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CwGet v2.55 is a software application for amateur radio operators designed to decode Morse code (CW) signals into text using a standard computer sound card, eliminating the need for specialized hardware. The program features a customizable interface with a spectrum display for visualizing signal frequencies and peaks, an oscillogram for monitoring signal presence and setting detection thresholds, and a received symbols window for displaying decoded text. Key functionalities include Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) to lock onto signals, adjustable FIR and IIR filters for noise reduction, and a burst filter to mitigate short noise impulses. It also supports automatic CW speed detection, multiple character sets, and the ability to record and replay received audio. Integration with logging software like AALog is facilitated through double-click word transfer, and transceiver frequency control is possible via the Omni-Rig interface, allowing for automatic tuning of the radio's VFO or RIT. The multi-channel decoder feature can simultaneously decode up to five strong signals within a 1600 Hz bandwidth, displayed in a separate Multi-RX Window with an adjustable squelch. CwGet also offers the capability to decode signals from pre-recorded WAVE files and can function as a narrow-band sound DSP filter for aural decoding. This is a commercial version and it has been tested on latest MS Winows versions.

EasyPal is a sophisticated digital Slow-Scan Television (SSTV) application that utilizes soundcard technology to encode and decode SSTV signals. Developed by the late Erik Sundstrup (VK4AES SK), this software has evolved into a versatile communication tool for amateur radio operators, extending beyond basic image transmission capabilities. EasyPal implements Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) encoding technology, enabling efficient data transmission over narrow 2.5 KHz channels on both HF and VHF frequencies with remarkable speed. The application supports multiple file formats, including jpg, pdf, txt, doc, and xls, as well as specialized forms such as ICS-213 and ICS-213 (ARES). Additionally, EasyPal offers email functionality through designated repeater stations with internet access. Its responsive development history and robust feature set have established it as a premier digital SSTV solution in the amateur radio community, though users of Windows 11 should note specific configuration requirements to ensure optimal performance.

FT2 is an innovative digital mode for amateur radio, developed by IU8LMC with support from ARI Caserta. It utilizes the same codec as FT8 and FT4 but compresses the transmission cycle to just 3.8 seconds, allowing for a complete QSO in as little as 11 seconds. This remarkable speed enables operators to achieve approximately 240 QSOs per hour, making it particularly advantageous for contests and DXpeditions. The FT2 protocol has been rigorously tested on-air, with successful QSOs verified down to -12 dB SNR on both 40m and 80m bands. The mode's efficiency and speed are a significant advancement in digital communications, providing a new tool for amateur radio operators looking to maximize their contact rates. As an experimental release, the software is subject to updates, ensuring continuous improvement and adaptation to user feedback.

Unified Microsystems presents a range of amateur radio products, notably the **XT-4 MK2 CW Memory Keyer**, a battery-powered iambic keyer designed for portable operations like Field Day, POTA, SOTA, and DXpeditions. It features four non-volatile memories, each storing approximately 240 Morse characters, and operates at speeds from 8-45 WPM. The XT-4 MK2 also includes an auto power save function and paddle reverse, making it adaptable for multi-operator setups. Beyond the XT-4 MK2, the site details the **W9XT Contest Card**, a PC plug-in board offering DVK and CW interface capabilities, allowing operators to record and playback CQs and contest exchanges. Other offerings include the BevFlex-4X RX Antenna System, RAS-4 RX Antenna Switch, VK-64 Voice CW Keyer, and various USB interfaces. Additional products cover electronic development, such as the ATS-1 Terminal Shield for Arduino™ and VR-X Power Supply Voltage Regulators, demonstrating a broader scope beyond just operating accessories. The XT-4Beacon MK2 / CW IDer is also highlighted for beacon projects, capable of storing messages up to 5 minutes at 25 WPM.

Generating Morse code audio files from text input is the primary function of _MorseGen v1.2_, a utility designed for amateur radio operators. The software allows users to specify the tone frequency and words-per-minute (WPM) speed for the generated CW. A key feature is its ability to create a WAVE audio file containing the Morse code, which can then be used in various applications. The program also supports repeating the generated CW sequence at user-defined intervals, making it particularly useful for creating station identification signals or beacons. The practical application of this tool extends to automated station identification, especially for repeaters or digital mode gateways that require a CW ident. By producing a standard _WAVE file_, the output is compatible with most audio playback systems and software. This functionality provides a straightforward method for integrating custom Morse code messages into existing amateur radio setups, eliminating the need for external hardware keyers for simple identification tasks. The adjustable parameters offer flexibility to match specific operational requirements or personal preferences for CW characteristics.

Amateur radio operators frequently seek efficient methods for logging contacts, particularly during contests or DXing sessions where speed and accuracy are paramount. MiniLogBook addresses this need by providing a streamlined logging utility designed for Windows environments. The software facilitates rapid entry of QSO data, offering an automated lookup feature for previous contacts based on recent callsigns, which significantly reduces redundant data entry. The application's distinctive utility lies in its integration capabilities with other ham radio software, specifically _MRP40_. Users can select text within the MRP40 receive window and, with a double-click, automatically insert that text into MiniLogBook. This feature is particularly advantageous for operators engaged in digital modes like RTTY or PSK, where copying callsigns and exchange information accurately and quickly is critical. The tool aims to simplify the logging workflow, allowing operators to focus more on the contact itself rather than manual data transcription. While primarily a logging tool, its focus on quick entry and interoperability with specific third-party software distinguishes it from more feature-rich logging suites. The software is distributed as freeware by _Polar Electric_, making it accessible without cost. Its small footprint and direct functionality cater to operators who prefer a minimalist approach to logging, prioritizing efficiency over extensive database management or advanced reporting features.

Demonstrates a practical approach to improving Morse code proficiency through a curated selection of audio files. The resource offers downloadable MP3 files designed for CW practice, catering to operators aiming to increase their copying speed and accuracy. Content includes both standard words and specific amateur radio callsign groups, which are crucial for effective on-air communication. The files are organized to facilitate progressive learning, allowing users to select material appropriate for their current skill level. This collection supports the development of essential CW operating skills, particularly for those preparing for contests, DXing, or general ragchewing on HF bands. The _ON6ZQ_ site, maintained by _Christophe David_, also features information on his _Reverse Beacon Network_ skimmer and _SOTA2APRS_ feed, indicating a strong focus on active operating modes and digital integration.

D-PRS Interface is written to provide a universal interface between APRS clients and an Icom D-STAR enabled radio with a low speed port.

Over 130 years after its inception, Morse Code remains a fundamental skill for many amateur radio operators, enabling efficient QRP operations, DXing, and contesting. This resource provides an in-depth look at the **Koch Method** of Morse training, a widely adopted technique that emphasizes high-speed character recognition from the outset. It details how this method can significantly accelerate proficiency, moving beyond traditional, slower learning approaches. The site also delves into the rich history of amateur radio, presenting articles such as "Radio on the Rio," which chronicles local ham activity in Socorro, New Mexico. Another piece, "The Russian Woodpecker," recounts the Cold War-era efforts of hams to counter Soviet over-the-horizon radar interference on the HF bands. Furthermore, the resource explores the fascinating intersection of ham radio and radio astronomy, highlighting the direct lineage between amateur experimentation and the development of modern radio telescopes like the **Very Large Array (VLA)**. It also includes an introduction to the 6-meter band, often called "The Magic Band," detailing its unique propagation characteristics and suitability for no-code licensees seeking long-distance contacts.

Web Morse Runne is an online CW (Morse code) contest simulator developed by DJ1TF - Thomas Fritzsche. This tool allows users to practice their Morse code receiving and sending skills in a simulated contest environment. Key configurable parameters include CW speed, with options ranging from 300Hz to 900Hz, and RX bandwidth, adjustable from 100Hz to 600Hz. Users can also set a monitor level and simulate various band conditions. The interface includes counters for calls and QSOs per hour, along with a timer. Pre-defined function keys are available for common contest exchanges such as F1 (CQ), F3 (TU), F6 (B4), F7 (?), and F8 (NIL). The simulator is designed for ham radio operators looking to improve their CW contesting proficiency.

A system designed to automatically tune small transmitting magnetic loop antennas, particularly beneficial for **contest operations** where rapid frequency changes are common. The core of the system involves a PC-based control application, AutoCap, written in C#, which monitors antenna SWR via an external meter and commands a motor interface to adjust the loop's variable capacitor. The software is compatible with Windows and Linux via the Mono framework, offering a graphical user interface for monitoring system status, SWR, power, and motor commands. Key components include one or more magnetic loop antennas equipped with DC or stepper motors for capacitor adjustment, an SWR meter with data output (such as the Telepost LP-100A or a homebrew serial/USB SWR meter), the AutoCap PC software, and a motor interface. The most effective motor interface utilizes an **Arduino-based controller** with custom firmware, providing precise control over both simple DC motors and stepper motors, and supporting features like motor braking for finer adjustments. The system allows for configurable SWR thresholds, pulse widths, and motor effort settings to optimize tuning speed and resolution. Optional radio integration provides frequency hints, enabling the algorithm to learn the relationship between motor actions and resonant frequency, thereby speeding up initial tuning responses. The software also supports antenna profiles, allowing operators to save and recall specific configurations for different loops, including accumulated frequency hint data.

Win EA6DDlog is a freeware logging application for Windows, developed by EA6DD Biel. It integrates features from existing software like Swislog, Urelib, Logger, and HamRadio Deluxe, presenting a Multi-Document Interface (MDI) similar to Logger. The program prioritizes simplicity, practicality, and operational speed, allowing functionality even on less powerful PCs. It does not require a formal installation; users can run it directly from a portable drive or any directory. This logging utility supports CAT control through Omnirig by Alex Shovkoplyas, VE3NEA, which is automatically installed if not already present on the system. It also offers QSL printing capabilities and connections to online callbook services such as QRZ and HamQTH for contact information. EA6DDlog includes an automatic update mechanism that checks for new versions upon startup, requiring internet access. For Windows Vista users, disabling User Account Control (UAC) is recommended for proper update functionality. The software is part of a broader development effort aiming for cross-platform compatibility, with future versions planned for Windows Mobile, Linux, and macOS.

Several HD video overlay devices are offered, including the GeoStamp HD, which overlays GPS latitude, longitude, heading, speed, altitude, date, time, and depth onto AHD, HD-TVI, and HD-CVI (720p/1080p) video sources. The VideoStamp HD allows user-defined text overlays on similar HD video inputs, while the VideoStamp Keyboard HD enables text input via a PS/2 keyboard for video overlay. For commercial applications, the PostMark HD integrates with cash registers and POS terminals to overlay transaction data onto security camera feeds. Beyond HD video solutions, the DTMF-8 DTMF Decoder provides remote control capabilities for up to eight devices or relays using touch tones from a radio or other audio source. This decoder supports four operational modes and includes password protection, storing all settings in non-volatile EEPROM memory. The product line also includes standard definition OSD, RS-232, GPS, and POS text inserters, along with various DTMF encoders and DVR solutions.

The _ISS Detector_ Android application, with over 5 million downloads, offers precise predictions for visible passes of the International Space Station. It notifies users minutes before an overhead pass, integrating local weather conditions to ensure optimal viewing opportunities. The core functionality focuses on the ISS, but in-app purchases extend its capabilities to track other celestial and artificial objects. Optional extensions, available via in-app purchase, allow users to monitor dozens of amateur radio and weather satellites, providing real-time transmitter information and Doppler frequencies. Additional extensions cover _Starlink_ satellites, the _Hubble Space Telescope_, rocket stages, bright satellites, comets, and planets, expanding the scope beyond the ISS to a broader range of observable space phenomena. The app's interface is designed for ease of use, displaying pass times, directions, and elevation. It adapts predictions based on the user's GPS location, ensuring accurate local forecasts. The latest update, dated April 3, 2026, includes corrections for magnitude values and various speed and stability optimizations.

Demonstrates the design and functionality of _uLog_, a Windows-based logging application for amateur radio operators. The resource details its core purpose as an easy-to-use logbook, emphasizing its streamlined interface that provides only the basic fields necessary for efficient QSO entry. It positions _uLog_ as a practical alternative to more complex logging software, catering to operators who prefer simplicity and speed in their logging workflow without an abundance of advanced features. The application's utility is highlighted by its focus on fundamental logging tasks, distinguishing it from comprehensive contest loggers or DX cluster clients. While not explicitly comparing it to other specific software, the description implies its niche for everyday logging rather than specialized operating events. Its design philosophy prioritizes quick data input, making it suitable for casual operating or for those who desire a minimalist approach to maintaining their station log.

Demonstrates the _RoMac Automatic CW Identifier 2012_ software, a Windows application designed to automate station identification and provide a tuning pulser. It can send CW identification via a sound card's audio output or by keying a radio's manual CW jack using a serial port's DTR line. The software also supports CAT commands for various Kenwood, Yaesu, Flex, and Elecraft radios, enabling automatic mode and frequency changes for ID transmission. It integrates with USB audio-capable radios like the Icom 7300 and Yaesu FT-991, simplifying connectivity with a single USB cable. The application features a fully programmable interface, adjustable CW speed from **5 to 35 WPM**, and ID intervals from **5 to 30 minutes**. The integrated "Pulse Tuner" function allows for safe amplifier and antenna tuner adjustments by sending short audio tones or rapid CW keying, with an adjustable duty cycle from 1% to 100%. It offers compatibility with a wide range of transceivers and amplifiers, and a schematic for a basic sound card interface is included for users without existing setups.

DStarQuery was written to provide a universal query mechanism for Icom D-STAR enabled radios with a low speed port.

Fifty-three digital modes, including PSK31, RTTY, and JT65, are explored in this resource, providing detailed descriptions of their underlying technologies and typical use cases. It covers error correction methods like ARQ in PACTOR and FEC in JT65, alongside modulation schemes such as FSK and PSK. The content highlights the evolution of digital communication from traditional TNC-based systems to modern sound card implementations, emphasizing the role of personal computers in advancing these modes. Specific modes like AMTOR, PACTOR, and G-TOR are discussed, noting their baud rates and error correction capabilities. For instance, AMTOR operates at 100 baud, while PACTOR offers 200 baud with Huffman compression. The article also delves into newer modes like MFSK16, which uses 16 tones and continuous Forward Error Correction, and Olivia, capable of decoding signals 10-14 dB below the noise floor. Each mode's bandwidth, speed, and resilience to propagation challenges are examined, such as MT63's 1 KHz bandwidth and 100 WPM rate, or Hellschreiber's 75 Hz bandwidth and 35 WPM text rate. The resource also lists predominant USA HF digital frequencies for bands like 160, 80, and 40 meters, specifying segments for PSK31, RTTY, SSTV, and Packet. It includes links to freeware and shareware sound card software such as Digipan, FLDigi, and MixW, enabling amateurs to experiment with these modes.

The 2200-meter band (135.7-137.8 kHz) presents unique challenges for amateur radio operators due to its narrow 2.1 kHz bandwidth, low signal levels, and high noise. W1TAG explores various transmission modes suited for this demanding environment, highlighting that traditional voice modes like SSB and AM are impractical. Plain old CW serves as the baseline, demonstrating effectiveness across different modes, though signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) significantly limits practical speeds. The article notes that reducing CW speed below 5 WPM can improve copy, especially with computer-aided spectrum analysis software capable of decoding signals too weak for human ear reception. QRSS, or "CW sent slowly enough that speeds are best expressed in seconds per dot," is a key mode for LF work, with examples ranging from 3 seconds/dot to extreme 240 seconds/dot transmissions. _Argo_ by I2PHD is mentioned as a simple program for QRSS, enabling reception of signals like BRO, a Part 15 beacon, at a distance of **1100 miles**. Other modes discussed include Dual Frequency CW (DFCW), which uses frequency shifts to distinguish dots and dashes, and Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), a phase modulation technique employing 0 to 180-degree phase flips. WOLF (Weak-signal Operation on Low Frequency), a specialized BPSK form by KK7KA, encodes 15-character messages into 960-bit packages, taking 96 seconds to transmit, and has demonstrated successful reception over **672 seconds** for a message from a 1-watt beacon. Further modes include PSK, FSK variations like JASON and MSK, and graphical modes such as Hellschreiber and Chirped Hell. The article concludes with a practical chart comparing the time required to send a simple message like "WD2XES FN42CH " across these diverse LF modes, offering valuable insights for operators planning contacts on the low bands.

High Speed Multimedia (HSMM) radio, as introduced by John Champa, K8OCL, represents a significant advancement in amateur radio's digital capabilities, moving beyond traditional keyboard modes like packet radio. This initiative, driven by ARRL's Technology Task Force, focuses on developing high-speed digital radio networks capable of up to 20 megabits per second. HSMM primarily facilitates digital voice (DV) and digital video (ADV), enabling real-time video transmission from emergency scenes to an EOC without expensive ATV gear, often requiring only a laptop, a PCMCIA card, a digital camera, and a small antenna. The working group's initial efforts concentrate on cultivating microwave skills within the amateur community to build and support portable and fixed high-speed radio-based local networking, or **RLANs**. These networks prove invaluable for RACES and ARES organizations, as well as homeland security and other emergency communications. Field Day exercises and simulated emergency tests (SETs) are encouraged to hone skills in rapid site surveys and deploying broadband HSMM microwave radio networks, with examples like linking Field Day logging stations or antenna test results at the Midwest VHF-UHF Society Picnic 2003. Getting started with HSMM often involves adapting off-the-shelf **IEEE 802.11** (WiFi) equipment to comply with amateur radio regulations, typically operating in the 2.4 GHz ISM bands. While consumer WiFi gear has range limitations under Part 15 rules, proper setup under amateur regulations can extend coverage significantly, with test networks like the Hinternet achieving 5-15 mile ranges at 54 M bit/s using small mast-mounted dish antennas. Careful selection of equipment with external antenna ports, high transmit power, and low receive sensitivity is crucial, along with using low-loss coaxial cable like LMR-400 for optimal performance at these frequencies.

Provides a robust logging solution for amateur radio operators across multiple operating systems, QLog simplifies the process of recording contacts and managing station data. It leverages the _Qt framework_ for its graphical user interface and stores all QSO information efficiently in a local SQLite database, ensuring data integrity and accessibility. This design choice supports a streamlined user experience for daily logging activities. QLog supports essential logbook functionalities, enabling hams to accurately document their two-way radio contacts. While not specifically designed for high-speed contest operation, it serves as a reliable tool for general amateur radio logging, allowing operators to maintain detailed records of their on-air achievements and station activities. Its cross-platform compatibility, including Linux, Windows, and macOS, makes it a versatile option for a wide range of amateur radio enthusiasts seeking a free and functional logging application. The project is a fork from _7h0ma5/QLog_, indicating a continued development path.

DXSPOTS is a Telnet connection program. It allows radio amateurs with a lot of DX traffic to know instantly the status of the bands and to know which DX are currently on the air. Following the Packet-Clusters where data was transmitted on VHF/UHF via dedicated relays and sometimes on HF at a very low speed (300Bds on HF), the Internet has taken over and is now transmitting DX information via the computers in most shacks. Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)

The _G3TSO_ Mobile Antenna Page details construction and tuning methods for mobile antennas operating across **10 to 160 metres**. The content describes a Hustler-based design, optimized for RF performance and vehicle speeds, featuring centre loading. For optimal operation on various bands, the loading coil placement requires clearance from the vehicle body. Antenna resonance is critical for efficient mobile operation. A mobile antenna's base impedance may be as low as 27 ohms, requiring specific matching to achieve maximum radiation, as a minimum SWR at the transmitter does not always indicate resonance or maximum output. Tuning involves physical adjustment of antenna length to achieve resonance at the operating frequency. The _G3TSO_ page outlines a tuning procedure utilizing a low-power signal source and a field strength meter to identify maximum radiation before impedance matching. Loading coil placement, either at the base, center, or top of the antenna, influences radiation efficiency and mechanical stability for mobile installations. Centre-loaded whips, such as the Hustler design, offer a compromise between efficiency and stability, often for single-band operation. Helically wound antennas, including those for **28 MHz**, may present base impedances around 17 ohms, resulting in a 3:1 SWR at resonance. Low resistance grounding at the antenna base is also specified for optimizing performance and minimizing RFI during mobile operation. DXZone Focus: Mobile | Any | Antenna Tuning | HF

The morsecodeworld.org web application provides an online Morse code decoder and encoder, facilitating real-time conversion between text and International Morse code. It supports adjustable transmission speed (Words Per Minute), sidetone frequency pitch (Hz), and output volume, allowing users to customize their learning and practice environment. The tool includes a quick reference chart for the Morse alphabet and focuses exclusively on International Morse, aligning with contemporary amateur radio licensing and on-air practices, distinguishing it from historical American Morse code. This web-based utility enables users to type text for encoding into Morse audio or paste Morse code for decoding into plain text, offering immediate feedback on timing and character spacing. It supports both visual and auditory learning by providing adjustable parameters for speed and tone. The platform is designed for self-assessment, encouraging users to practice copying and sending, and to identify and correct common errors in character recognition and timing.

The **Nilex Morse Tutor** is an HTML5 web application designed to teach Morse code reception, adapting to user proficiency by adding new characters as readiness is detected. It prioritizes practice on less familiar letters, numbers, symbols, words, and phrases, while minimizing repetition of already mastered elements. The program offers multiple learning orders, including "Q7ZG..." (Ward/Jim's), "KMRS..." (PU5EPX/Koch), "KMUR..." (lcwo.net), "AENT..." (CWops CW Academy), "TEAN..." (Stephen C Phillips), "ANET..." (Vic VE3YT), and "ETI5..." (Ham Whisperer), alongside an alphabetical option. Users can customize the learning experience by enabling or disabling automatic progression, and selecting specific content categories such as numbers, symbols, words, phrases, QSO bits, Ham Radio Bands, X+Y=Z math, and units. Audio settings are adjustable for volume, speed (WPM), tone frequency, and keyshape/keying envelope, allowing for a personalized auditory environment. The interface provides visual feedback with blue bars indicating practice emphasis and gray bars for reserved characters, with clickable bars for manual character selection. Developed by "Nosey" Nick Waterman, VA3NNW, this tutor is based on earlier versions by Jim Wilson and a 1977 QST article. A significant October 2019 rewrite incorporated a new WebAudio sound library by AwesomeAidenW, improving offline functionality and mobile support. The content library was expanded to include 3000 top Google words, 2284+ General Service List words, ISO country codes, capital cities, US states, Canadian provinces, UK counties, common names, periodic table elements, quotes, Q-codes, electronic components, ham abbreviations, and example call signs. The software is distributed under the GNU GPL V2 license.

This article focus on the radiation angle of vertical antennas and the fundamentals of electromagnetic wave propagation. The calculation of antenna length at 145 MHz is followed by an explanation of electromagnetic wave speed and the link between wavelength, frequency, and velocity. Author discusses the 5/8th wave vertical antenna, namely its performance and the influence of radiation angle on signal transmission. Figures and analogies demonstrate how different antenna types produce distinct radiation patterns. This highlights the importance of selecting the right antenna for a certain purpose, such as local traffic or dxing. The article discusses a variety of factors that affect antenna performance, including SWR, propagation conditions, and equipment dependability

The recognition of telegraphy masked by noise at 40 and 80 signs/min telegraphy speed was studied in 10 normal-hearing subjects at different sound pressure levels (25-85 dB SPL in steps of 5 dB) as well as at different test frequencies (2000, 1000, 800, 630, 500 and 250 Hz). The ability to recognize the signs varied with varying SPL. Recognition for most of the subjects was best at an SPL close to 70 dB. All subjects improved their recognition as the frequency was lowered to 500 Hz, some even at 250 Hz. These facts should be taken into consideration when training telegraphy operators as well as in the construction of radio receivers to permit listening at low frequencies. Furthermore, the critical ratio was calculated at the different test frequencies.

The Meshtastic documentation outlines critical LoRa configuration parameters for node operation, emphasizing regulatory compliance. It details settings such as Region, Modem Preset, Max Hops, Transmit Power, Bandwidth, Spread Factor, Coding Rate, and Frequency Offset. A comprehensive table provides region codes, frequency ranges (e.g., US **902.0 - 928.0 MHz**), duty cycles, and power limits (e.g., EU_433 **12 dBm**) for numerous countries, including the US, EU, China, and Japan, alongside a 2.4 GHz band option. It explicitly states that devices within a mesh must share identical _Region_ and _Modem Preset_ settings for full communication. Modem Presets, like _LONG_FAST_ (the default), optimize for either speed or range, directly impacting network congestion and message delivery delay. For instance, SHORT_TURBO offers the fastest speed and shortest range, while VERY_LONG_SLOW provides the longest range but is less reliable for mesh formation. The document also highlights specific duty cycle limitations, such as the 10% hourly limit for EU_433 and EU_868 regions, and provides command-line interface (CLI) examples for configuring these parameters.