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WSJT-X implements communication protocols including FST4, FST4W, FT4, FT8, JT4, JT9, JT65, Q65, MSK144, WSPR, and Echo. These modes facilitate reliable, confirmed QSOs under extreme weak-signal conditions. JT4, JT9, and JT65 utilize a nearly identical message structure and source encoding, employing timed **60-second** transmit/receive sequences synchronized with UTC. JT4 and JT65 are designed for EME on VHF/UHF/microwave bands, while JT9 is optimized for MF and HF, offering **2 dB** greater sensitivity than JT65 with less than 10% of its bandwidth. Q65 provides submodes with varying T/R sequence lengths and tone spacings, suitable for EME, ionospheric scatter, and weak signal operations on VHF, UHF, and microwave. FT4 and FT8 operate with T/R cycles of 7.5 and 15 seconds, respectively, supporting enhanced message formats for nonstandard callsigns and contest operations. MSK144 is engineered for Meteor Scatter on VHF bands. FST4 and FST4W target LF and MF bands, achieving fundamental sensitivities near theoretical limits for information throughput; FST4 is for two-way QSOs, and FST4W for quasi-beacon WSPR-style transmissions, without requiring the strict time synchronization of protocols like _EbNaut_. WSPR mode enables propagation path probing via low-power transmissions, incorporating programmable band-hopping. The **WSJT-X 2.7** General Availability release introduces the QMAP program, Q65 Pileup, SuperFox mode, a Hamlib update option, and a Message System. SuperFox mode transmits simultaneously to up to 9 Hounds with a constant envelope waveform, providing approximately +10 dB system gain compared to older Fox-and-Hound operations. _WSJT-X 2.7_ for _Windows_ platforms includes _MAP65 3.0_, a wideband polarization-matching tool for EME. The **WSJT-X 3.0.0-rc1** candidate release represents a major revision with new features, some ported from _WSJT-X Improved_. This software is available for _Windows 7_ and later (32-bit/64-bit), various Linux distributions (Debian, Ubuntu, Fedora, RedHat, Raspberry Pi OS), and macOS (10.13 through 15). DXZone Focus: Weak Signal | Digital Modes | WSJT-X | Windows

MMMonVHF maintains the data for 6m, 2m, 70cm and 23cm bands in collaboration to LA0BY. This site allow display of a beacon map and latest beacon spots.

This resource details the construction of a versatile CW/QRSS beacon, designed around a Microchip _PIC16F84_ microcontroller. The project provides a flexible platform for transmitting either standard CW or very slow QRSS signals, making it suitable for LF, VHF, UHF, and SHF applications. It supports two distinct messages, each configurable for speed (from 0 to **127** WPM for CW, or up to **127** seconds per dot for QRSS) and repetition within a six-phase sequence. The core functionality relies on the PIC's EEPROM, which stores all operational parameters, including message content, transmission speeds, phase configurations, and relay control settings. This design allows for parameter modification directly via programming software like _ICProg_ without altering the main program code. The project includes a detailed schematic, a component list, and an explanation of the EEPROM memory mapping for messages, speeds, phase settings, and inter-phase delays. General-purpose outputs (OUT1, OUT2, OUT3) provide dry relay contacts for external control, enabling functions such as power switching, antenna selection, or frequency changes. A 'TRIGGER' input facilitates controlled starts or continuous free-run operation. Sample EEPROM configurations illustrate how to program specific beacon sequences, including message content and relay states.

List of north america beacons transmitting on vhf and uhf bands compiled by WZ1V

The _Italian VHF Beacons_ resource provides a detailed listing of active and QRT amateur radio beacons operating across VHF, UHF, and SHF bands within Italy. Each entry specifies the beacon's callsign (e.g., IQ1SP/B), operating frequency (e.g., 144.411 MHz), QTH locator (e.g., JN44VC), effective radiated power (ERP) in watts, and antenna configuration (e.g., Big Wheel, 4x Dipole, Yagi). This data is crucial for radio amateurs involved in propagation studies, equipment testing, and long-distance (DX) communication on these higher frequency bands, offering fixed signal sources for monitoring. This compilation, last updated in October 2005, serves as a historical snapshot of Italian beacon activity. For instance, it lists several 144 MHz beacons with ERPs ranging from **0.1W** to **10W**, and higher frequency beacons such as I8EMG/B on 1296.880 MHz and I3EME/B on 24192.132 MHz. The inclusion of QRT (Quiet Radio Teletype) status for many entries indicates the dynamic nature of beacon operations over time. Users can utilize this information to identify potential signal sources for band openings or to calibrate their receiving equipment against known transmissions.

List of european vhf uhf beacons by G4URH

The North East Weak Signal Group (N.E.W.S.) website serves as the digital hub for an ARRL-affiliated regional club dedicated to _weak signal_ work across the VHF, UHF, and SHF spectrum, from 50 MHz up to light. It provides essential information for members and prospective enthusiasts, including the club's constitution and by-laws, details on officers and the board of directors, and a calendar of meetings and events. The site also features an application for membership, information on dues, and a membership roster, fostering a sense of community among its over 100 members. A significant feature of the site is its extensive archive of conference papers, including proceedings from the _Eastern VHF/UHF/Microwave Conference_ dating back to 2009. These papers cover a wide array of technical topics relevant to weak signal operations. The site also lists _50 MHz Beacons_ and _144 MHz and up Beacons_, along with links to other VHF and above resources, providing practical tools and knowledge for operators interested in pushing the boundaries of amateur radio communication.

With spectrum analysis of beacon signals, it's possible to see features relating to various propagation phenomonen.

A list mantained by I5WBE of all beacons based in italy

BeaconSpot.uk provides an accurate, real-time picture of microwave and VHF/UHF beacons operating across Europe, alongside a worldwide listing of 6-meter beacons. The platform allows users to retrieve detailed data for individual beacons, facilitating in-depth analysis of signal characteristics and propagation paths. Interactive maps visualize beacon distribution by frequency band and display spot coverage for each station, offering a clear geographical overview of active beacons. The system integrates real-time DXCluster spots, sourced from contributors like Alain, ON4KST, and Pascal, F5LEN, and enables users to submit outgoing spots directly to the DXCluster. Beacon keepers can manage their beacon data, receive email alerts upon being spotted, and track their station's ODX (Outstanding DX) records. For every received spot, the distance to the beacon is automatically calculated and displayed, aiding propagation studies.

The worlds oldest vhf-uhf beacon

UHF beacon from JN55VF italy 432,469.0 MHz

A list of HF VHF UHF Beacon list from New Zealand. All beacons from 20m to 3cm