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Demonstrates the construction of a **multi-band HF mobile antenna** utilizing a modified CB whip antenna base. The resource details the process of stripping a commercial CB whip, winding a new helical coil with 0.7mm insulated copper wire, and identifying tapping points for various HF bands. It emphasizes the importance of a rugged, slim design for mobile operation, discussing mechanical length, power handling (up to 200 watts), and coil diameter considerations. The article includes a graphic illustrating the antenna's operational principle, where sections of the helical coil are shorted from bottom to top to maintain efficiency and high Q. The resource presents a practical approach to achieving **band switching** without an external tuner, by manually adjusting tapping points on the coil. It provides a table with reference lengths in centimeters from the feedpoint for 7 MHz (40m) through 28.7 MHz (10m), including WARC bands. The author details mounting techniques, suggesting a Diamond bracket for secure attachment to a vehicle trunk, and stresses the critical role of proper grounding for optimal performance. The design allows for operation on 75m and 80m bands by adding a 110mm steel whip.

A home made J-Pole antenna for 50 MHz. This article describes how to build a J-Pole antenna for the 6-meter amateur radio band. It's a good choice for those who want an antenna with better performance than a simple wire dipole, but at a lower cost than buying a commercial antenna. The project requires soldering copper pipes and some specific materials, but can be built in a day

Copper Cactus multiband J-Pole antenna

Sixty-four years of operating experience inform Glynn E. "Buck" Rogers Sr., K4ABT's, insights into the J-Pole antenna, which he describes as a direct descendant of the _Windom_ or _ZEPP_. His first article on the J-Pole appeared in HRC magazine in 1958, and he has since published numerous pieces in publications like CQ Magazine, consistently referring to the J-Pole as a Windom with a folded-back short section forming the parasitic element. He emphasizes that both the Windom and J-Pole are powerful multi-band antennas, performing exceptionally well at harmonics of their fundamental design frequency, and advocates for 50-ohm coaxial cable with a _BALUN_ at the feed-point to avoid RF energy losses. K4ABT details the J-Pole's features, noting its ease of erection, lack of radials, low angle radiation, greater bandwidth, and immunity to terrestrial noise. He highlights its suitability for local nets and distant repeaters, claiming more gain and durability than most ground planes, and its ability to meet stealth antenna requirements. The guide provides specific dimensions for 2-meter (145.000 to 146.000 MHz) and 6-meter (50.500 to 51.500 MHz) J-Pole antennas, including measurements for the long driven element, short tuning stub, and spacing. The construction section illustrates a modified feed technique using an SO-239 chassis-mount coax connector soldered into a copper tee, deviating from the usual hose clamp method. The author also discusses the use of _EMT_ (electrical metallic thin-wall conduit) as an alternative to copper in earlier days. He cautions against building a 75-meter J-Pole due to its impractical length, reinforcing the antenna's optimal application for VHF and UHF bands.

Demonstrates the construction of **magnetic loop antennas**, detailing both multi-turn and single-turn designs. It covers a 30-inch diameter multi-turn loop for 80 meters, based on a February 1996 QST article, and an octagon single-turn loop made from 15mm copper tube with a 4.8-meter circumference, operating from 7 MHz to 14 MHz. The document also presents a smaller 800mm diameter loop for 14 MHz to 28 MHz, emphasizing the importance of high-voltage tuning capacitors. Covers the design and construction of custom **butterfly capacitors** and piston capacitors, including a split stator capacitor with 140 pF capacitance and a 6000 Volt rating, and a butterfly capacitor with 5-65 pF and 7200 Volt rating. It explains why butterfly capacitors are preferred over split stator types for high power applications due to lower losses and direct series connection of rotors, reducing resistive losses from wiper contacts. Material recommendations include clear PVC for plates and brass or stainless steel for non-magnetic hardware. Addresses practical considerations such as feeding the loop with a shielded 1/5 Faraday loop made from RG213 or RG8 coax, achieving VSWR 1.1 across bands, and optimizing its placement 180° from the capacitor. It also discusses mechanical joint resistance, dissimilar metal oxidation prevention using Vaseline, and a simple method for determining radiation angle with a TL-light tube. The guide includes diagrams for rotor, stator, and end plate construction.

Alan Cobra Uniden President Galaxy and more microphone wiring diagrams

A 1/4 wavelength resonator design for dual-band VHF/UHF operation is presented, focusing on a robust mobile antenna construction. The design prioritizes stability against environmental influences over raw gain, making it suitable for general use rather than marginal signal areas. It details the antenna's two sections: a UHF-resonant lower conductor and an upper coil functioning as an RF choke for UHF and an inductance enhancer for VHF, forming a resonant circuit. Detailed mechanical structure and material considerations are provided, including the use of a PL-259 plug base, 2mm copper rod, and PVC faucet tube for the coil form. The guide outlines a precise construction procedure, from soldering the copper rod to the PL-259 to winding the 22 SWG laminated wire for the VHF section. Tuning involves careful cutting of the UHF section and adjusting the coil length and pitch for VHF, using a reflectometer and temporary ground planes. Furthermore, the resource describes converting the mobile antenna for base station application by constructing a dual-band ground plane system. This involves using electrical conduit, EMT connectors, SO-239 sockets, and a 4-inch round-pan with threaded stainless steel rods as ground elements. Practical test results indicate optimal lengths of **70mm** for UHF and **350mm** for VHF ground elements, with a recommendation to cut rods with _30mm_ extra length for fine-tuning.

The HB9ABX mobile HF antenna, developed by _Felix Meyer_, offers a high-performance alternative to commercial mobile antennas for 80 through 10 meters. Constructed from fiberglass rods and enamelled copper wire, this design incorporates a loading coil with multiple taps, allowing for band-specific tuning. The article provides detailed instructions for winding the coil, connecting the antenna elements, and integrating it with a vehicle's chassis ground. Field tests conducted at 100W consistently showed the HB9ABX antenna outperforming a HUSTLER mobile antenna by up to **10 dB** (1 S-point) and a YAESU ATAS-100/120 by **18 dB** (2-4 S-points) across distances from 5 km to 1000 km. The design emphasizes a robust ground connection and the use of an antenna tuner, such as an _MFJ-901B_, for optimal SWR on all bands, particularly 40 and 80 meters. Initial adjustment involves setting whip length and coil tap positions to achieve resonance without a tuner, followed by fine-tuning with the tuner during operation. Specific measurements are provided for checking resonance on 21.0 MHz and 14.2 MHz, with precise turn counts for the lower (79 turns) and upper (120 turns) antenna sections. Safety precautions for handling fiberglass dust are also highlighted.

The boomless quad antenna is a unique design that offers versatility for amateur radio operators. This antenna consists of two half-wave dipoles arranged in a square or circular shape, allowing for both vertical and horizontal polarization depending on the feed point. The design facilitates easy installation and rotation, making it suitable for various operating conditions. The construction utilizes strong materials, such as bamboo, and incorporates waterproofing techniques to enhance durability. This project outlines the necessary dimensions and materials, including copper wire and insulators, to successfully build the antenna. It emphasizes the importance of tuning each radiator element for optimal performance. The boomless quad is particularly effective across multiple HF bands, including 14 MHz, 21 MHz, and 28 MHz. By following the detailed instructions, operators can achieve a reliable and efficient antenna setup that enhances their DXing and contesting capabilities.

The page describes two types of 2 meter J-Pole antennas, one made of copper pipe and a roll-up J-pole made of TV twin lead, providing dimensions, components, and construction details. It is authored by Dr. Carl O. Jelinek N6VNG.

Here is a 70cm (440 Mhz) J-Pole antenna that is inexpensive, and easy to build. Author use 1/2 inch copper pipe, and the associated fittings necessary. The dimensions aren't typical however, this is what it took to get its SWR low.

2 meters copper tube antenna, tested with an Icom IC-V8000

This article describes how to make a quadrifilar helix (QFH) antenna easily, from inexpensive materials: uPVC plumbing pipe and RG-58U co-axial cable. A low-cost, easy-to-build Quadrifilar Helix (QFH) antenna for weather satellite reception using uPVC plumbing pipe and RG-58U coaxial cable. Unlike traditional designs requiring copper pipe and plumbing skills, this approach enables construction with basic tools and minimal technical expertise. The antenna's shorter, wider proportions favor higher elevation angles, reducing interference from horizon-level pager transmitters. Electrical connections are simplified at the antenna's apex, with the coaxial cable forming the radiating elements. Testing demonstrated consistent signal strength throughout satellite passes, proving effective weather satellite reception is achievable without precision engineering to sub-millimeter tolerances.

The G3TPW CobWebb antenna design provides a compact, horizontally polarized, omni-directional solution for 20m, 17m, 15m, 12m, and 10m bands. This antenna utilizes five full-size half-wave dipoles, each bent into a square configuration to achieve omni-directional radiation without the nulls typically found in straight dipoles. The design incorporates a single 50-ohm coaxial feedline with an integrated air-core choke balun, minimizing feeder radiation and reducing EMC issues. Construction details include using PVC-covered multi-stranded copper twin cable for elements, supported by a fiberglass cross. The document specifies tapping points for impedance matching to 50 ohms on all five bands, ensuring high radiation efficiency without lossy traps or loading coils. Physical dimensions are compact, with 2.6-meter (8.5 feet) sides and a total weight of 6 kg (14 lbs), making it suitable for mounting on a 20-foot aluminum scaffold pole. Detailed instructions for assembling the junction box, including terminal strip wiring and the coaxial choke balun, are provided with photographs and diagrams. The design emphasizes a confined electric field to reduce coupling to nearby conductors, which helps mitigate TVI and makes the antenna less sensitive to mounting height or ground conductivity.

Types of beverage wires, choose best supports and insulators, multiple antennas at one feedpoint, all well documented with photos and exaustive explanation. This article offers insights on building Beverage antennas for optimal reception. Key takeaways include using strong wire (copperweld or electric fence), proper termination, and a good grounding system (multiple copper rods). The author recommends maximizing antenna length and orienting it towards desired stations. For best results, utilize an antenna tuner and experiment with termination resistors.

For amateur radio operators utilizing _APRS_ or requiring an external antenna for their GPS receiver, this resource details the construction of a compact, circularly polarized mobile antenna. The design is based on a classic turnstile configuration, employing two dipoles rotated 90° from each other and spaced a quarter-wavelength above a ground plane. A parallel-plate transmission line, fabricated from printed circuit board material, serves as both the connection method and mounting post for the dipoles, simplifying the feed network for circular polarization at 1.57542 GHz. The article outlines the fabrication process, starting with a 4-inch diameter hobby tin or brass base plate and #14 solid copper wire elements. It specifies using _RG-58/U_ or similar 50-ohm coax, with an 8-foot maximum length to minimize loss at the GPS frequency. The parallel-plate transmission line is constructed from two 2-inch lengths of single-sided _FR-4_ or G10 PCB material, 0.062-inch thick, with a specific 45° microwave turn cut on the active side. Final assembly involves an 8-ounce cream cheese container as a radome, and the article discusses the self-phased quadrature feed method to achieve circular polarization without a coaxial phasing line, resulting in an omnidirectional pattern suitable for GPS satellite reception.

Conejo Valley Amateur Radio Club, article edited by Rory Eikland, KG6HCU and Ken Larson, KJ6RZ, they have had excellent experience building and using J-Pole antennas, and share their experience on planning VHF and UHF Jpole antennas.

This drawing shows a simple 10 meter wire J-pole antenna designed for 28.4 MHz. It is a vertical, end-fed Zepp-style antenna made from common materials and intended for easy home construction. The main radiating element is a straight length of stranded copper wire, either 14 or 18 gauge, cut to about 16.5 feet. At the top, the wire is supported by an insulator, allowing the antenna to be hoisted vertically. The matching section is made from 450-ohm ladder line, approximately 7 feet 9.5 inches long, and shorted at the bottom. This matching stub transforms the impedance so the antenna can be fed with coaxial cable. The feed point is tapped about 6 inches above the bottom of the stub, with the shield and center conductor connected at the proper points. A choke balun is formed with five turns of RG-58 coax in a 4-inch diameter loop to help reduce unwanted RF on the feed line. The drawing notes that this antenna has about 0 dBd gain, similar to a dipole, but offers an omnidirectional pattern and low-angle radiation when installed high. Its main advantage is practical performance, simple construction, and effective coverage for 10 meter operation.

The 20-meter homebrew **Moxon antenna** project by 9Y4DD, Dave, details the construction of a 14 MHz directional antenna using readily available and repurposed materials. Initial SWR readings at 6 feet were 1.2 at 14.000 MHz, 1.4 at 14.350 MHz, and 1.1 at 14.175 MHz, with a subsequent increase of 0.1 on all frequencies when raised to 15 feet. The design adheres to specifications provided by L.B. Cebik (W4RNL). Key components include a discarded domestic water pump pressure tank as the center mounting bracket, 1/2-inch PVC conduit for spreaders, and 1/2-inch CPVC hot water pipe inserts to enhance rigidity. The total weight of the antenna is 12.625 pounds, with a material cost of U.S.$36.63. The spreaders are 165 inches from the center, utilizing 2.5mm sq. stranded copper wire for the elements. Dave's design incorporates hexagonal 'spider webs' of waxed twine to stabilize the flexible PVC spreaders, addressing initial issues with wind-induced movement. Separators cut from 3/16-inch Plexiglas maintain an 8.6-inch element spacing. The antenna demonstrated effective DX contacts with Europe from Trinidad, showing improved noise reduction compared to an inverted V.

Primarily CB-oriented, but a source for microphones, scanners and other items for Amateurs.

Homebrew a j-pole 2mt and 70 cm antenna project. Make it cheap. This article includes homebrewing instructions, parts lists, tools needed and printable documentation.

The resource provides detailed information about a five-band indoor magnetic loop antenna designed for amateur radio operators. This antenna is capable of operating on the 20, 17, 15, 12, and 10 meter bands, making it a versatile choice for various HF communications. Constructed from a single 3-meter length of 22 mm copper tube, the design emphasizes compactness and efficiency, which is particularly beneficial for operators with limited space. The page includes insights into the construction process, tuning, and operational tips, catering to both novice and experienced users. In addition to the technical specifications, the resource also discusses the advantages of using a magnetic loop antenna indoors, such as reduced interference and improved performance in urban environments. It serves as a practical guide for those interested in building their own antenna, offering a straightforward approach to antenna design and construction. Overall, this resource is a valuable addition to the toolkit of amateur radio enthusiasts looking to enhance their station with an effective indoor antenna solution.

A simple dual band VHF UHF jpole antenna Projects by Dale Kubichek

Demonstrates the construction and performance of an updated ZS6BKW multiband dipole, a variant of the _G5RV_ antenna, specifically designed for HF operation. The article details a real-world installation using 13.5m copper wire elements and 12.2m of 450 Ohm ladder line, configured as a sloping inverted-V with the apex at 10m and ends at 4m above ground. It covers the critical aspect of impedance matching, incorporating an 8-turn choke balun at the feedline transition to RG-58U coax to mitigate RF common mode current. Measurements confirm favorable SWR readings below **1.3:1** on 7.1 MHz, 14.11 MHz, 18.06 MHz, and 24.8 MHz, indicating effective resonance across 40m, 20m, 17m, and 12m bands. The installation also shows usable SWR dips on 3.55 MHz (5:1), 29.02 MHz (2:1), and 50.84 MHz (3:1), extending its utility to 80m, 10m, and 6m with an antenna tuning unit. Initial on-air results report clear reception of stations over **5000km** away, validating its DX potential.

The KD6WD Moxon Antenna Project details the construction of 50-ohm two-element wire beam antennas, specifically Moxon rectangles, for the 10, 15, 17, and 20-meter bands. It utilizes AC6LA's software for critical measurement calculations (A-E) based on center frequency and wire size. Construction involves 16-gauge silver-coated copper wire, 16-foot telescoping fiberglass crappie fishing poles as spreaders in an "X" configuration, and various hub designs including aluminum tubing or PVC joints. A 1:1 current balun is used at the feedpoint, with wire nuts for connections, often achieving a 1:1 SWR across the design band. The project highlights practical applications, such as running a kilowatt into the antennas for greyline DX contacts, consistently yielding excellent signal reports. Comparisons to quad loops show 4 to 5 S-unit improvements in both receive and transmit. The Moxon design, according to L.B. Cebik's analysis, offers superior forward gain and front-to-back ratio among wire beams. The author notes a "DX-Vane" effect where a freely suspended Moxon automatically points to the strongest DX signal. Attempts at dual-band operation (17/20 meters) with a single feed were unsuccessful, reinforcing the Moxon's monoband nature, with EZNEC plots provided for a 17-meter Moxon at 30 feet.

Selecting an appropriate antenna system for shortwave broadcasting involves evaluating various types based on performance, cost, and operational parameters. This resource details the critical specifications for broadcast antennas, including average and peak power ratings, directivity, takeoff angle (TOA), horizontal beamwidth, and gain, emphasizing that a 100-kW transmitter requires an antenna rated for 150 kW average and 400 kW peak. It clarifies that low TOA signals travel thousands of kilometers, while high TOA is for local coverage, and nearly all modern shortwave broadcast antennas are horizontally polarized. The article explores specific antenna types, such as Log-Periodic Antennas (LPAs), which offer wide frequency ranges (e.g., 2-30 MHz) and directional patterns with 11 dBi gain, costing from $20K to over $100K for multi-curtain versions. Dipole arrays, also known as curtain antennas, are prevalent in international broadcasting, featuring steerable beams (±15° and ±30°) and mode-switching capabilities to alter TOA, with high/low pairs costing over $1 million. Fan dipoles are noted for omnidirectional patterns, smaller size, and lower cost for low-power applications, while rhombics, though simple, require resistive termination and incur several dB of I2R losses. Balun considerations are crucial, as most communications baluns are not rated for the higher average and peak powers of AM broadcast transmitters. Modern shortwave antennas utilize durable materials like Alumoweld wire rope for radiators and support elements, avoiding copper, fiberglass, or materials prone to stretching or deterioration. Feeder systems for high-power stations often require tapered-line baluns to convert 50-ohm unbalanced power to 300-ohm balanced for connection to the antenna.

A 70 MHz Moxon rectangle antenna, built with 0.83mm enamelled copper wire and a lightweight fiberglass kite spar frame, offers a compact two-element beam solution for the 4-meter band. This design, originally for HF, scales effectively to VHF, reducing the antenna's width to approximately 75% of a half-wavelength while allowing direct coaxial cable feeding. The author, G6GVI, details the construction process, including the use of an automated design tool for precise dimensions. Initial field testing revealed a VSWR of approximately 1.3, with distinct nulls observed at 90 degrees when the antenna was mounted horizontally. The lightweight build, supported by a wooden block and U-bolt for mast attachment, makes it suitable for thinner mast sections. Further experimentation included testing with vertical polarization and considering its potential for indoor loft installation due to its relatively short major axis, offering a discreet option for urban hams.

In this eHam article you will find parts list and dimension sheet for a 2m square dipole, made from copper plumbing fittings and 1/2 inch copper water pipe.

A 10-meter J-Pole antenna, detailed in QST February 1950, offers a straightforward solution for hams operating with restricted space. This design, originally presented by W1BLR, is a **half-wave radiator** fed by a quarter-wave matching stub, providing a low-angle radiation pattern beneficial for DX. The article describes building the antenna from readily available materials like copper pipe, emphasizing its simplicity and effectiveness for **single-band operation**. The J-Pole's inherent design provides a good impedance match to 50-ohm coaxial cable without the need for an external tuner, a significant advantage for portable or minimalist stations. Its nondirectional pattern ensures coverage in all directions, making it a versatile choice for general operating on the 28 MHz band. The construction plans are clear, allowing even those with basic workshop skills to assemble a functional antenna.

So you want to build a Beverage Antenna. This article offers insights on building a two-wire Beverage antenna for better reception. Key points include using long wire (at least a wavelength, ideally two), keeping it straight and away from vertical conductors, and sloping ends for noise reduction. The author recommends copper clad wire and mentions transformer design considerations for later discussion.

All copper J-Pole antennas for sale. 6 meter, 2 meter, 222 MHz, 440 MHz, LPFM, Marine, GMRS. Includes a construction plan in pdf format if you wish to build your own antenna.

The resource details the construction and performance of a dual-band 40/30 meter _Moxon_ antenna, evolving from an initial single-band 30-meter design that failed in a storm. It specifies materials such as four 10-meter fishing rods, galvanized iron TV antenna support pipes, 1mm diameter PVC-covered copper wire, and a piece of 75-ohm TV satellite cable for feedline. The document outlines the iterative design process, including initial resonance measurements of 9.9 MHz for 30 meters and subsequent recalculations to shift the center frequency by 300 kHz using _Moxon software_. Initial testing on a roof yielded SWR readings of 1.4:1 at 7.200 MHz and 1.5:1 at 10.280 MHz. After installation atop a 30-meter tower, the final SWR measurements were 1.1 at 7.130 MHz and 1.4 at 10.230 MHz, with a notable 30 dB front-to-back ratio on 40 meters. The 30-meter performance, while good, showed a front-to-back ratio of approximately 15 dB, suggesting a slightly high resonance. The antenna's placement on a 700-meter hill, with a significant ground drop in certain directions, is noted as a potential factor in its excellent DX performance, enabling daily contacts with the USA West Coast on 30 and 40 meters with 100 watts.

F6EZX presents a detailed account of constructing a compact, multi-band _Levy antenna_ for portable holiday operations, specifically addressing issues with local QRM from a previous _Deltaloop_ setup. The article outlines the design criteria, including multi-band operation on 40m, 30m, 17m, 15m, 12m, and 10m, a symmetrical configuration to reduce interference, and a low take-off angle for DX. Construction involves 2x 10.3m radiating elements and a 15.3m open-wire feeder (ladder line) with 7cm spacing, made from 1.5mm2 copper wire and foam pipe insulation spacers. Theoretical calculations, referencing F9HJ's "_Les antennes Levy_" book, guide the determination of element lengths and feeder impedance characteristics, aiming for a good match across bands with a commercial antenna tuner. Initial field tests with the _VCI Vectronics VC300DLP_ tuner showed a 1:1 SWR from 80m to 10m, with some difficulty on 17m. The antenna, mounted as a 45-degree slopper with the high point at 12m, successfully facilitated DX contacts to South America, particularly Chile and Argentina, suggesting a lower take-off angle compared to the previous Deltaloop which favored Brazil. The Levy antenna significantly reduced TVI/RFI, attributed to its improved symmetry and greater distance from the QRA. While signal reports on 15m and 20m were 1-2 S-points lower than the Deltaloop, its performance on 40m and 30m was comparable, fulfilling the design goals for a portable, low-cost, multi-band solution.

The ARRL ANTENNA Vol 5 COMPENDIUM features an article detailing two portable 6-meter antennas: a 2-element quad and a 3-element Yagi with telescoping elements. The 2-element quad exhibits a measured gain of **4.2 dB** over a dipole, while the 3-element Yagi achieves **5.8 dB** over a dipole. Both designs prioritize ease of construction and rapid assembly/disassembly for portable operations. Specific dimensions are provided for a 3-element 6-meter quad using #14 bare copper wire. The reflector element diameter is 6.2958 meters, the driven element 6.125 meters, and the director 5.8547 meters. Element spacing is 0.9398 meters between reflector and driven, and 1.1684 meters between driven and director. The SWR is under _1.26:1_ from 50 to 50.4 MHz, with a feed point impedance of 48.75 -j0.13 Ohms at 50.2 MHz, suitable for direct 50 Ohm coax feeding with a current _balun_.

WA2UGT X-beam antenna for 17 meters band

Constructing a **2-meter** J-pole antenna from readily available copper plumbing components offers a robust and cost-effective solution for VHF operation. This design, dubbed the "Plumber's Delight," functions essentially as a half-wave dipole fed by 50-ohm coax via a **gamma match**. It incorporates a quarter-wave copper tubing support, which, when affixed to a metal mast or tower, enhances forward power in the direction of the radiating elements. The original configuration utilized a small ceramic trimmer capacitor for the gamma match, suitable for up to 10 watts. A subsequent modification replaced this with a 50 pF variable capacitor housed in a plastic enclosure, accommodating higher RF power and improving weather resistance. The antenna elements are secured using a copper "T" fitting, and an SO-239 connector mounts directly to this fitting. Performance includes gain away from the support mast, and tuning is straightforward by adjusting the gamma match capacitor for a 1:1 SWR. The total cost for materials, excluding the capacitor and coax, can be under $10.

A 2-meter Turnstile antenna, detailed for amateur satellite communication, offers a straightforward build for those looking to engage with orbiting transponders. The author, WB8ERJ, shares his personal design and construction methods, emphasizing the antenna's simplicity and effectiveness for LEO (Low Earth Orbit) satellite work. This design provides a circularly polarized signal, crucial for mitigating _Faraday rotation_ and signal fading often encountered with linearly polarized antennas when tracking satellites. Construction involves readily available materials like PVC pipe and copper wire, making it an accessible project for many hams. The article includes practical advice on element spacing and feed point considerations, drawing from the author's hands-on experience in the shack and field. It highlights the antenna's utility for receiving signals from various amateur satellites, including the popular AO-91 and AO-92. The Turnstile's inherent omnidirectional pattern in the horizontal plane, combined with its circular polarization, yields consistent signal reception, often resulting in **stronger decodes** and **more reliable contacts** compared to basic dipoles or verticals.

A PIC16F876 microprocessor-based digital SWR/WATTmeter project provides automatic operation across the 1.8 to 60 MHz frequency range. This design displays both SWR and P.E.P. power values, incorporating a bar graph on the second LCD line for instantaneous power tracking. The directional coupler utilizes a single-wire coil on a ferrite FT50-43 toroid, balanced with a 60 pF trimmer, and employs 1N5711 Schottky diodes for detection, ensuring linearity and a power range of 5 to 120 W. The software, developed by IW3EGT, compensates for diode voltage drop for precise readings, updating power every two seconds for stable display of modulated carriers, while the bar graph updates ten times per second for near real-time feedback. Calibration involves two phases: adjusting the directional coupler for minimum SWR on a 50-ohm dummy load at 28 MHz, and calibrating the microprocessor system by inputting a calculated power value (Power (Watt) = (Vout + 0.5)^2 / 100) at 14-21 MHz. The project includes PCB layouts for both the directional coupler (two-layer copper board) and the PIC module (single-sided), with specific instructions for component placement and shielding to prevent RF interference. The design allows for modification of power reading capability by varying the number of turns in the coupler coil, catering to different power levels.

Constructing an HF End-Fed Half-Wave (EFHW) vertical antenna, the resource details the winding of a monoband matching unit, inspired by _AA5TB_, designed to provide a 50 Ohm impedance match without a ground plane or antenna tuner. It specifies the use of a _T200-2_ ferrite core for the transformer, outlining the 13-turn secondary and 2-turn primary winding process with enamelled copper wire. The document also describes the integration of a coax capacitor, whose length is critical for tuning and varies by band, with specific starting lengths provided for 20m, 17m, 15m, 12m, and 10m operation. The practical application section guides the builder through tuning the antenna using an antenna analyzer, emphasizing the iterative process of spacing secondary windings and trimming the coax capacitor to achieve resonance at the desired band frequency. It highlights the antenna's low angle of radiation, beneficial for DX, and claims up to 2 S-points improvement over a _G5RV_ or similar doublet when used as an omnidirectional vertical. A comprehensive shopping list, including specific part numbers from _Rapid Electronics_, is provided, along with advice on selecting fiberglass fishing poles for support and suitable antenna wire.

Autotena, a Taiwanese manufacturer, offers a diverse product line focused on RF communication antennas and related accessories. The resource details various antenna types, including **4G/3G LTE wideband high-gain low-profile antennas**, land mobile wideband antennas, fiberglass omnidirectional designs, and GPS mobile and marine antennas. Specific amateur radio offerings include NMO VHF load coil gain antennas, VHF whip gain antennas with PL-259 connectors, and UHF NMO mount antennas with 3dB/5dB gain. The company also produces antennas for CB and 10-meter amateur bands, such as aluminum broadband 26-30MHz antennas and big copper coil broadband 26-30MHz antennas. Additionally, the site showcases **RF amplifiers** for CB, HF, VHF, and UHF bands, including professional-grade base station amplifiers with 100% EIA duty cycle. Handheld antennas, PL-259 type mobile antennas, magnet mount antennas, and external CB speakers are also presented, alongside various mounting kits and cable assemblies.

A 3.42-meter (11-foot 2-inch) extended-length mobile antenna project is presented, detailing its evolution from an initial 1.65-meter design. W5JGV shares his journey in optimizing mobile HF performance, noting that increasing the top whip length significantly improved radiation efficiency by reducing coil losses and allowing for larger wire gauges. The article includes a comparative table illustrating substantial gain increases, with the 3.42-meter version showing up to 40.6% efficiency on 21.2 MHz compared to a half-wave dipole. Construction details are thoroughly documented, from the use of hard-wall copper pipe for mast sections to the fabrication of custom loading coils. The author explains the necessity of an insulating brace for self-supporting coils and details a unique rotational alignment mechanism for off-center mounted coils to prevent snagging on overhead obstructions. He also describes a "Z" winding technique for 75-meter and 160-meter coils, which minimizes copper losses and manages dielectric losses. The resource provides specific loading coil data, including wire gauge, number of turns, coil length, and inductance values for bands from 18 MHz down to 2 MHz. It emphasizes that these coils may require fine-tuning based on individual vehicle and whip configurations, suggesting an antenna tuner for optimal mobile station operation across multiple HF bands.

The mirror-image J-Pole is very easy to construct and requires only two T-Fittings plus a length of copper pipe.

This PDF document, authored by KT4QW in October 2004, details the construction and modeling of a dual-band, horizontally polarized hanging rectangular loop antenna for **10 and 17 meters**. The design, adapted from *The ARRL Handbook*, utilizes _NEC4WIN95_ software for scaling and optimization, targeting a 50 ohm feedpoint impedance. The resource includes a bill of materials, step-by-step construction instructions, and a discussion of the antenna's radiation characteristics. It presents NEC-generated elevation and azimuth patterns, comparing the loop's performance to a half-wave horizontal dipole at the same height and frequency. The 17-meter element is centered at 18.140 MHz for low SWR across the phone band, while the 10-meter element is centered at 28.500 MHz. Construction involves 14-gauge stranded copper wire and Schedule 40 PVC spreaders, with the total wire length calculated by the formula: Length in feet = 1005/MHz. The feedpoint impedance can be adjusted by modifying the rectangular aspect ratio. The document specifies hoisting the antenna to at least a half-wave above ground for testing. It notes that a balun was tested and found to have no measurable effect on SWR or radiation characteristics. A 2-meter scale model is presented to illustrate the physical design, and a "rotator" string is incorporated for directional adjustment up to 90 degrees.

Designing a compact directional antenna for the 70cm band involves balancing gain, front-to-back ratio, and physical size. This resource details the construction of a 2-element Moxon rectangle antenna for 432 MHz, outlining the specific dimensions for the driven element and reflector, and discussing the advantages of its folded dipole configuration. The article provides insights into the historical context of 70cm operations and the author's personal experiences with early 432 MHz transceivers and antenna setups, such as a Jaybeam 48-element TV antenna. It also touches upon the practical aspects of building and deploying such an antenna for local and weak-signal work. The Moxon antenna design is compared to a 3-element Yagi, noting its superior front-to-back ratio and broader bandwidth for a given boom length, making it suitable for portable operations or restricted spaces. The construction uses readily available materials like copper wire and PVC tubing, emphasizing simplicity and ease of replication. Performance characteristics, including a reported gain of approximately 5.5 dBi and a front-to-back ratio of 20 dB, are discussed in the context of its compact footprint. The resource includes a visual representation of the antenna's dimensions and construction, aiding in practical implementation.

Here is the parts list and dim. sheet for a 6m Square Copper Dipole, made from copper water pipe

The octoloop antenna is a length of 25 pair telephone wire inside an octagonal loop shield of 3/4 hard copper pipe

Easy home brew 2 meter copper jpole antenna build - under 20 bucks - Hits repeaters 45 miles away. Parts used bought at home depot build time 1 hour.

Demonstrates the construction of a base-loaded quarter-wave vertical whip antenna, suitable for both mobile and portable HF operations. This design utilizes a vehicle body as a ground plane for mobile use or a counterpoise for field deployment. The article details the selection of materials, such as a _glass fibre tubing_ former and 24 s.w.g enamelled copper wire for the loading coil, with specific turn counts suggested for 20m (around **30 turns**) and 40m (around **50-60 turns**). It outlines a practical tuning method using an SWR bridge and even an audible signal approach, emphasizing careful adjustment of coil turn spacing or whip length to achieve optimal SWR. The resource also mentions the use of an antenna analyzer for more precise tuning, contrasting it with the SWR method.

A 7 MHz vertical half-Moxon array, designed by F6IRF, is presented with its MMANA model, featuring a 20cm gap between the two horizontal elements. The design aims for a low take-off angle, crucial for DX work, and includes specific dimensions for the driven element and reflector, which are constructed from 2mm copper wire. The antenna's feedpoint impedance is approximately 50 ohms, allowing for direct coax feed without a matching network, and it is intended for portable or temporary installations. Field results indicate the antenna provides a **3 dB** gain over a quarter-wave vertical, with a front-to-back ratio of **10 dB** on 40 meters. The author notes successful DX contacts into _VK_ and _ZL_ from France, demonstrating its effectiveness for long-haul communication. The design emphasizes simplicity and portability, making it suitable for operators seeking a directional antenna solution for the 40m band without complex setup requirements.

Pictures of a 2 meter, 220, 440 copper J-Pole antennas