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WSJT-X implements communication protocols including FST4, FST4W, FT4, FT8, JT4, JT9, JT65, Q65, MSK144, WSPR, and Echo. These modes facilitate reliable, confirmed QSOs under extreme weak-signal conditions. JT4, JT9, and JT65 utilize a nearly identical message structure and source encoding, employing timed **60-second** transmit/receive sequences synchronized with UTC. JT4 and JT65 are designed for EME on VHF/UHF/microwave bands, while JT9 is optimized for MF and HF, offering **2 dB** greater sensitivity than JT65 with less than 10% of its bandwidth. Q65 provides submodes with varying T/R sequence lengths and tone spacings, suitable for EME, ionospheric scatter, and weak signal operations on VHF, UHF, and microwave. FT4 and FT8 operate with T/R cycles of 7.5 and 15 seconds, respectively, supporting enhanced message formats for nonstandard callsigns and contest operations. MSK144 is engineered for Meteor Scatter on VHF bands. FST4 and FST4W target LF and MF bands, achieving fundamental sensitivities near theoretical limits for information throughput; FST4 is for two-way QSOs, and FST4W for quasi-beacon WSPR-style transmissions, without requiring the strict time synchronization of protocols like _EbNaut_. WSPR mode enables propagation path probing via low-power transmissions, incorporating programmable band-hopping. The **WSJT-X 2.7** General Availability release introduces the QMAP program, Q65 Pileup, SuperFox mode, a Hamlib update option, and a Message System. SuperFox mode transmits simultaneously to up to 9 Hounds with a constant envelope waveform, providing approximately +10 dB system gain compared to older Fox-and-Hound operations. _WSJT-X 2.7_ for _Windows_ platforms includes _MAP65 3.0_, a wideband polarization-matching tool for EME. The **WSJT-X 3.0.0-rc1** candidate release represents a major revision with new features, some ported from _WSJT-X Improved_. This software is available for _Windows 7_ and later (32-bit/64-bit), various Linux distributions (Debian, Ubuntu, Fedora, RedHat, Raspberry Pi OS), and macOS (10.13 through 15). DXZone Focus: Weak Signal | Digital Modes | WSJT-X | Windows

Antenna Scatterers Analysis Program, is a Free general purpose antenna analysis software program for numerical electromagnetic antenna design, modeling and analysis. Source code and windows executables are available to download.

WSJT-X, a creation of K1JT, offers specialized digital protocols meticulously optimized for challenging propagation paths such as EME (moonbounce), meteor scatter, and ionospheric scatter. This software excels at VHF/UHF frequencies, and also provides robust performance for LF, MF, and HF DXing, enabling contacts far below the audible threshold. The program decodes signals from ionized meteor trails and steady signals more than 10 dB below the audible threshold, a testament to its advanced digital signal processing. It integrates nearly all popular features from its predecessors, WSJT and WSPR, while adding comprehensive rig control and numerous other enhancements for the serious weak signal operator. Available for Windows, Linux, and Mac OS X, WSJT-X is an open-source project, allowing hams worldwide to download the latest versions and engage in cutting-edge weak signal communication.

Some tens of very special audio files recorded during amateur radio activities like aurora traffic, meteor scatter, communications with ISS crew and the sound of various transmission modes that you can hear on HF and VHF bands

DXMaps.com presents a dynamic, real-time mapping service for amateur radio DX spots, integrating data from traditional DX clusters, _PSK Reporter_, and WSPR networks. The platform visually plots global QSO and SWL activity, enabling users to observe propagation conditions across various bands, from 2200m to >450 MHz. It offers distinct overlays such as the magnetic equator, gray line, moon footprint for EME, and VOACAP propagation predictions, providing a comprehensive view of radio wave behavior. The service allows granular filtering of displayed spots, including options to show only DX-Cluster data, PSK Reporter activity, or WSPR signals. Users can refine the map view by selecting specific bands (e.g., 160m, 20m, 6m, 2m), limiting spots to the last 15 minutes, or displaying only contacts exceeding **2600 km**. Additional features include the ability to toggle grid squares, aurora forecasts, and various amateur radio zones (CQ, ITU). Distinctively, the resource updates automatically every minute, ensuring current propagation intelligence without manual refresh. It also supports specialized views for EME, ionospheric scatter, and aircraft scatter, alongside FM DX and APRS activity. The platform emphasizes the importance of accurate locator information in DX spots to enhance data quality and offers a user manual and FAQ for guidance.

MultiKeyer is a dedicated computer keying program designed for amateur radio operators engaging in specialized operating activities such as Earth-Moon-Earth (EME) and Meteor Scatter, as well as general contest operations. It provides distinct modes for both CW and Phone transmissions, enabling automated message sequencing and playback of pre-recorded audio files. The software's interface shares a similar "look and feel" to the popular WSJT Meteor Scatter/EME program, facilitating ease of use for operators familiar with that platform. For CW operations, MultiKeyer offers an EME Auto mode for sending timed messages crucial for EME and Meteor Scatter, alongside a Contest mode that handles automatic CQ calls and preprogrammed messages. On the Phone side, it features a Sequenced Phone mode for transmitting prerecorded .wav files during Meteor Scatter events and an Auto Phone mode for contest use. The program leverages serial COM ports for CW and PTT signaling, and the soundcard for .wav file playback, with configurable PTT interrupt options. MultiKeyer integrates with TRX-Manager for PTT and CW keying, and can send callsigns for logging. It also supports WSJT-style "callsign.txt" files for lookups and adheres to the SO2R protocol for parallel port connections. Designed for Windows 98 and NT, it generally functions on Windows 95, ME, XP, and 2000, requiring a 133 MHz Pentium-class processor.

Moon bounce EME, meteor scatter and weak signal operations, introduction by ARRL.

Ham radio dealer in Valencia Spain

10GHz Rainscatter audio files

50 MHz meteor scatter offers a unique opportunity for amateur radio operators to make long-distance QSOs, even when the band appears dead. Meteor scatter involves reflecting radio waves off the ionized trails left by meteors burning up in the upper atmosphere, typically around 105 km high. These trails can facilitate contacts over distances up to approximately 2,300 km. The technique is particularly effective during meteor showers, which increase the number of meteors and thus the chances of successful QSOs. However, random meteors can also be used to achieve contacts, especially on the 50 MHz band, where the longer reflection time compared to 144 MHz makes it easier to work meteor scatter. Operators should be prepared to make QSOs in short bursts, often lasting only a few seconds. The IARU Region 1 meteor scatter procedure recommends using 2.5-minute periods for telegraphy and 1-minute periods for SSB, though shorter periods can be arranged. For 50 MHz SSB, 15-second timing is often used to maximize the chances of completing a contact. The procedure involves specific timing for transmissions based on direction and requires both operators to confirm receipt of callsigns and reports to complete a QSO. Understanding the geometry of meteor scatter, including the optimal radiation angles and the concept of 'hot spots,' is crucial. These hot spots are areas where reflections are most likely to occur, influenced by the Earth's rotation and the path of the meteors. Proper antenna setup, including elevation control and beam direction, can significantly enhance the chances of successful meteor scatter QSOs.

Dedicated to 50MHz and 144MHz. Online 2m and 6m logs. Real Audio sound clips of Tropo, Aurora, Sporadic E, Meteor Scatter, TEP and F2 Propagation.

The Meteor Scatter tips and tricks described here are based upon more than 20 years of active MS operation

The DK5YA Vhfdx Site is dedicated to the serious VHFDXer, serving the Web for more than 5 years for all of those working Aurora, Meteorscatter, FAI, EME, Tropo, TEP etc. on 50 MHZ and up.

Meteor scatter, gives quick view over meteor scatter and scatter events on vhf, lists email addresses of vhf radio amateurs qrv in meteor scatter

HSCW/WSJT meteorscatter/path simulator a first attempt at trying to model meteorscatter events and simulate their transmission characteristics

Troposcatter, 50 MHz meteor scatter, ground gain for eme, radiation angle, by OZ1RH

Concentrating on VHF DX, Aurora, Meteorscatter, TEP, Sporadic E, EME, VHF DXpeditions. Daily updates.

This resource provides a unique historical audio archive of 50 MHz DX contacts, documenting significant F2 and Es propagation events experienced by PA2S (formerly PA2HJS) since 1978. The collection includes recordings of beacons and two-way QSOs with stations across North America, South America, Asia, Australia, Europe, and Africa. Specific entries detail contacts with rare DX entities such as ZS6PW, VE1AVX, C5AEH, J52US, TR8CA, LU8MBL, VK8ZLX, and various Japanese stations, often noting the mode (SSB or CW) and propagation type. The archive also highlights challenging pile-up situations and frustrating near-misses during major openings. The recordings, initially in RealAudio format for solar cycles 21 and 22 and later in MP3 for cycle 23, offer a practical illustration of 6-meter band conditions over several solar cycles. The content allows hams to listen to actual signals from different continents, observing signal characteristics like typical TEP fading from 5H3RA or strong F2 backscatter from OZ1BVW. It provides a comparative perspective on propagation effectiveness between solar cycles, noting that cycle 23, while not as robust as previous cycles, still yielded interesting openings. The archive serves as a valuable educational tool for understanding real-world 50 MHz DXing and propagation phenomena.

Eme meteorscatter Aurora Fai Tropo Tep and more about VHF

Tips and tricks to start working Meteorscatter with WSJT. Author: PE1AHX

The MMMonVHF database, curated by DL8EBW, currently lists 63,455 entries for VHF operators, providing a searchable resource for locating stations active on 144 MHz and higher bands. Operators can register their callsigns to be included, with specific criteria such as participation in _MS_ (Meteor Scatter), _WSJT_ modes, or _EME_ (Earth-Moon-Earth) operations required for inclusion in the `call3.txt` file. This resource facilitates VHF DX expeditions and contest planning by allowing users to identify potential contacts within a geographical area. The database supports various VHF/UHF operating modes, including those focused on weak signal propagation. Statistical data regarding the database entries is also presented, offering insights into the distribution of registered VHF activity.

Improve your Grid Totals by W4VHF

High speed meteor scatter and contest information

High Speed Meteor Scatter (HSMS) e-mail reflector

Meteorscatter, Tropo, Es

A summary, overview or tutorial covering the basics of Meteor Scatter or Meteor Burst Communications, a form of radio signal propagation often used at VHF.

Dubus article about DL6WU long yagi antennas for 23 cm band Article is both in german and english. Yagi antennas are valid alternative to dishes for troposcatter operations. This article explains design and mechanical data for 1296 MHz Yagi Antennas

WSJT New Software for VHF Meteor-Scatter Communication QST Article December 2001 by K1JT

Introduction to troposcatter or tropospheric scatter propagation using the troposphere

The original SurplusEQ.com domain, once a hub for amateur radio operators and electronics enthusiasts seeking test equipment, meters, and various high-tech components, has been repurposed. Historically, such platforms facilitated the acquisition of essential gear for shack setups, antenna analysis, and general electronics work, often providing cost-effective alternatives to new retail purchases. The site's previous focus on "test equipment, meters, testers" directly supported the technical aspects of the hobby, from RF measurements to circuit diagnostics. Currently, the domain points to a gambling platform named "SEMUTWIN," offering online slot games, live casino options, and other digital wagering activities. This shift represents a complete departure from its former identity as a resource for surplus electronics and amateur radio-related equipment. The content now features game titles like "Sweet Bonanza Super Scatter" and "Gates of Olympus Super Scatter," alongside promotional offers for online gaming.

Software for Aircraft Scatter Prediction. Extend your capabilities on VHF-/UHF-SHF bands even when you live in an unprivileged location and Calculate a propagation path between two stations and follow the aircrafts in real time

Virgo is originally designed to serve for meteorscatter propagation purposes in amateur radio. Maintained by Bastian, DB1BM, and Alexander, DL8AAU. Virgo is a projection of the sky visible at your location. Different to other astronomical sky views, there are no stars displayed, but the radiants of current meteor showers.

Using RadioMobile to evaluate Meteor Scatter DX-pedition sites

Aircraft Scatter Sharp is a windows application to calculate and assist airscatter operations. Real-time capture and display of plane position data derived from internet plane servers, highlighting of aircraft near the ideal position for scatter, Real-time estimation of Doppler shift and its rate of change.

Operating on Airplane scattering. Scattering of radio signals by airplanes. An introduction to operating ariplane scattering, using aircraft to redirect RF that would otherwise be lost in space. Antenna Pointing, Doppler Shift/Digital Modes, using digital modes to operate airscatter.

Aircraft scatter is easily seen on the spectrogram window of digital communication apps, when you know what to look for. Examples of real aircraft scatter usage on six meters band

Showing aircraft scatter reception in action.

QSO Procedure for Airplane Reflections, Reporting system and procedure, confirmation procedure and requirements for a complete QSO

Aircraft can also be used to increase communications range, by using Aircraft Scatter

SNASharp is a free software application designed to work with scalar network analyzers compatible with NWT software from DL4JAL. It is used to measure and analyze the scattering parameters (S-parameters) of microwave devices. Provide several measurements and analysis tools including Smith chart, Polar plot, S-parameter tables, Transmission line calculator

Getting started with Aircraft scatter, defined as the process of scatter radio waves of the body of a traveling aircraft in order to enhance the distance possible to bridge on VHF, UHF and microwaves. The ACS path, Equipment requirement and Operating techniques

Learn about noise blankers in the FT-817 transceiver, why they may not work, and how to repair them. Follow the repair guide provided to improve your radio's performance, especially for activities like Meteor Scatter. Written by EA4EOZ, an amateur radio electronic enthusiast, this page offers valuable insights for hams looking to enhance their equipment.

Swan provides a real-time, browser-based visualization of **meteor radiants** and forward scatter corridors, serving as a modern re-imagining of the classic Virgo meteor sky visualization tool. It displays meteor radiant and radio scatter geometry, offering both visual and numerical skyview data. The tool updates in real-time, showing current sky conditions and allowing users to pause and review specific timeframes for analysis of meteor shower activity and potential radio propagation paths. This enables operators to identify optimal windows for **meteor scatter** contacts. Operators can utilize Swan to predict and optimize their meteor scatter DX attempts by understanding the geometry between their station, meteor radiants, and potential receive stations. The interface presents critical data points for assessing forward scatter opportunities, which is crucial for maximizing short-duration meteor burst communications. By observing the real-time skyview, users can correlate meteor activity with observed signal enhancements, refining their operating strategies for specific meteor showers or random meteor pings.