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PDF article about a coaxial 1:1 balun, original concept by I4BBE using a quarter-wavelength and the three-quarter-wave adapting sections with the 50-Ohm coaxial cable by I0QM

Show diagrams, winding methods and tables of some 1:1 and 4:1 baluns for 1.8 - 30 MHz suitable for use up to 200W (400W peak) on systems using 50 or 75 ohm coaxial cable input where SWR should not exceed 1.6:1.

Notes on making the W2DU choke balun by placing several ferrite sleeves around a coaxial cable.

A cost effective current-mode 1:1 balun can be constructed from a length of coax and a rod typically used for a broadcast antenna loop-stick, some electrical tape, cable ties, a length of PVC water-pipe and some connectors.

The 30/40 meter **vertical antenna** project by IK4DCS details the construction of a shortened, self-supporting design, reaching a total length of 5 meters. The antenna incorporates a linear loading section and a coaxial cable trap for 30 meters, based on the "Antenne Volume 2°" text by Nerio Neri (page 223). The design uses six radials, three for each band, positioned at approximately 90° inclination and at least one meter above the roof or ground, connected via a 1:1 balun at the feed point. Mechanical construction utilizes aluminum tubing, with a 2.30-meter primary radiator section (30 mm diameter) joined to a second part using a Teflon insert and a PVC sleeve for rigidity. The linear load, approximately 3.70 meters long, accounts for a 30% physical shortening of the quarter-wave element. A capacitive load, made from three 50 cm radials, is integrated into the 40-meter top section for fine-tuning. Final adjustments involved radial inclination for 40 meters, as initial testing showed increased SWR and interference on 30 meters due to nearby resonant structures. The author emphasizes the importance of clear space for optimal performance and provides drawings and photos to clarify the build process.

One common challenge in antenna systems is mitigating common-mode current on the feedline, which can distort radiation patterns and introduce RF in the shack. This project details a 1:1 balun design that ingeniously avoids traditional ferrite beads, often a costly component, by substituting them with steel wool. The steel wool, when integrated into the balun's construction, effectively attenuates unwanted RF on the outer braid of the coaxial cable, ensuring that the antenna radiates efficiently and as intended. The construction involves winding coaxial cable through a PVC former, with the steel wool strategically placed to provide the necessary common-mode impedance. This method offers a practical and economical alternative for hams looking to build effective baluns without the expense or availability issues associated with ferrite cores. The design principles focus on creating a balanced feed to the antenna, crucial for optimal performance of dipoles and other balanced radiators. Experimentation with such designs can lead to improved field results, particularly for those operating with limited budgets or seeking innovative solutions for their antenna systems. The simplicity of using readily available materials like steel wool makes this a compelling build for many radio amateurs.

A 1:1 current balun by N5ESE

K4TR Manufacture and sell simple dipoles, half square 2 wire phased vertical arrays, end fed zepp antennas, G5RV antennas. 1:1 baluns

Magnetic longwire baluns 1:9 combined with ground, a 1:2 and 1:1 balun connections by ON6MU

An air cored 1:1 balun for 3.5 to 30.0 MHz

a neat 1:1 50 ohm balun for use on HF horizontal wire dipoles.

A model of a Guanella 1:1 VHF choke balun using a FT140-61 core

This article proposes a lossy transmission line model of a practical Guanella 1:1 balun that is effective for all frequencies within and immediately adjacent to the pass band

A 1:1 to 4:1 switchable balun by N1LO

RF Choke to prevent hf currents on the feedline or...1:1 Choke Balun, sometimes called the "UGLY BALUN"

About 1 to 1 current balun by Roy Lewallen, W7EL

Circuit diagrams to homebrew different baluns by vk2awx

Operating a ZS6BKW antenna often involves understanding its lineage from the _G5RV_ design, with specific modifications by ZS6BKW to optimize performance on several bands. Through computational analysis and field measurements, the antenna's dimensions were refined to allow operation on 10, 12, 17, 20, and 40 meters without an antenna tuner. For 80, 30, and 15 meters, a tuner is necessary, though efficiency on 30 and 15 meters is noted as not particularly high. The physical configuration consists of two 13.755-meter radiating elements fed by a 12.20-meter section of 450-ohm ladder line. Tuning the antenna on the 20-meter band is critical, and any deviation in the ladder line's characteristic impedance necessitates recalculating the element lengths. The design is also referenced in the 12th edition of _Rothammel's Antennenbuch_, page 219. Proper common mode current suppression is crucial at the transition from ladder line to coaxial cable. This can be achieved with a common mode choke, such as several turns of coax wound into a coil or over a ferrite toroid like an Amidon T130. While a 1:1 balun is an option, it may introduce issues.

A 1:1 current balun that offeres a almost flat swr curve from 1 to 30 MHz

The ZS6BKW antenna, a popular multiband wire antenna, offers improved band matching compared to the traditional G5RV. This construction guide details the process, beginning with specific dimensions: 13.11 meters (43 feet) for the 450-ohm ladder line and initial dipole arm lengths of approximately 14.8 meters each. It emphasizes the critical role of an _antenna analyzer_ for accurate tuning, particularly for determining the velocity factor of the ladder line and achieving a 1:1 impedance match. The article outlines the materials required, including a 1:1 current balun, 450-ohm window line, wire for the dipole arms, and a 50-ohm non-inductive resistor for testing. It provides a step-by-step procedure for cutting the ladder line to its electrical half-wavelength, explaining how to calculate the velocity factor using measured and free-space frequencies. For instance, a measured 50-ohm impedance at 12.54 MHz with a calculated free-space half-wavelength frequency of 11.44 MHz yields a velocity factor of 0.91. Final adjustments involve hoisting the antenna to its operational height and fine-tuning the dipole arm lengths to achieve optimal SWR, specifically targeting 14.200 MHz. The _ZS6BKW_ design is noted for its performance on 80m, 40m, 20m, 10m, and 6m, though it is not optimized for 15m operation. The author, _VK4MDX_, shares practical tips for durable construction using stainless steel wire and cable clamps.

Demonstrates the design and construction of a compact, portable multi-band mini-delta loop antenna, specifically optimized for /P (portable) operations from remote locations like Scottish islands. The resource covers the theoretical underpinnings of half-wave loops, contrasting closed and open configurations, and then details the application of a folded dipole principle to achieve a 50-ohm match for direct coax feed. It presents empirical formulas for calculating element lengths, considering the velocity factor of common wire types, and provides a detailed example for a 20m (14.175 MHz) version. The article includes a comprehensive table of dimensions and allowances for a five-band (20m, 17m, 15m, 12m, 10m) mini-delta beam, along with construction hints for the central support and balun. It specifies a 1:1 trifilar balun wound on a ferrite rod and describes the antenna adjustment process using an _MFJ-259B Antenna Analyser_. Initial test results indicate an SWR of 1:1 at resonance and a bandwidth of approximately 240 kHz on 20m, even at a low height of five feet above ground. The distinctive utility lies in its focus on a practical, easily deployable beam antenna for portable DXing, offering a viable alternative to more complex or larger arrays.

1:1 Ruthroff voltage balun using a T200-2 Toroid core

Optimizing a G5RV or ZS6BKW multiband wire antenna for HF operation often involves addressing common SWR issues and understanding feedline characteristics. This resource chronicles the construction and performance evaluation of a G5RV, initially built for 80m, 40m, 15m, and 10m bands, by a newly licensed Foundation operator. The author details the selection of materials, including 3.5 mm stainless steel wire for the doublet arms and enameled copper wire for the open-wire feeder, and the initial decision to omit a balun based on common online information. The narrative highlights the initial disappointing performance, characterized by high receive noise and poor signal reports on 80 meters, despite the transceiver's internal ATU achieving a 1:1 match. This led to experimentation with a coax current balun and further research into G5RV myths, such as SWR claims and the necessity of a balun. The author then describes modifying the antenna to the ZS6BKW configuration, which involves specific changes to the doublet and feedline lengths, and integrating a 1:1 current balun wound on a ferrite toroid. The modifications resulted in improved reception and transmit performance across the bands.

One point eight MHz to 30 MHz is the operational bandwidth for this 4:1 Ruthroff voltage balun, designed to interface an unbalanced T-Match network with a balanced antenna system. The project details the construction using a _T200-2_ powdered iron toroid core, tightly wrapped in PVC electrical tape for insulation, and wound with 17 double bifilar turns of 1.25mm enamelled copper wire. This outboard balun offers flexibility, allowing hams to trial various baluns based on antenna system and impedance characteristics, rather than integrating it directly into the tuner. The resource includes a schematic of the balun, a wiring diagram showing winding connections, and a table suggesting alternative toroid cores like the T80-2 or T400-2 with corresponding winding counts. Component sourcing is straightforward, listing items such as the _Amidon_ T-200-2 core, SO-239 connector, and a sealed polycarbonate enclosure from Jaycar. Performance evaluation was conducted using an _AIM 4170C_ antenna analyser, demonstrating efficient 1:4 voltage transformation across the specified HF spectrum. Further efficiency tests involved measuring RF power loss at various frequencies, revealing minimal loss—less than 0.7 dB from 3.6 MHz to 30 MHz, and only 2.0 dB at 1.8 MHz. These measurements, performed under ideal 50-ohm conditions, confirm the balun's effectiveness as a low-loss interface for multi-band antenna systems. The page also links to several other balun and unun projects, including 1:1 current and voltage baluns, and 9:1 voltage ununs, providing a broader context for impedance matching solutions.

Optimizing the ZS6BKW antenna for full HF band coverage often requires specific modifications beyond its standard configuration. This resource details several enhancements, beginning with a simple series capacitor to improve 80m SWR, a technique W5DXP found effective for permanent installation due to its minimal impact on higher bands. Further improvements include a 10-inch parallel open stub for 10m resonance, shifting the frequency to 28.4 MHz with an SWR of approximately 1.8:1, a practical solution for Technician class operators. The document then explores a switchable matching section, adding or subtracting one foot of ladder line at the 1:1 choke-balun, which significantly impacts higher frequency bands and eliminates the need for a tuner on 17m. W5DXP's _AIM-4170D_ antenna analyzer measurements confirm these effects. More advanced modifications involve a parallel capacitor for further 80m SWR reduction, requiring remote switching for multi-band operation, and relay-switched parallel capacitors at specific points on the 450-ohm matching section to achieve low SWR on 60m, 30m, and 15m. These detailed steps, including _Smith chart_ analyses for the challenging bands, aim to transform the ZS6BKW into a truly all-HF-band antenna, reflecting W5DXP's practical experience in antenna tuning.

Live DX spots are presented through a _web cluster_ interface, utilizing both a world map and a Google Maps display for visualizing amateur radio propagation. The system provides real-time spotting data, enabling operators to track active stations globally. Users can observe current band conditions and station activity, which is crucial for optimizing contact strategies across various amateur bands. The platform's utility extends to contest operations and general DXing, offering a visual representation of where stations are being heard. While the primary function is DX spotting, the site also includes technical articles, such as instructions for interlocking two Flex Radios for single-transmitter compliance in contests, and a guide for constructing a simple **5KW** 1:1 balun for **160m/80m** dipoles using RG400 cable. This combination of live data and practical technical content supports both operational awareness and station improvement.

Building a 1:1 balun, aka un-un, with an Amidon Ferrite toroid core T 200

A mini balun 1:1 4:1 project by WV0H

How to homemade a multi-band HF dipole using 100 meter of speaker wire, 2 strandsm including a homebrew 1:1 choke balun

Cushcraft A3S HF antenna 1:1 balun repair.

An interesting article on guanella baluns that cover several aspects of homebrewing 1:1 and 4:1 current baluns by KN9B

Presents a construction project for a 1:1 current balun, specifically detailing the _Sorbie Balun and Bottle Choke_ design. The resource outlines the winding technique, employing 4+4 turns of mini coaxial cable on a large ferrite core, and provides insights into the physical assembly. It includes specific material recommendations, such as the type of ferrite and coaxial cable, crucial for achieving the desired impedance transformation and common-mode current suppression. The content covers the practical steps involved in building the balun, from preparing the coaxial cable to securing the windings on the ferrite toroid. It also discusses the integration of the balun into an antenna system, emphasizing its role in maintaining pattern integrity and reducing RF interference in the shack. The resource offers a clear, step-by-step approach, making the project accessible for homebrewers. Illustrations and photographs accompany the text, visually guiding the builder through each stage of construction. The article concludes with performance expectations and considerations for deployment, ensuring the constructed balun functions effectively across the intended frequency range.

This EXCEL Program Worksheet calculates the common-mode impedance of a 1:1 Guanella (current) balun which is placed at the feed point of a balanced antenna system fed via coax.

The Linked Dipole is a multiband antenna designed for 80/60/40/30/20m bands, optimized for the (tr)uSDX low bands configuration. It incorporates a 1:1 Balun to prevent common mode currents, ensuring balanced operation with coaxial cable. The Balun, wound on an FT140-43 core, achieves 37-40dB attenuation. The design includes a 3D-printable housing for compactness and waterproofing, with labeled link insulators for ease of use. Wire lengths were meticulously adjusted for optimal performance with a 7m pole and 3m rope extension, ensuring the antenna's ends are off the ground for improved behavior. The project includes downloadable printables for DIY construction.

I happened to stumble across some antenna projects showing common mode chokes 1:1 baluns made of some turns of coax wound on T200-2 iron powder toroids.

Make your own dipole for 40 and 80 meters band, assembling standard product parts like 40 meter traps, the 1:1 balun and insulators

The UniBalun is a PCB for building a lightweight antenna transformer (Balun) or impedance converter (UnUn) for low power radios. By soldering jumpers and a toroid core, you can create a 1:1, 1:4 Balun or 1:49, 1:9 UnUn. The latest revision (1.2) includes improved pads and supports both BNC and SMA connectors. Build instructions are available for German speakers.

a 20M quarter-wave vertical antenna with a 6m telescopic mast, 1:1 balun, and spiral-wound driven element. Designed for QRP at 14.285 MHz, the antenna’s performance exceeded expectations, delivering low SWR and surprisingly quiet reception. Initial testing yielded successful contacts with European stations and EC1KR, showcasing its effectiveness. Compact and easy to deploy, the antenna promises to be an excellent portable solution for future hilltop operations.

This practical, hands-on article offers a valuable journey through balun construction for portable antenna systems. The author skillfully navigates from theoretical debates to practical implementation, providing a well-documented DIY process using RG316 micro coax and an FT114-43 toroid core. The step-by-step instructions, complemented by photographs, make this complex technical project accessible to hobbyists. Particularly impressive is the author's focus on lightweight design (just 173 grams) for SOTA field operations. While the final antenna requires minor tuning adjustments, the successful field test during the Pirate Contest demonstrates the effectiveness of this approach. An excellent resource that transforms theory into practical application for ham radio operators.

This comprehensive three-part guide examines baluns (balanced-to-unbalanced devices) and their critical role in ham radio antenna systems. The author explains how baluns prevent common-mode currents on feedlines, which can distort radiation patterns and cause unwanted RF in the shack. Various balun types are analyzed, including coiled coax chokes, ferrite-core designs (W2DU), and toroidal-wound versions (Guanella/Ruthroff). Construction techniques for 1:1, 4:1, 6:1, and 9:1 current baluns are provided with practical guidance on wire selection, winding methods, and ferrite core properties. The article emphasizes that proper balun implementation is essential for optimal antenna performance, especially with directional arrays.

A multi-band trapped dipole antenna working on 20, 40, 75 and 160 meters band. This project implement a 20 meter trap unadilla reyco KW-20, 40 meter trap Unadilla Reyco KW-40 and a HI-Q 1:1 balun feed.

A C-Pole Antenna for QRPxpeditions describes a DIY C-Pole antenna designed for QRP (low-power) expeditions, inspired by KF2YN’s ground-independent vertical model. After adjustments, it achieved a 1:1 SWR at 14.060 MHz, rising to 2.5:1 at 14.35 MHz. A choke balun, comprising 15 turns of RG8X around a 4” can, was essential for optimal performance. Compact and self-supporting, the antenna enables reliable communication with minimal setup. Contacts included stations across the U.S., and even a 4,600-mile connection to Spain using only 5 watts.

A cost-effective alternative to the Optibeam OB10-3W, a high-performance but expensive tri-band Yagi antenna for the 20, 17, and 15-meter bands. The original Optibeam, featuring three full-size elements on each band, delivers strong forward gain and front-to-back ratio but comes with a high price tag. To address this, a custom design was developed, offering similar performance at a fraction of the cost. Using accessible materials and a simple 1:1 current balun, the homemade version proved highly effective, making it a practical solution.

This project outlines a simple, cost-effective 40m band HF dipole antenna design, ideal for beginners. Constructed with insulated copper wire and a 1:1 balun, it offers a 50-ohm impedance, suitable for both 40m and 15m bands due to the harmonic relationship. Calculations account for a K factor, ensuring optimal length and performance. Antenna modeling with 4NEC2 confirms practical access to both bands, though real-world results may vary. Lightweight materials and straightforward assembly make it an accessible and versatile amateur radio solution.