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Large aurtralian radio frequency charts collection

Colorfull radio frequency spectrum allocations in the US, in PDF Format

Optimal Working Frequencies (MHz) for High Frequency (HF) / Shortwave Radio. By region, updated monthy.

Understanding high-frequency (HF) skywave propagation is crucial for amateur radio operators seeking to optimize long-distance communications. This resource details the fundamental principles of HF radio propagation, including the properties of electromagnetic waves, the characteristics of various HF bands, and distinct propagation modes such as skywave, ground wave, and line-of-sight. It places significant emphasis on the ionosphere's pivotal role in refracting HF waves, explaining how solar activity directly influences ionospheric conditions and, consequently, propagation paths. The resource integrates real-time monitoring capabilities, featuring dynamic charts and data from DX clusters, WSPRnet, and the Reverse Beacon Network, which allow users to track current band activity and propagation conditions globally. It also delves into advanced topics like Near Vertical Incidence Skywave (NVIS) and gray line propagation, providing insights into ionosonde data and various propagation prediction models. The site presents a detailed analysis of solar-terrestrial interactions, geomagnetic indices, and space weather phenomena, illustrating their direct impact on HF communication reliability. Practical tools and applications are highlighted, including real-time QSO planners, online Maximum Usable Frequency (MUF) maps, and alerts for solar flares or geomagnetic storms. The guide systematically breaks down complex concepts into accessible chapters, offering a structured approach to learning about ionospheric regions, diurnal and seasonal effects, and the interpretation of propagation indicators like foF2, MUF, and Lowest Usable Frequency (LUF). This makes it a robust reference for hams aiming to deepen their technical understanding and improve operational effectiveness.

Optimizing the ZS6BKW antenna for full HF band coverage often requires specific modifications beyond its standard configuration. This resource details several enhancements, beginning with a simple series capacitor to improve 80m SWR, a technique W5DXP found effective for permanent installation due to its minimal impact on higher bands. Further improvements include a 10-inch parallel open stub for 10m resonance, shifting the frequency to 28.4 MHz with an SWR of approximately 1.8:1, a practical solution for Technician class operators. The document then explores a switchable matching section, adding or subtracting one foot of ladder line at the 1:1 choke-balun, which significantly impacts higher frequency bands and eliminates the need for a tuner on 17m. W5DXP's _AIM-4170D_ antenna analyzer measurements confirm these effects. More advanced modifications involve a parallel capacitor for further 80m SWR reduction, requiring remote switching for multi-band operation, and relay-switched parallel capacitors at specific points on the 450-ohm matching section to achieve low SWR on 60m, 30m, and 15m. These detailed steps, including _Smith chart_ analyses for the challenging bands, aim to transform the ZS6BKW into a truly all-HF-band antenna, reflecting W5DXP's practical experience in antenna tuning.

Explore this high-resolution ITU Zones Map, a critical reference resource for amateur radio operators, international broadcasters, and telecommunications engineers. Originally established by the International Telecommunication Union – Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R) Broadcasting Services Division (1999), this chart accurately divides the globe into 90 specific CIRAF zones. This authoritative visual guide is indispensable for planning High Frequency (HF) radio propagation, scheduling international broadcasts, and verifying locations for radio contests and awards. Distinct from the 40 CQ Zones, the ITU zoning system provides the official administrative framework used for global frequency management. This digitally enhanced version ensures maximum clarity of zone boundaries and numbering (e.g., Zone 28 for Central Europe), making it an essential tool for technical accuracy in logbooks and station management. It serves as a trustworthy standard for educators, hobbyists, and industry professionals alike.

A chart presenting the results of impedance measurements made on a variety of common-mode choke implementations across the frequency range 1MHz to 30MHz by G3TXQ

Presents Eagle Stainless Tube & Fabrication as a certified distributor specializing in various tubing products essential for antenna construction and other amateur radio projects. It details their offerings, which include aluminum tubes in fractional, metric, and heavy wall specifications, alongside stainless steel bar stock in round, square, and flat profiles. The resource highlights the availability of a diameter sizing chart and direct contact options for specialists, indicating a focus on providing specific material dimensions and expert support for custom fabrication needs. The company emphasizes its role as a supplier of raw materials, crucial for hams engaged in DIY antenna builds or structural components for their shacks. Their inventory supports the precise mechanical requirements often encountered in radio frequency engineering, where material strength, weight, and corrosion resistance are critical design factors for outdoor installations. The site primarily serves as a product catalog and contact point for sourcing specialized metal tubing and bar stock, providing technical specifications and material grades relevant to robust amateur radio infrastructure.

Chart that present results of impedance measurements made on a variety of common-mode choke implementations across the frequency range 1MHz to 30MHz by G3TXQ

The resource provides coaxial cable attenuation data, listing signal loss in dB per 100 feet for various cable types across a frequency range from 1 MHz to 5.8 GHz. The initial table details attenuation for cables such as _RG-58_, _RG-8X_, and RG-213, with impedance values of 50 ohm or 75 ohm, at frequencies up to 1 GHz. For example, _RG-58_ exhibits **0.4 dB** loss at 1 MHz and **21.5 dB** loss at 1 GHz per 100 feet. A subsequent table expands on this data, including LMR series cables like _LMR-400_ and LMR-600, along with other types such as 9913F7 and RG214. This section covers frequencies from 30 MHz to 1,500 MHz, also noting the outer diameter of each cable. For instance, _LMR-400_ (0.405" diameter) shows **0.7 dB** loss at 30 MHz and 5.1 dB loss at 1,500 MHz per 100 feet. The final section focuses on VHF/UHF/Microwave amateur and ISM bands, presenting attenuation in dB per 100 feet (and meters) for frequencies including 144 MHz, 450 MHz, and 2.4 GHz. This table includes larger diameter hardline options like 1/2" LDF and 7/8" LDF, in addition to flexible coaxial cables. For example, 1/2" LDF cable demonstrates **0.85 dB** loss at 144 MHz and 6.6 dB loss at 2.4 GHz per 100 feet. DXZone Focus: Coaxial cable attenuation | LMR-400 | RG-58 | 5.8 GHz

The 2200-meter band (135.7-137.8 kHz) presents unique challenges for amateur radio operators due to its narrow 2.1 kHz bandwidth, low signal levels, and high noise. W1TAG explores various transmission modes suited for this demanding environment, highlighting that traditional voice modes like SSB and AM are impractical. Plain old CW serves as the baseline, demonstrating effectiveness across different modes, though signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) significantly limits practical speeds. The article notes that reducing CW speed below 5 WPM can improve copy, especially with computer-aided spectrum analysis software capable of decoding signals too weak for human ear reception. QRSS, or "CW sent slowly enough that speeds are best expressed in seconds per dot," is a key mode for LF work, with examples ranging from 3 seconds/dot to extreme 240 seconds/dot transmissions. _Argo_ by I2PHD is mentioned as a simple program for QRSS, enabling reception of signals like BRO, a Part 15 beacon, at a distance of **1100 miles**. Other modes discussed include Dual Frequency CW (DFCW), which uses frequency shifts to distinguish dots and dashes, and Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), a phase modulation technique employing 0 to 180-degree phase flips. WOLF (Weak-signal Operation on Low Frequency), a specialized BPSK form by KK7KA, encodes 15-character messages into 960-bit packages, taking 96 seconds to transmit, and has demonstrated successful reception over **672 seconds** for a message from a 1-watt beacon. Further modes include PSK, FSK variations like JASON and MSK, and graphical modes such as Hellschreiber and Chirped Hell. The article concludes with a practical chart comparing the time required to send a simple message like "WD2XES FN42CH " across these diverse LF modes, offering valuable insights for operators planning contacts on the low bands.

Zplots is an Excel application that allows you to plot impedance and related data obtained from a variety of sources. You can plot on both an XY chart and a Smith chart as well as view the data in tabular format. The XY chart can be customized with your choice of trace lines. Frequency (in MHz) is always shown on the X axis.

Enables Android users to operate various _miniVNA_ antenna analyzers via Bluetooth, USB, or Wi-Fi, providing a portable solution for RF measurements. The application supports full control over data acquisition, offering features like custom frequency range selection from 1 KHz to the VNA's full range, and automatic screen adaptation for diverse Android device resolutions. It facilitates intuitive, wizard-based calibration for both reflection and transmission modes, saving calibration data for different VNA types (Standard, Pro, Pro with Extender) to avoid repeated procedures. The software displays critical parameters such as SWR, |Z|, Return Loss, Phase, Rs, and |Xs| on 2-axis graphs or Smith charts, with multi-touch gestures for zoom and frequency shift. It includes a frequency generator mode with independent channels and attenuator control for the miniVNA Pro, along with a sweeper function. The cable data mode automatically calculates phase and loss, measures cable length from less than 1 meter to hundreds of meters, and includes a table of common coax cable velocity factors. An experimental X-tal mode measures resonance frequency, Rs, and Q. Data export options include CSV, ZPLOT, and S1P formats, with CSV import capability. The application also features an SM6ENG Audio mode for SWR tuning without visual reference and provides a miniVNA battery voltage indicator. It supports a wide frequency range, with the miniVNA Extender extending coverage up to **1500 MHz**. The application is compatible with Android version 2.2 and later, tested on devices like the _Galaxy TAB 7.7 P6800_.

The morsecodeworld.org web application provides an online Morse code decoder and encoder, facilitating real-time conversion between text and International Morse code. It supports adjustable transmission speed (Words Per Minute), sidetone frequency pitch (Hz), and output volume, allowing users to customize their learning and practice environment. The tool includes a quick reference chart for the Morse alphabet and focuses exclusively on International Morse, aligning with contemporary amateur radio licensing and on-air practices, distinguishing it from historical American Morse code. This web-based utility enables users to type text for encoding into Morse audio or paste Morse code for decoding into plain text, offering immediate feedback on timing and character spacing. It supports both visual and auditory learning by providing adjustable parameters for speed and tone. The platform is designed for self-assessment, encouraging users to practice copying and sending, and to identify and correct common errors in character recognition and timing.

This tutorial introduces and explains Smith Charts, and then gives an introduction to impedance matching. Smith Chart is a tool to visualize the impedance of a transmission line and antenna system as a function of frequency.

Presents an interactive online **Moxon antenna designer** tool, enabling radio amateurs to configure and analyze lightweight Moxon antennas for HF and VHF bands. Users can specify design frequency, element lengths, wire diameter, insulation, and support height. The tool visualizes the antenna in interactive 3D graphics and generates comprehensive performance charts, including azimuth, elevation, 3D, and polarization radiation patterns, VSWR charts, antenna current diagrams, and Smith charts. It also allows selection of various ground types (e.g., very poor soil, salt water, free space) to model environmental effects on antenna performance. The designer provides insights into how physical dimensions and ground conditions influence key antenna parameters like forward gain, front-to-back ratio, and feed-point impedance, which is typically close to 50 ohms. It also includes a feature to model the effect of coaxial cable losses on **VSWR** at the transmitter end, distinguishing it from the feed-point VSWR. This helps operators understand the actual radiated power efficiency versus the apparent match at the transceiver, offering a practical perspective on antenna system performance in portable operations.

Learn how to design a Hentenna antenna, a portable asymmetrical double-loop antenna ideal for amateur HF or VHF bands. This page provides details on constructing and optimizing the antenna for maximum performance in DX communications. Discover how altering the antenna's vertical feed section can adjust the VSWR resonant frequency and how changing the support pole's position can alter the beam direction. Originally developed by Japanese 6-meter operators, the 'Hentenna' offers a unique design that allows for horizontal polarization when vertically oriented. Explore radiation patterns, VSWR charts, and antenna currents diagrams to optimize your antenna's performance for long-distance contacts.

Operating a web-based DX cluster, this resource presents real-time amateur radio DX spots, facilitating contact logging and propagation analysis. It leverages the Spiderweb platform, offering users the ability to filter DX spots based on various criteria, including inclusion and exclusion rules. The interface integrates directly with QRZ.com for immediate callsign lookups, displaying flag icons for geographical context, and provides charts and statistics derived from spot data. Further enhancing its utility for DXers and contesters, the cluster includes direct links to MUF (Maximum Usable Frequency) maps and HamQSL solar condition reports. These external data sources provide critical propagation insights, assisting operators in making informed decisions about band selection and operating times. The service also offers Telnet access at dxc.sv5fri.eu:7300 for those preferring a command-line interface.