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WSJT-X implements communication protocols including FST4, FST4W, FT4, FT8, JT4, JT9, JT65, Q65, MSK144, WSPR, and Echo. These modes facilitate reliable, confirmed QSOs under extreme weak-signal conditions. JT4, JT9, and JT65 utilize a nearly identical message structure and source encoding, employing timed **60-second** transmit/receive sequences synchronized with UTC. JT4 and JT65 are designed for EME on VHF/UHF/microwave bands, while JT9 is optimized for MF and HF, offering **2 dB** greater sensitivity than JT65 with less than 10% of its bandwidth. Q65 provides submodes with varying T/R sequence lengths and tone spacings, suitable for EME, ionospheric scatter, and weak signal operations on VHF, UHF, and microwave. FT4 and FT8 operate with T/R cycles of 7.5 and 15 seconds, respectively, supporting enhanced message formats for nonstandard callsigns and contest operations. MSK144 is engineered for Meteor Scatter on VHF bands. FST4 and FST4W target LF and MF bands, achieving fundamental sensitivities near theoretical limits for information throughput; FST4 is for two-way QSOs, and FST4W for quasi-beacon WSPR-style transmissions, without requiring the strict time synchronization of protocols like _EbNaut_. WSPR mode enables propagation path probing via low-power transmissions, incorporating programmable band-hopping. The **WSJT-X 2.7** General Availability release introduces the QMAP program, Q65 Pileup, SuperFox mode, a Hamlib update option, and a Message System. SuperFox mode transmits simultaneously to up to 9 Hounds with a constant envelope waveform, providing approximately +10 dB system gain compared to older Fox-and-Hound operations. _WSJT-X 2.7_ for _Windows_ platforms includes _MAP65 3.0_, a wideband polarization-matching tool for EME. The **WSJT-X 3.0.0-rc1** candidate release represents a major revision with new features, some ported from _WSJT-X Improved_. This software is available for _Windows 7_ and later (32-bit/64-bit), various Linux distributions (Debian, Ubuntu, Fedora, RedHat, Raspberry Pi OS), and macOS (10.13 through 15). DXZone Focus: Weak Signal | Digital Modes | WSJT-X | Windows

WSJT-X, a creation of K1JT, offers specialized digital protocols meticulously optimized for challenging propagation paths such as EME (moonbounce), meteor scatter, and ionospheric scatter. This software excels at VHF/UHF frequencies, and also provides robust performance for LF, MF, and HF DXing, enabling contacts far below the audible threshold. The program decodes signals from ionized meteor trails and steady signals more than 10 dB below the audible threshold, a testament to its advanced digital signal processing. It integrates nearly all popular features from its predecessors, WSJT and WSPR, while adding comprehensive rig control and numerous other enhancements for the serious weak signal operator. Available for Windows, Linux, and Mac OS X, WSJT-X is an open-source project, allowing hams worldwide to download the latest versions and engage in cutting-edge weak signal communication.

Some tens of very special audio files recorded during amateur radio activities like aurora traffic, meteor scatter, communications with ISS crew and the sound of various transmission modes that you can hear on HF and VHF bands

WXtoImg is a freeware advanced APT (NOAA, Meteor) and WEFAX (GOES, Meteosat) weather satellite decoding program for Windows, Linux, and MacOS X

Program to demodulate NOAA, Okean, Meteor 3-5 and Resurs signals without the bent verticals resulting from WXSat.

Icom PCR 1000 at NASA Marshall Space Flight Center monitoring meteor signals on 67.3 mhz.live.

MultiKeyer is a dedicated computer keying program designed for amateur radio operators engaging in specialized operating activities such as Earth-Moon-Earth (EME) and Meteor Scatter, as well as general contest operations. It provides distinct modes for both CW and Phone transmissions, enabling automated message sequencing and playback of pre-recorded audio files. The software's interface shares a similar "look and feel" to the popular WSJT Meteor Scatter/EME program, facilitating ease of use for operators familiar with that platform. For CW operations, MultiKeyer offers an EME Auto mode for sending timed messages crucial for EME and Meteor Scatter, alongside a Contest mode that handles automatic CQ calls and preprogrammed messages. On the Phone side, it features a Sequenced Phone mode for transmitting prerecorded .wav files during Meteor Scatter events and an Auto Phone mode for contest use. The program leverages serial COM ports for CW and PTT signaling, and the soundcard for .wav file playback, with configurable PTT interrupt options. MultiKeyer integrates with TRX-Manager for PTT and CW keying, and can send callsigns for logging. It also supports WSJT-style "callsign.txt" files for lookups and adheres to the SO2R protocol for parallel port connections. Designed for Windows 98 and NT, it generally functions on Windows 95, ME, XP, and 2000, requiring a 133 MHz Pentium-class processor.

Moon bounce EME, meteor scatter and weak signal operations, introduction by ARRL.

METEOR v 4.0 DOS and COLORGRAMME Specialized software in the detection and registration of echoes radio products by meteors shower (falling star) at the time of their gone in atmospheric

50 MHz meteor scatter offers a unique opportunity for amateur radio operators to make long-distance QSOs, even when the band appears dead. Meteor scatter involves reflecting radio waves off the ionized trails left by meteors burning up in the upper atmosphere, typically around 105 km high. These trails can facilitate contacts over distances up to approximately 2,300 km. The technique is particularly effective during meteor showers, which increase the number of meteors and thus the chances of successful QSOs. However, random meteors can also be used to achieve contacts, especially on the 50 MHz band, where the longer reflection time compared to 144 MHz makes it easier to work meteor scatter. Operators should be prepared to make QSOs in short bursts, often lasting only a few seconds. The IARU Region 1 meteor scatter procedure recommends using 2.5-minute periods for telegraphy and 1-minute periods for SSB, though shorter periods can be arranged. For 50 MHz SSB, 15-second timing is often used to maximize the chances of completing a contact. The procedure involves specific timing for transmissions based on direction and requires both operators to confirm receipt of callsigns and reports to complete a QSO. Understanding the geometry of meteor scatter, including the optimal radiation angles and the concept of 'hot spots,' is crucial. These hot spots are areas where reflections are most likely to occur, influenced by the Earth's rotation and the path of the meteors. Proper antenna setup, including elevation control and beam direction, can significantly enhance the chances of successful meteor scatter QSOs.

FREE specialized software in the detection and registration of echoes radio products by meteors shower, falling star, at the time of their gone in atmospheric. They are destined to all possessors of a radio and a computer, interested parties by this simple technique of radioastronomy.

Echos of USAF (Formally NAVSPASUR) radar signals reflected off of meteor trails received at Roswell, New Mexico

Professional & amateur observations

Decoding NOAA APT weather satellite images is achieved with a homebrew receiver and a Turnstile Cross Dipole antenna, feeding data to a Pentium-3 500MHz PC running Windows XP and the WXTOIMG program. This setup, operated by VU2IIA in Mumbai, India, focuses on capturing and processing signals from NOAA satellites to generate visual weather data. The blog documents the technical aspects of constructing the receiving station, including antenna design and receiver integration. It provides insights into the practical challenges and successes of amateur satellite reception, specifically for Automatic Picture Transmission (APT) signals. Operational details cover the software configuration and image processing workflow necessary to transform raw satellite data into usable weather imagery. The content serves as a practical guide for radio amateurs interested in satellite meteorology.

Dedicated to 50MHz and 144MHz. Online 2m and 6m logs. Real Audio sound clips of Tropo, Aurora, Sporadic E, Meteor Scatter, TEP and F2 Propagation.

The Meteor Scatter tips and tricks described here are based upon more than 20 years of active MS operation

The DK5YA Vhfdx Site is dedicated to the serious VHFDXer, serving the Web for more than 5 years for all of those working Aurora, Meteorscatter, FAI, EME, Tropo, TEP etc. on 50 MHZ and up.

Meteor scatter, gives quick view over meteor scatter and scatter events on vhf, lists email addresses of vhf radio amateurs qrv in meteor scatter

HSCW/WSJT meteorscatter/path simulator a first attempt at trying to model meteorscatter events and simulate their transmission characteristics

Troposcatter, 50 MHz meteor scatter, ground gain for eme, radiation angle, by OZ1RH

Concentrating on VHF DX, Aurora, Meteorscatter, TEP, Sporadic E, EME, VHF DXpeditions. Daily updates.

IMO was created in response to an ever growing need for international cooperation of meteor amateur work. Radio Observations.

Eme meteorscatter Aurora Fai Tropo Tep and more about VHF

NOAA HRPT - High Rate Picture Transmission, the main source of high quality data from polar orbiting meteorological satellites

Tips and tricks to start working Meteorscatter with WSJT. Author: PE1AHX

The MMMonVHF database, curated by DL8EBW, currently lists 63,455 entries for VHF operators, providing a searchable resource for locating stations active on 144 MHz and higher bands. Operators can register their callsigns to be included, with specific criteria such as participation in _MS_ (Meteor Scatter), _WSJT_ modes, or _EME_ (Earth-Moon-Earth) operations required for inclusion in the `call3.txt` file. This resource facilitates VHF DX expeditions and contest planning by allowing users to identify potential contacts within a geographical area. The database supports various VHF/UHF operating modes, including those focused on weak signal propagation. Statistical data regarding the database entries is also presented, offering insights into the distribution of registered VHF activity.

Spanish only website with mail list and meteor showers reports.

An article describing how to homebew a VHF 4 elements Yagi antenna.

Improve your Grid Totals by W4VHF

High speed meteor scatter and contest information

High Speed Meteor Scatter (HSMS) e-mail reflector

Meteorscatter, Tropo, Es

specialize in trading Russian vacuum tubes used in broadcasting, amateur radio, Hi-Fi audio, meteorology, communication, medical applications and industr

A portable decoder for METEOR M weather satellite LRPT signal, available for windows and Linux

A summary, overview or tutorial covering the basics of Meteor Scatter or Meteor Burst Communications, a form of radio signal propagation often used at VHF.

WSJT New Software for VHF Meteor-Scatter Communication QST Article December 2001 by K1JT

Virgo is originally designed to serve for meteorscatter propagation purposes in amateur radio. Maintained by Bastian, DB1BM, and Alexander, DL8AAU. Virgo is a projection of the sky visible at your location. Different to other astronomical sky views, there are no stars displayed, but the radiants of current meteor showers.

Accurate meteorological data is crucial for optimizing antenna performance, predicting propagation, and ensuring safe tower work. This resource provides a curated inventory of weather stations, including models like the _AcuRite Atlas_ with lightning detection and the _Ambient Weather WS-2902_ WiFi Smart Weather Station, which offer real-time data on environmental factors. The product listings detail specific features such as direct-to-Wi-Fi connectivity, rainfall tracking, and temperature insights, enabling informed decision-making for various amateur radio operations. The platform categorizes products by application, featuring weather stations tailored for home and backyard use, as well as more robust systems for farm and agriculture, which can be critical for field day operations or remote station monitoring. It also highlights _Made in USA_ options, emphasizing local manufacturing and support. Beyond weather instruments, the site also presents related surveillance technology, such as the _Waggle solar CCTV camera_, designed for outdoor reliability with an IP65 weatherproof rating. This integration allows for comprehensive monitoring of remote ham radio shacks or antenna sites, combining environmental data with visual oversight.

Sound recordings of meteors and things reflecting TV station video carriers , frequencies used are analog TV video carrier frequencies offset by 1 kHz SSB

Using RadioMobile to evaluate Meteor Scatter DX-pedition sites

Information related to the G7IZU Radio Reflection Detection page. The detection of meteors, aurora and other phenomena through the use of signals reflected from ionization in the upper atmosphere.

The DIY 137 MHz WX SAT V-dipole antenna project details the construction of a specialized antenna for receiving weather satellite transmissions. It provides specific dimensions for the dipole elements, designed for optimal reception around the 137 MHz band, which is commonly used by NOAA and Meteor weather satellites. The resource outlines the materials required, such as aluminum tubing for elements and PVC for the support structure, along with the necessary coaxial cable and connectors. The article presents a clear, step-by-step assembly process, including how to form the V-shape and connect the feedline. It emphasizes practical considerations for mounting and weatherproofing the antenna for outdoor deployment. The design focuses on simplicity and effectiveness for amateur radio operators interested in satellite imagery. Key aspects include the precise angle of the V-dipole and the lengths of the radiating elements, which are critical for achieving the desired circular polarization response for satellite signals. The resource includes photographic documentation of the construction phases and the final mounted antenna.

The Meteor-M N2 is a polar orbiting Russian weather satellite that was launched on July 8, 2014. Its main missions are weather forecasting, climate change monitoring, sea water monitoring/forecasting and space weather analysis/prediction. Meteor-M N2 transmits images using the digital LRPT protocol at around 137.1 MHz with can be received with an RTL-SDR.

The Weather Fax plugin for OpenCPN allows you to directly open image files or decode audio faxes into images. With easy calibration, these images can be overlaid on charts. It supports image conversion in Mercator, polar, conic, and uniform coordinates and can transform any image into a raster chart. Additionally, it includes a built-in database for HF radio fax stations via SSB and another for retrieving data from meteorological websites.

Doppler Whistles from Meteor Trails, few hams know that meteors can be spotted without leaving the operating room. Identifying Meteor-Trail Reflections, Shooting Stars, Why the Meteors Whistle

Protect your radio tower and solar charged battery power supply by sending the correct Morse code transmissions. Tap out alphanumeric characters in Morse code to prevent your radio station from being destroyed by the Morse code meteor attack! Meteors may be destroyed in any order. All levels start with a fully charged battery. Each DIT uses 1% battery power. Each DAH uses 3% battery power. Your battery charges at a nominal rate of 1% every 5 seconds, and total charge increases by 1% for every correct Morse code transmission. In addition, you have two solar panels that each contribute 1% to the battery charge rate. If your solar panels are destroyed, there are no replacements for that game. When your battery runs low, an SOS prosign bonus appears. Destroy this entity to recharge your battery.

The resource details HF time broadcast stations, categorizing them into "Standard Frequency & Time Signal Broadcast" and "Time Signal Broadcast" types. Standard Frequency & Time Signal Broadcasts, like those on **2.5 MHz** and **5 MHz**, originate from official time observatories and offer continuous standard frequencies, time signals, and often voice announcements, potentially including meteorological data. These stations operate in the SW band. Time Signal Broadcasts also provide continuous time signals, typically with voice announcements, but without the strict observatory origin requirement. The list includes specific frequencies such as 3.33 MHz, 4.996 MHz, 7.85 MHz, 9.996 MHz, 14.67 MHz, 14.996 MHz, 15.006 MHz, and 20 MHz, alongside the primary standard frequencies. Each entry specifies the station's ID time, call sign, geographic coordinates, and operational notes, including languages like _English_, Chinese, Portuguese, Korean, and Spanish. Some entries also indicate decommissioning dates, such as the station on 3.33 MHz scheduled for 2026-06-22.

Swan provides a real-time, browser-based visualization of **meteor radiants** and forward scatter corridors, serving as a modern re-imagining of the classic Virgo meteor sky visualization tool. It displays meteor radiant and radio scatter geometry, offering both visual and numerical skyview data. The tool updates in real-time, showing current sky conditions and allowing users to pause and review specific timeframes for analysis of meteor shower activity and potential radio propagation paths. This enables operators to identify optimal windows for **meteor scatter** contacts. Operators can utilize Swan to predict and optimize their meteor scatter DX attempts by understanding the geometry between their station, meteor radiants, and potential receive stations. The interface presents critical data points for assessing forward scatter opportunities, which is crucial for maximizing short-duration meteor burst communications. By observing the real-time skyview, users can correlate meteor activity with observed signal enhancements, refining their operating strategies for specific meteor showers or random meteor pings.

Learn about noise blankers in the FT-817 transceiver, why they may not work, and how to repair them. Follow the repair guide provided to improve your radio's performance, especially for activities like Meteor Scatter. Written by EA4EOZ, an amateur radio electronic enthusiast, this page offers valuable insights for hams looking to enhance their equipment.