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Programming a new VHF/UHF radio usually proves to be a frustrating experience for most new amateur radio operators. A new radio must first be programmed for simplex and repeater operation before it can be used to communicate with local hams.

EasyPal is a sophisticated digital Slow-Scan Television (SSTV) application that utilizes soundcard technology to encode and decode SSTV signals. Developed by the late Erik Sundstrup (VK4AES SK), this software has evolved into a versatile communication tool for amateur radio operators, extending beyond basic image transmission capabilities. EasyPal implements Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) encoding technology, enabling efficient data transmission over narrow 2.5 KHz channels on both HF and VHF frequencies with remarkable speed. The application supports multiple file formats, including jpg, pdf, txt, doc, and xls, as well as specialized forms such as ICS-213 and ICS-213 (ARES). Additionally, EasyPal offers email functionality through designated repeater stations with internet access. Its responsive development history and robust feature set have established it as a premier digital SSTV solution in the amateur radio community, though users of Windows 11 should note specific configuration requirements to ensure optimal performance.

Linking VHF and UHF radios and repeaters around the world using a secure Voice-Over-IP system, with no hackers!

Radio propagation prediction and simulation tool for VHF-UHF, based on the Irregular Terrain Model, also known as Longley-Rice. Can be used as a repeater site planing tool and radio coverage analysis. Currently it works on Linux and Windows.

Compiling an extensive collection of technical information, the Repeater Builder's website serves as a critical resource for those involved in amateur and commercial repeater systems. It covers a broad spectrum of topics essential for the design, construction, and ongoing maintenance of these vital communication hubs, drawing from years of practical experience in the field. The site provides detailed insights into various aspects of repeater technology, including specific information on VHF and UHF bands, such as 2-meter systems. Users can find data related to repeater logic, control systems, and interfacing with other radio infrastructure, all presented with a focus on practical application. Authored by Kevin Custer, W3KKC, the content reflects a deep understanding of repeater operations and engineering, offering guidance that extends beyond basic setup to advanced troubleshooting and optimization.

GitHub reposotory of QradioPredict, a radio propagation prediction tool for VHF-UHF, based on the Irregular Terrain Model, also known as Longley-Rice. Can be used as a repeater site planing tool. Has an internal APRS client which can be used to display stations as a landmark.

QRZCQ.com provides a centralized online platform for amateur radio operators, integrating a global callsign database with DX Cluster functionality. The service features real-time DX spotting, filtering capabilities for specific bands (e.g., 160m, 80m, 40m, 20m, 15m, 10m), and specialized filters for awards like IOTA, SOTA, WWFF, and QRP activity. It also includes a logbook, QSL manager lookup, contest calendar, and various ham radio articles and news feeds, supporting a wide range of operating activities and information retrieval. The platform aggregates data from multiple sources, offering a dynamic view of on-air activity and callsign information. Users can register for free to access additional services, including a personal logbook, buddy lists, and chat features, fostering community interaction among over 198,600 registered users. The DX Cluster displays recent spots with frequency, DX call, spotter, and remarks, covering bands from VLF to VHF. Beyond DX spotting, the site provides resources such as repeater directories, propagation information, and a swapmeet, making it a multi-faceted tool for both casual browsing and serious DXing or contesting. The service also highlights active users, latest news, articles, and videos, keeping the content fresh and relevant.

The YB7ZGP Pamaton Repeater operates on a frequency of 146.76 MHz, serving the Martapura District in Banjar, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. This VHF repeater provides local communication infrastructure for amateur radio operators in the region. The repeater's operation is managed by Syah Riyan, indicating a local amateur radio enthusiast or group maintains the station. Repeaters like YB7ZGP are critical for extending the range of VHF/UHF communications, allowing handheld and mobile transceivers to communicate over greater distances than line-of-sight. The 146.76 MHz frequency falls within the 2-meter band, a popular segment for local and regional amateur radio traffic, often utilized for emergency communications and general ragchewing. Information regarding the _Pamaton Repeater_ is presented on a blog platform, suggesting a community-driven effort to disseminate details about this local amateur radio asset.

Establishing a robust, interconnected communication infrastructure across challenging terrain, the Island Trunk System (ITS) provides a network of open amateur radio repeaters for general and emergency communications throughout Vancouver Island, surrounding waters, and parts of the lower mainland on the West Coast of British Columbia, Canada. This system, largely off-grid, relies on solar power and batteries, necessitating careful operation, especially during night hours and low solar charging seasons, to preserve its energy resources. Maintaining the ITS involves significant effort from many hams, who appreciate adherence to regulations, including proper station identification. The system hosts a weekly social net every Monday evening at 8 PM, welcoming all participants, and also supports a Vancouver Island Region Emergency Radio Net each Wednesday at 19:15. Experimental projects like the Newcastle Ridge webcams, linked via 5.8 GHz broadband backhaul over 206 km to Nanaimo and Comox, demonstrate the innovative spirit within the ITS community. A new VHF repeater, operating on 146.880 MHz with a 141.3 Hz PL tone, was installed in Tofino, expanding system coverage.

Details the Northern Amateur Relay Council of California (NARCC) as the regional coordinating body for amateur radio repeaters operating on the 10-meter band and above. It outlines NARCC's function in managing frequency allocations to minimize interference and ensure efficient spectrum use across Northern California. The resource specifies that NARCC operates in cooperation with the FCC and ARRL, indicating its recognized authority within the amateur radio community. The organization's role centers on repeater coordination, a critical aspect of VHF/UHF operations where multiple stations share limited frequency segments. It highlights the support received from local amateur radio operators, underscoring a community-driven approach to spectrum management. The site serves as a primary reference for hams seeking to establish or operate repeaters within the designated service area. NARCC's activities directly impact the operational landscape for _VHF_ and _UHF_ enthusiasts, providing essential guidelines and coordinated frequencies. This ensures orderly communication and prevents conflicts, particularly in densely populated areas of Northern California.

Presents a comprehensive listing of VHF and UHF repeater systems operating within Ecuador, detailing their operational frequencies and geographical coverage. The resource includes specific entries for locations such as _Guayaquil_, Cuenca, and Manta, alongside their respective frequency pairs. For instance, the Cerro Azul repeater in Guayaquil operates on **6.760- T**, indicating a transmit offset, while the Sta. Elena system utilizes a 26.660 MHz transmit frequency. The data provides essential information for local and visiting amateur radio operators seeking to utilize regional repeater infrastructure. It delineates coverage areas using two-letter provincial abbreviations, such as AZ for Azuay and GY for Guayas, facilitating route planning and mobile operation. This compilation is particularly useful for those engaged in local communications or emergency preparedness within the Ecuadorian amateur radio community, offering a practical guide to available repeater assets.

Shelby amateur radio club's VHF emergency net is open to all within the repeater's coverage area. 146.880 and 147.345 are the repeater frequencies. Shelby Radio Club is the sponsor of the Shelby hamfest.

The **KC0KJF** personal amateur radio page provides a collection of resources for fellow hams, particularly those interested in operations within southwest Missouri. It offers detailed listings for **Missouri repeaters** on both 2 meters and 70 centimeters, serving as a practical reference for local VHF/UHF communication. The site also includes information about the operator's station setup and antenna projects, such as a dipole and a bazooka antenna, which can offer insights into basic antenna construction and deployment. Beyond local repeater data, the page features links to the FCC Part 97 rules, essential for understanding amateur radio regulations. The operator, licensed as a Technician Class since April 16, 2001, shares his journey from Citizen's Band Radio to amateur radio, driven by a lifelong fascination with shortwave listening. This narrative provides context for the resource's focus on practical operating information and foundational regulatory knowledge. Additional content covers specific equipment like the 2-meter/70-centimeter Arrow Antenna, useful for hams considering portable or fixed station VHF/UHF setups.

The range and coverage of your VHF transceiver will be limited to your radio horizon. How to calculate the visual horizon and how to determine the Radio Horizon

"Located at Nellis Airforce Base-Las Vegas, Nevada USA. Nellis RAC is a progressive radio club. Providing licensing classes, on-air code study group, vhf/uhf repeaters, emergency and public service communications, ""Aviation Nation"" Airshow Special Event Station N7V"

Welcome to the relay repeater club. we are a 2 meter/vhf amateur (ham) radio club in arcadia, california, operating on the ka6ncr repeater. we are looking for new members.

The QRV.DK platform offers a dedicated **QRZ callsign search engine** specifically tailored for Danish amateur radio operators. It enables users to look up callsigns and ascertain their **Logbook of The World (LoTW)** status, a critical feature for DXers and contesters seeking QSL confirmations. The search functionality facilitates rapid access to operator details within the Danish amateur radio community, streamlining contact verification processes. Beyond callsign lookups, the resource includes a comprehensive repeater list for Denmark, providing essential information for local and regional VHF/UHF operations. This feature supports mobile and portable stations in locating active repeaters, enhancing communication reliability across various bands. The site also curates a collection of ham radio links, serving as a centralized hub for related amateur radio resources.

Operating as a local amateur radio club, the Wireless Association of South Hills (WASH) provides a community hub for hams in the Pittsburgh, PA area, identified by the N3SH callsign. The club engages in a range of activities including the Annual Field Day, the PA QSO Party, and a 2 Meter Contest, fostering participation in various aspects of the hobby. WASH also supports local ARES/RACES efforts, highlighting the critical role of amateur radio in emergency communications during disasters, and facilitates ARRL/VEC exam sessions for new licensees. Beyond contests and emergency preparedness, WASH hosts club picnics and an annual hamfest, promoting social interaction among members. The club maintains VHF/UHF repeaters, which are essential for local communication and extending range for members. Regular activities include a Monday evening WASH NET at 8:00 PM, providing a consistent on-air gathering point. The club's focus on both recreational and public service aspects of amateur radio, from making new friends to providing vital disaster communications, underscores its comprehensive approach to the hobby.

The BTech DMR-6X2 dual-band DMR handheld radio is thoroughly reviewed, detailing its features and performance for amateur radio operators. This resource covers the radio's capabilities for both VHF and UHF frequencies, supporting Tier II DMR digital and FM analog modes. It highlights key specifications such as its **136-174 MHz** and **400-480 MHz** frequency ranges, CTCSS/DCS, DTMF, 2-TONE, and 5-TONE signaling, and its _digital simplex repeater_ function. The review provides a comprehensive unboxing experience, listing included accessories like two Li-Ion batteries (2100 and 3100 mAh), a programming cable, and a 37-page English user guide. It also specifies the radio's physical dimensions of 5.1 x 2.4 x 1.5 inches and weights of 9.9 oz with the 2100 mAh battery and 10.8 oz with the 3100 mAh battery, offering practical insights for hams considering this transceiver.

Operating on the 146.880 MHz repeater, the Inland Empire VHF Radio Amateurs (IEVHFRA) hosts a weekly net, providing a consistent on-air gathering for amateurs within Eastern Washington and Spokane County. My experience with similar regional VHF nets confirms their value in fostering local ham radio community and sharing information, often covering topics from equipment troubleshooting to upcoming hamfests. The club, active for over **50 years**, also organizes the _Inland Empire VHF Tailgate Swap_, an event featuring vendors, emergency communication demonstrations by Spokane ARES-ACS, and POTA/SOTA activity setups. Such events are crucial for hands-on learning and direct interaction, which I've found invaluable for new licensees and seasoned operators alike. Beyond on-air activities and events, IEVHFRA supports the hobby through amateur radio classes and testing, facilitating new license acquisition and upgrades. They also maintain an online messaging group for members, ensuring continuous communication and information exchange.

Amateur radio operators seeking local community and emergency communications involvement often look for active clubs. The Rock River Radio Club (RRRC) provides a platform for hams in Wisconsin to participate in weekly nets and monthly meetings, fostering camaraderie and operational readiness. Their activities include regular ARES/RACES nets, which are crucial for maintaining proficiency in emergency communication protocols and equipment. The club hosts weekly nets on both VHF/UHF and HF bands, allowing members to practice various modes and frequencies. These include a Monday evening net on the Juneau Repeater at _146.64 MHz_ (PL 123.0) and a Thursday evening net on the Knowles Repeater at _442.975 MHz_ (PL 123.0). An HF net operates on Saturdays at **3.947 MHz**, with an additional ARES/RACES net on Sundays at **3.967 MHz**. Monthly club meetings are held on the first Tuesday of each month at 7 PM in Randolph, Wisconsin, providing a consistent gathering point for members and prospective hams. The club also engages in public demonstrations, such as those at the Experimental Aircraft Association (EAA) Dodge County Chapter Fly-In, showcasing amateur radio to a broader audience.

The loma pioneer repeater club - lprc provides 2 meter vhf and 440 uhf amateur radio and emergency communication for the san francisco and monterey bay areas from a repeater on mt loma prieta. aprs digipeater available.

The electchester vhf club is located in flushing, queens, ny and operates an arrl coordinated, 2 meter, vhf repeater designed for amateur (ham) radio use.

The Broadcast Employees Amateur Radio Society, Inc. (BEARS) operates an extensive network of **VHF and UHF repeaters** across New York, the Hudson Valley, Long Island, and New Jersey, accessible to all licensed amateur radio operators. This resource details the club's structure as a 501c3 tax-exempt non-profit, emphasizing its role in providing ham radio training, testing, and critical communications support to various public and private emergency response agencies. Key repeaters include W2ABC/RPT on 147.27 MHz with a 141.3 PL tone, serving as a central point for club activities and broader network access. BEARS is also a founding member of the **Disney Amateur Radio Interconnect (DARI)**, a consortium of open, linked VHF and UHF repeaters spanning major metropolitan areas such as Philadelphia, Baltimore/Washington DC, Orlando, Bristol, Los Angeles, and Boston. This interconnected system facilitates wide-area communication for members and supports emergency preparedness efforts across multiple regions. The club's focus extends beyond Disney employees, welcoming aspiring and current hams from outside the company to participate in its activities and utilize its robust repeater infrastructure.

The Lakeshore Repeater Association (KR9RK) operates a **VHF** 2-meter repeater on 147.270 MHz, utilizing a +600 kHz offset and a 100 Hz PL tone, serving the Raymond, Wisconsin area. The organization provides access to monthly newsletters, with recent editions including March 2026, February 2026, and January 2026, detailing club activities and operational updates. A Google Docs link is provided for newsletters with functional embedded links, addressing issues with PDF versions. The association's Megacycle Group is actively constructing a **DX Contest** level HF network, designed for remote accessibility. This initiative aims to provide members with a competitive edge in global DX hunts by enabling worldwide access to the station's radios. Additionally, the Lakeshore Radio Association is commemorating its 50th anniversary with a special event station, K5O, inviting all members to participate in on-air operations.

A cavity filter, often a critical component in _duplexer_ designs, functions as a sharply tuned resonant circuit, allowing only specific frequencies to pass while attenuating others. These filters are essential for maintaining signal integrity in environments where multiple transmitters and receivers operate simultaneously on closely spaced frequencies, such as in repeater stations. The article details how these filters, sometimes referred to as _notch filters_, achieve high Q factors, which are crucial for their performance. Understanding the principles of cavity filters is fundamental for any amateur radio operator involved in repeater operation or designing custom RF front-ends. The discussion covers the basic circuitry and operational characteristics that enable these devices to provide significant isolation, often achieving **-80 dB** or more between transmit and receive paths. This level of isolation is vital for preventing receiver desensitization and intermodulation distortion. Properly tuned cavity filters ensure that a repeater can transmit and receive simultaneously on different frequencies without self-interference, a common challenge in VHF/UHF operations.

Details the Big Thunder Amateur Radio Club (BTARC), a long-standing amateur radio organization based in Boone County, Illinois, established in 1962. It covers the club's mission to enhance the skills of local hams, promote radio knowledge, and foster social interaction among operators. The resource outlines BTARC's commitment to community service, including emergency communications support through RACES, and its active participation in events like Field Day, fox hunts, and public service communications for local races. Explains the club's history, including the establishment of its first repeater in the 1970s by members WD9JGH, Mike George, K9ORU, and Claude Horsman, WB9PMM, using a VHF Engineering kit and a Sinclair duplexer. It provides specifications for two club-maintained FM repeaters: a 2-meter repeater on 147.375 MHz (+600 KHz shift, 100.0 Hz PL tone) and a 70-cm repeater on 442.825 MHz (+5 MHz shift, 114.8 Hz PL tone). The club hosts a weekly 2-meter net on Sundays at 7:00 PM local time and holds monthly meetings on the second Thursday at the Spring Township Building in Belvidere, IL.

The VU2BBB repeater, located in Matheran, Maharashtra, commenced operations in the late 1980s, a significant undertaking by the Bombay Repeater Society. This repeater facilitates VHF and UHF communications for local amateur radio operators, providing extended range and improved signal reliability across challenging terrain. Its establishment marked a key development in regional amateur radio infrastructure, offering a crucial node for local nets and general QSO traffic. The repeater's operational parameters include specific input and output frequencies within the 2-meter band, typically utilizing a standard offset. CTCSS tones are often employed to mitigate interference and ensure selective access for authorized users, a common practice for repeaters in densely populated areas. Regular maintenance and upgrades ensure _VU2BBB_ remains a reliable asset for the amateur community, supporting emergency communications and daily amateur radio activities. The _Bombay Repeater Society_ continues to oversee its operation, reflecting a sustained commitment to local ham radio services.

The Eastman Amateur Radio Club (VE4TG) operates a **VHF repeater** at 146.73 MHz and a **UHF repeater** at 444.15 MHz, both located at the Manitoba Hydro gas-fired generating station near Selkirk. These repeaters are situated on the power plant roof, leveraging its infrastructure for antenna placement. The club's primary objective is to offer a reliable local repeater site for members in the East Selkirk and Lockport areas, ensuring consistent amateur radio access. Beyond routine communication, the club maintains a standby communications link to assist local municipal authorities during emergencies requiring communications support. The unique repeater site location at a generating station provides a robust backup power supply, enhancing reliability. The club also organizes activities such as a weekly net and participates in WARC Field Day, fostering community engagement and operational readiness.

The High Point Amateur Radio Club (HPARC), operating under the callsign W4UA, provides a central hub for amateur radio enthusiasts in High Point, North Carolina, and surrounding communities. The club's website outlines its long-standing traditions and civic service, which date back to the 1930s, highlighting its sustained leadership and strong membership support over decades. It serves as a resource for individuals interested in obtaining or upgrading an FCC amateur radio license, offering assistance through direct contact with club officers. The site also features a newsletter archive for meeting notices and information on club activities, including Field Day. HPARC's diverse membership shares a common interest in the amateur radio hobby, encompassing various aspects such as VHF, UHF, HF, and digital modes like D-STAR. The club's commitment to public service is evident through its involvement in ARES and Skywarn, alongside educational initiatives for new hams and those pursuing license upgrades. The site also lists repeaters and provides information on emergency communications, technical projects, and participation in events like DXCC and contests, reflecting the broad interests of its members.

Isle of Man Repeaters maintained by David Osborn GD4HOZ this site covers the VHF repeater GB3GD and UHF internet linked 70cm repeater GB3IM. Using Allstar software for linking GB3IM is the only site in the uk to have three transmitters. Supported by the Isle of Man Amateur Radio Society

Ham amateur radio club experimenters repeater vhf contest indianapolis, carmel indiana, irlp ice D-Star

Operating an amateur radio club, VE2CEV details its activities, including regular meetings and a significant project involving the construction of a **satellite ground station**. The resource outlines the project's inception, team formation, equipment acquisition, and the physical installation of antennas and rotator systems. It specifically mentions the use of a dual-axis AZ/EL rotator and antennas for VHF, UHF, and SHF (2 meters, 70 centimeters, and 13 centimeters), along with the strategic use of **Heliax cables** to minimize RF signal loss. The club also provides information on its interconnected repeater network covering southwestern Montérégie. The content highlights the practical application of the satellite station for communicating via amateur satellites and the International Space Station (ISS). It details the collaborative effort of members in securing a powerful Linux server, negotiating antenna installation with local authorities, and the precise alignment of antennas. The club emphasizes its role in guiding new amateurs, offering demonstrations, and potentially organizing courses, indicating a focus on community engagement and technical education within the amateur radio hobby.

The Baofeng UV-5R handheld transceiver, introduced around 2012, operates across the 2-meter (144-148 MHz) and 70-centimeter (420-450 MHz) amateur bands, offering dual-band receive and transmit capabilities. This review provides an early assessment of the radio's form factor, user interface, and general performance, noting its compact size and the inclusion of a **VFO/Memory mode** button for frequency management. The device supports both FM and narrow FM modes, with a reported power output of 4 watts on VHF and 3 watts on UHF, making it suitable for local simplex and repeater operations. Key features discussed include its 128-channel memory capacity, a built-in VOX function, and a **DTMF keypad** for tone dialing and repeater access. The review highlights the radio's ability to scan frequencies and memories, along with a dual-watch function allowing simultaneous monitoring of two frequencies. Battery life is addressed, with the standard 1800 mAh Li-ion pack providing several hours of operation depending on transmit usage. Initial impressions cover the radio's construction and the clarity of its LCD display, which shows both A and B band frequencies.

UK frequency list provide reference table to lister to Police scanner channels UHF VHF, Amateur Repeaters, Ambulance CB Radio CoastGuard Rescue, marine VHF, Military and more.

For every radio amateur who loves to travel by car, a mobile installation soon becomes a necessity. While in inhabited areas there is usually some coverage of VHF repeaters, in many other places VHF radios are useless. In these very places, HF can provide reliable contacts, and a lot of fun, from anywhere.

Amateur radio repeaters, often designated by an "R" number like _R6_ or _R5_, serve as crucial infrastructure for extending VHF/UHF communications range. This resource from Essex Ham explains the fundamental concept of a repeater, detailing how it receives on one frequency and simultaneously retransmits on another, typically with a 600 kHz offset for 2-meter repeaters. Understanding the input and output frequencies, along with the required CTCSS tone, is essential for successful access, ensuring your signal is processed and relayed across a wider service area. The article clarifies the importance of using the correct _CTCSS_ (Continuous Tone-Coded Squelch System) tone, often referred to as a sub-audible tone, to activate a specific repeater. It also touches upon the concept of _simplex_ operation versus repeater use, highlighting the benefits of repeaters for mobile and handheld transceivers. Proper operating procedures, such as listening before transmitting and keeping transmissions concise, are emphasized to maintain good amateur practice on shared repeater assets.

The Burlington Amateur Radio Club (BARC) provides a community hub for amateur radio operators in Burlington, Ontario, Canada, offering regular meetings, educational programs, and a dedicated hackspace for electronics and radio experimentation. The club operates several repeaters, including a 2m repeater (VE3RSB) on 147.210 MHz with a +600 kHz offset and 131.8 Hz tone, which supports AllStar node 542490. Additionally, BARC maintains a UHF repeater on 444.825 MHz with a +5 MHz offset and 131.8 Hz tone, and a 1.25m (220 MHz) repeater, facilitating local communication and digital mode access. BARC hosts multiple nets, including a Fusion Net on Mondays at 8:00 p.m. via VE3RSB-Room 61272, a Regular Wednesday Night Net on the VE3RSB system at 7:30 PM, and a 220 Net on Thursdays at 7:00 p.m. The club also runs a CW/SSB HF Net every Thursday at 7:00 p.m. local time on 40m, utilizing 7.125 MHz for LSB and 7.124.3 MHz for CW check-ins. These activities promote on-air participation, technical skill development, and social interaction among members, supporting both VHF/UHF local operations and HF DXing.

The Davis County Amateur Radio Club (DCARC) serves as a focal point for licensed amateur radio operators in Davis County, Utah, fostering community and promoting radio communication interests. Members engage in various aspects of the hobby, including local nets, public service events, and technical discussions. The club's activities often involve supporting emergency communications preparedness and providing opportunities for skill development among its members. DCARC maintains a presence in the local ham radio scene, facilitating contacts and knowledge exchange. They frequently participate in events like _Field Day_ and offer resources for those interested in obtaining or upgrading their amateur radio licenses. The club also supports local repeaters, ensuring reliable VHF/UHF communication infrastructure for the region. Their website, dcarc.net, provides information on club meetings, upcoming events, and contact details for prospective members.

The Delta Amateur Radio Club (DARC) serves as a community organization for amateur radio operators in the Memphis, Tennessee area, providing resources and activities centered around two-way radio communication. The club maintains the W4BS repeater system, which operates on 147.060 MHz with a +600 kHz offset and a 100 Hz PL tone, facilitating local VHF communications. DARC actively supports the Amateur Radio Emergency Service (ARES), preparing members for public service and disaster response through training and coordinated drills. The club also hosts regular meetings and events, fostering camaraderie and technical skill development among its members. Membership in the Delta Amateur Radio Club offers opportunities for participation in various amateur radio activities, including field day operations and local nets. The W4BS repeater provides reliable coverage across the Memphis metropolitan area, serving as a critical asset for both daily ragchewing and emergency traffic handling. DARC's affiliation with the Amateur Radio Relay League (ARRL) ensures access to national resources and advocacy, reinforcing the club's commitment to promoting amateur radio and public service within the community. The club's focus on emergency communications strengthens local preparedness.

Crossband Repeating is a process where a Ham transmits one signal on one band (typically UHF), and it is received by another radio with a better antenna/power installation, and re-transmitted (typically on VHF) to another radio system, or a repeater. Everyday examples of cross-band repeaters are repeater receive sites that hear the input signals on 2m and retransmit those signals on a frequency higher than 220 MHz.

Illustrates the fundamental principles of radio repeaters, detailing their role in extending communication range beyond line-of-sight limitations. It begins by defining _simplex communication_ as a direct radio-to-radio link, effective only when no obstructions impede the signal path. The resource then introduces the concept of a repeater (or base station) strategically positioned on elevated terrain, such as a mountain, to overcome geographical barriers. The article clarifies the repeater's operational mechanism: it receives a signal on one frequency and simultaneously re-transmits it on a different frequency, enabling users on opposite sides of an obstruction to communicate. This _duplex operation_ is likened to satellite communication for VHF propagation, but with a fixed terrestrial station. Specific examples of signal paths are provided, showing how a handheld radio transmits up to the repeater, which then relays the message down to another user, effectively bypassing obstacles like hills or large buildings.

Explains the fundamental purpose of a repeater, detailing how these automated relay stations overcome distance and terrain limitations for VHF/UHF communications. It traces the historical development from early Bell Telephone Labs "relay" stations in 1922 to Art Gentry, W6MEP's, pioneering K6MYK amateur radio repeater in the mid-1950s, which remains active today. The resource clarifies the distinction between simplex and duplex operation, including the unique function of a "parrot repeater" for single-frequency recording and playback. Delving into the internal workings, the guide breaks down a repeater into its core components: the antenna system, feedline (often _Heliax_ or hardline for minimal loss), duplexer, receiver, transmitter, and controller. It emphasizes the critical role of the duplexer in preventing receiver desensitization by isolating transmit and receive signals, even with distinct frequencies. The discussion highlights the importance of high-performance, durable antennas and low-loss feedlines, citing examples of equipment installed in the 1960s and 1970s that are still in perfect working order. Operating a repeater is also covered, with an explanation of frequency offset (e.g., the 600 kHz standard for 2 meters) and the function of _CTCSS_ (PL tone) for access. It outlines standard input/output offsets for various bands, from 6 meters to 23 centimeters, while noting regional variations. The guide also touches on features like autopatch and Digital Voice Recorders (DVRs), providing a solid foundation for understanding repeater technology and usage.

Responsible for the operation of amateur radio repeaters GB3FM, GB3FN and GB3FX which are located near Farnham, Surrey in Southern England

This article describes the construction of a simple dual-band VHF/UHF end-fed vertical dipole antenna designed for local repeater access using an Icom IC-705 radio. Built from a single piece of RG58U coaxial cable, the antenna consists of a 460mm exposed inner conductor, 450mm of intact coax, and a 9-turn choke balun wound on a 27mm former. Mounted on a 10m Spiderpole, the antenna achieves excellent SWR readings (<1.2:1 on 2m, <1.5:1 on 70cm) and provides effective coverage of local repeaters with unexpected reach into distant locations.

The most basic form of repeater receives communication on one frequency and re-transmits it on a different frequency, a process known as duplex communication. This capability significantly extends the range of handheld and mobile radios, as repeaters are typically situated at elevated locations with high-gain antennas and greater transmit power. Repeaters commonly operate with FM modulation on the VHF (30 MHz – 300 MHz) and UHF (300 MHz – 3 GHz) amateur bands, which are ideal for portable and mobile devices. Access to repeaters is often controlled by a CTCSS or PL tone, an inaudible signal that prevents the repeater from retransmitting background noise. This mechanism ensures efficient use of the frequency and prevents illegal continuous transmission. Canadian regulations, for instance, require an Advanced amateur radio license and an available frequency within the band to set up a repeater, each assigned a unique call sign and transmit frequency. Configuring a radio for repeater use involves knowing the repeater's transmit frequency, its receive frequency offset (e.g., -600 KHz for VHF or +5 MHz for UHF), and the necessary CTCSS tone. The article references resources like Repeater Book for locating repeaters and provides practical examples for initiating and concluding a basic repeater session, emphasizing clear identification and concise communication.

Operating amateur radio repeaters involves understanding frequency offsets, CTCSS tones, and the basic signal flow through a repeater system. This resource details the fundamental concepts of repeater operation, including the distinction between input and output frequencies, the role of **CTCSS (Continuous Tone-Coded Squelch System)** for access, and the typical frequency bands utilized for local communication. It clarifies terms such as "simplex" versus "duplex" operation and provides a diagram illustrating the signal path from a handheld transceiver to a repeater and back to another station, emphasizing the range extension repeaters offer. The article further explains practical aspects like identifying a repeater's offset (e.g., +600 kHz for 2-meter band) and the necessity of programming the correct tone. It compares the operational benefits of using repeaters for local communication over direct simplex contacts, highlighting how repeaters overcome line-of-sight limitations. The content is structured to assist new licensees in confidently making their first repeater contacts, providing a foundational understanding of how these critical infrastructure components facilitate wider area coverage for VHF/UHF amateur radio.

Ham radio communication in the VHF and UHF bands, which was previously dominated by analog Frequency Modulation (FM), is increasingly incorporating Digital Voice (DV) modes. DV transceivers digitize audio and offer benefits like as signal integrity, encoded caller ID, and bandwidth savings. Today D-STAR, DMR and Yaesu System Fusion (YSF) are popular DV formats, each with its own set of features but mainly incompatible with the others. Internet access with Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) expands DV communication worldwide. Repeaters and personal hotspots expand DV capabilities, enabling seamless worldwide connections. However, implementing DV frequently necessitates learning new technologies and negotiating network complexity.

Over 200 distinct 2-meter band amateur radio repeaters are cataloged for Australia, providing essential operational data for VHF communication. Each entry specifies the repeater's output frequency, often including the input tone (e.g., **91.5 Hz** or **123.0 Hz** CTCSS) and the repeater's callsign (e.g., _VK2RSC_, _VK3RHF_). Locations are precisely noted, frequently referencing specific towns, mountains, or geographical features such as "Kinglake, Kangaroo Ground" or "Adaminaby, Mars Hill." The resource also indicates various digital modes and linking capabilities where applicable, such as "FMEchoLinkFusionWIRES-X" or "DMR," alongside standard FM operation. This detailed listing facilitates local and regional VHF communication, enabling hams to program their transceivers accurately for repeater access. The data is presented in a clear, tabular format, making it straightforward to identify repeaters by frequency and location.

INTERCOM is a freeware application designed for remote control of KENWOOD TMD700/710/V-71 transceivers, as well as other transceivers equipped with UP, DOWN, and PTT commands. Compatible with Windows XP and higher (32 & 64-bit), INTERCOM offers multilingual support in English and French, and can be used on Linux, Ubuntu, or Android platforms via WINE 1.0 or CROSSOVER. The software enables users to send basic commands—such as selecting TX, VFO, memory channels, or power levels—either through manual inputs or over a TCP/IP link. INTERCOM is tailored for SIMPLEX setups, facilitating the interconnection of VHF/UHF repeaters with nearby repeaters. Remote commands are transmitted using DTMF codes, which are decoded by SIMPLEX and forwarded to INTERCOM via TCP/IP. This functionality makes INTERCOM an ideal tool for radio enthusiasts and operators seeking seamless remote management of supported transceivers in simplex configurations.