Search results

a Podcast for amateur radio enthusiasts... by jeff davis, ke9v

On-line resource that provides practical battery knowledge for engineers, educators, students and battery users alike. The papers address battery chemistries, best battery choices and ways to make your battery last longer.

The m0xpd keyer project utilizes a PIC16F628A microcontroller, offering Iambic A and B modes, adjustable speed from 5 to 40 WPM, and variable weight control. It incorporates a sidetone generator with adjustable frequency and volume, along with a PTT output for transceiver control. The design includes a 16-pin DIL IC socket for the PIC, a 3.5mm stereo jack for the paddle, and a 3.5mm mono jack for the PTT output. Powering the keyer requires a 9V DC supply, which is regulated down to 5V for the PIC. The circuit board layout is designed for through-hole components, facilitating home construction. A detailed schematic and a parts list are provided, guiding builders through the assembly process. The project also discusses the firmware programming for the PIC16F628A, essential for the keyer's functionality. Construction details cover component placement and wiring, ensuring proper operation. The keyer's compact size makes it suitable for portable or shack use, providing a reliable CW interface.

High Speed Multimedia Radio Introduction by ARRL Working Group Chairman. Report of the High Speed Multimedia (HSMM) Working Group ARRL Board of Directors 2006 Annual Meeting January 22, 2004

This resource, a blog from the Penang Amateur Radio Club (PARC), offers insights into various aspects of amateur radio in Malaysia. One post details monitoring Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATIS) on the 2m band, providing specific frequencies like 122.750 MHz AM for Butterworth and 126.400 MHz AM for Penang, along with sample aviation weather and operational data. Another entry critiques the lengthy and costly process of obtaining an amateur radio license in Malaysia, contrasting it with the more streamlined FCC licensing system in the United States, citing a 1-year wait and RM 414 (USD 125) for 10 years in Malaysia versus 3 weeks and USD 14 for 10 years in the US. The blog also covers internal club matters, such as the 2007 Annual General Meeting (AGM) attendance and council elections, highlighting member dissatisfaction with outdated newsletters and a call for "reformasi." Additionally, it presents local phonetic alphabets in Bahasa Malaysia and Chinese, and discusses monitoring AM broadcast bands for international stations like Voice of America on 1575 kHz and Zhong Yang Ren Min Guang Bo Dian Tai on 1134 kHz, offering alternatives to local 2m repeater chatter. The author, "firstclass," shares personal observations and criticisms regarding the Malaysian ham radio landscape.

Thierry LOMBRY, ON4SKY, develops in depth and with original pictures the long history of amateur radio all through the world from 900 BC to date.

The Araucaria DX Group, based in Brazil, functions as an amateur radio club specializing in **DXpeditions**, **contesting**, and organizing various related events. The group actively sponsors contests and provides resources for DX enthusiasts. Its primary focus is on facilitating and participating in long-distance radio contacts and competitive operating events, contributing to the global amateur radio community. The group's activities include coordinating expeditions to rare DX entities, participating in major international contests, and fostering skill development among its members. By sponsoring events, the Araucaria DX Group supports the growth of amateur radio in South America, encouraging participation in competitive operating and promoting the pursuit of DX. The group's initiatives aim to enhance operational proficiency and expand the reach of amateur radio communications.

W1MX, the MIT Radio Society, stands as America's oldest college amateur station, providing a vibrant hub for MIT students, faculty, and staff interested in RF engineering, telecommunications, and radio science. The club, formerly known as 1XM, fosters a growing membership and hosts regular business meetings on the first Tuesday of each month at 7:30 PM ET, alongside weekly social gatherings every Friday at 7:00 PM ET in room 50-358. No prior radio experience is necessary to participate, and interested students are encouraged to attend a social meeting for a station tour and to learn about typical club activities. The society emphasizes experiential learning opportunities, actively seeking support to build a new and improved station at MIT. The club maintains a consistent presence in 50-358 during semesters and IAP, often extending into the summer, with the exception of club trips. Members can also access a dedicated webpage displaying the last 30 days of door activity, updating every five minutes, while a public frame shows the current door status and recent activity.

Tape measurement yagi. The longest part is 530 mm, easy fit to your backpack. Very easy and fast deploy. Great for SOTA and portable operation. Can be used in horizontal or vertical polarization. Based on DK7ZB design

Designing a beacon keyer that transmit the relative output power along to call sign.

Operating a ham station often involves encountering radio frequency interference (RFI), RF feedback, or RF burns, which are frequently misattributed to poor equipment grounding. This resource meticulously dissects these assumptions, asserting that RF grounds on the operating desk often merely mask more significant system flaws. It identifies five primary causes for RF problems, including antenna system design flaws, proximity of the antenna to the operating position, DC power supply ground loops, equipment design defects, and poorly installed connectors or defective cables. The content emphasizes that issues like "hot cabinets" or changes in SWR when connecting a ground indicate substantial RF flowing over wiring or cabinets, a phenomenon known as common-mode current. The article provides detailed explanations of common-mode current generation, particularly from single-wire fed antennas like longwires, random wires, and OCF dipoles, which inherently present high levels of RF in the shack. It also illustrates how vertical antennas, lacking a perfect ground system, can excite feed lines with significant common-mode current. Through simulations, the author demonstrates how a dipole without a proper _balun_ can cause RF problems at the operating desk, showing current patterns and voltage distributions on feed line shields. The discussion extends to the proper application of _RF isolators_ and _ferrite beads_, clarifying their role in modifying common-mode impedance on cable shields and cautioning against their use as a band-aid for fundamental system defects. The resource advocates for correcting the actual source of RF problems, such as antenna system issues or poor connector mounting, rather than relying on internal shack grounding or isolators. It highlights that properly functioning two-conductor feed lines, like coaxial or open-wire lines, should result in minimal RF levels at the operating position, even without a desk RF ground. The author shares personal experience, noting that his stations since the late 1970s have operated without RF grounds at the desks, relying instead on proper antenna system design and feed line integrity.

KB9AMG's Top WSPR Spots presents a focused online tool for monitoring **2-way WSPR reports**, specifically detailing propagation data from February 2026 through March 2026. This resource aggregates _WSPRnet_ data, allowing radio amateurs to observe weak signal propagation conditions across various bands. The interface is straightforward, presenting callsigns, frequencies, signal-to-noise ratios, and distances for each reported contact, which is crucial for understanding current band openings and signal paths. The utility of this WSPR spotter lies in its ability to quickly visualize global propagation. Users can identify active stations and assess signal viability over long distances, with reports often showing contacts spanning thousands of kilometers. For instance, a typical WSPR report might indicate a signal from Europe reaching North America with a _SNR_ of -25 dB, demonstrating effective low-power communication. This data is invaluable for planning DX operations or evaluating antenna performance under actual propagation conditions.

DK8KV Longwave information

RF Current measurements on a Long Wire W3EDP antenna

The World of LF, by G3YXM reference site for longwave operations. Introduction to operating on 136 and 501 Khz

MF TeleType is a program for amateur radio digital communication via sound card, ham radio chat program for extra reliable text transmissions over long distance

Investigates the legal framework surrounding **pneumatic antenna launchers** in Victoria, Australia, specifically their classification under the Firearms Act 1996. The author, VK3KBC, details how these devices, designed to discharge a projectile by compressed air, are defined as 'firearms' and subsequently categorized as **Category E Longarms**. This classification carries significant penalties for unregistered possession or use, with the author noting the lack of provisions for amateur radio operators to legally possess and use such devices for antenna deployment. The author shares personal experiences needing such devices for portable HF radio operations, contrasting them with previously legal slingshots and current alternatives like kites or bow and arrow. VK3KBC outlines efforts to advocate for legislative change, including submissions to the Wireless Institute of Australia (WIA) and the Victorian Department of Justice, proposing an amendment to Section 3(i) of the Firearms Act 1996 to include amateur radio field operations as an exempted use. The resource also reviews the original intent of the Category E firearm classification, suggesting that pneumatic antenna launchers may have been assigned this category in the absence of a more suitable alternative.

Presents an Italian association, Club 27 Catania, which is affiliated with Protezione Civile FIR-CB. The resource indicates a focus on CB radio and various DX groups, including Papa Alfa Tango, Wisconsin Michigan, Charly Tango, Oscar Sierra, Big Time Operators, WAC Club, Azteca DX, and TX&RX Group. The page itself is a placeholder, stating "We’re getting things ready" and "Loading your experience… This won’t take long," suggesting future content will detail the club's activities and affiliations. The current state of the resource provides minimal information beyond its name and affiliations. It does not offer details on club events, membership, technical discussions, or operational specifics. The listed DX groups imply a focus on long-distance communications within the CB radio spectrum, but no specific results, comparisons of operating techniques, or practical applications are available on the present page.

The 160-meter amateur radio band, spanning 1.8 to 2 MHz, was historically the lowest frequency amateur allocation until the introduction of the 630-meter and 2200-meter bands. ITU Region 1 allocates 1.81–2 MHz, while other regions use 1.8–2 MHz. This band, often called "Top Band" or "Gentleman's Band," was established by the International Radiotelegraph Conference in Washington, D.C., on October 4, 1927, with an initial allocation of 1.715–2 MHz. Effective operation on 160 meters presents significant challenges due to the large antenna sizes required; a quarter-wavelength monopole is over 130 feet, and horizontal dipoles need similar heights. Propagation is typically local during the day, but long-distance contacts are common at night, especially around sunrise and sunset, and during solar minimums. The band experienced a resurgence after the LORAN-A system was phased out in North America in December 1980, leading to the removal of power restrictions.

Long review of the Elecraft K3 , 18 months on.

Constructing a compact directional antenna for the 17-meter band, this resource details the build process for a Moxon rectangle, a two-element Yagi variant with folded-back elements. It covers the antenna's evolution from the _VK2ABQ beam_ and provides specific dimensions for a version built using fishing pole whips. The content includes a discussion of the antenna's radiation pattern, feedpoint impedance, and its inherent front-to-back ratio, which is often superior to a standard two-element Yagi. Practical considerations for element spacing and material choices are also addressed, alongside a visual representation of the antenna's physical layout. Performance data presented includes a comparison showing the Moxon rectangle's **2.5 dB gain** over a half-wave dipole and a front-to-back ratio of **20 dB**. The resource also touches upon the antenna's relatively wide bandwidth for a two-element beam and its suitability for portable operations due to its compact footprint. It offers insights into optimizing the design for specific operating conditions and discusses the advantages of its lower take-off angle compared to omnidirectional wire antennas, making it effective for DX contacts on the 17-meter band.

Presents a concise guide for Amateur Radio operators participating in Jamboree-on-the-Air (JOTA), an annual event connecting approximately 500,000 Scouts and Guides worldwide via ham radio. The resource details how to initiate a voice contact, including the use of "CQ Jamboree JOTA" and proper signal reporting with the RST system. It also outlines the typical exchange information, such as name, QTH, Scout rank, and age, encouraging participants to practice their responses. Authored by Bill Wetherill, N2WG, the brochure provides a practical phonetics chart and a comprehensive Morse code dictionary, including punctuation and prosigns like AR and SK. It clarifies rules for third-party operation under the direct supervision of a licensed operator, noting restrictions on international contacts without specific government agreements. Additionally, the guide lists recommended World Scout Frequencies for SSB and CW across 80, 40, 20, 17, 15, 12, and 10 meters, emphasizing courteous operating procedures. It includes a section on common Q-signals like QRM, QRN, and QSL, alongside the Amateur's Code, which stresses considerate, loyal, progressive, friendly, balanced, and patriotic conduct.

The resource provides coaxial cable attenuation data, listing signal loss in dB per 100 feet for various cable types across a frequency range from 1 MHz to 5.8 GHz. The initial table details attenuation for cables such as _RG-58_, _RG-8X_, and RG-213, with impedance values of 50 ohm or 75 ohm, at frequencies up to 1 GHz. For example, _RG-58_ exhibits **0.4 dB** loss at 1 MHz and **21.5 dB** loss at 1 GHz per 100 feet. A subsequent table expands on this data, including LMR series cables like _LMR-400_ and LMR-600, along with other types such as 9913F7 and RG214. This section covers frequencies from 30 MHz to 1,500 MHz, also noting the outer diameter of each cable. For instance, _LMR-400_ (0.405" diameter) shows **0.7 dB** loss at 30 MHz and 5.1 dB loss at 1,500 MHz per 100 feet. The final section focuses on VHF/UHF/Microwave amateur and ISM bands, presenting attenuation in dB per 100 feet (and meters) for frequencies including 144 MHz, 450 MHz, and 2.4 GHz. This table includes larger diameter hardline options like 1/2" LDF and 7/8" LDF, in addition to flexible coaxial cables. For example, 1/2" LDF cable demonstrates **0.85 dB** loss at 144 MHz and 6.6 dB loss at 2.4 GHz per 100 feet. DXZone Focus: Coaxial cable attenuation | LMR-400 | RG-58 | 5.8 GHz

The SETI League, Inc., founded in 1994, focused on participatory science, developing technology to seek definitive answers to the question of extraterrestrial intelligence. The organization operated in five dozen countries across all seven continents, maintaining the quest for cosmic companions through the efforts of its 1500 members. Although the organization shuttered its virtual doors after thirty years in 2024, the website remains for educational and historical purposes, documenting past research and activities. Key technical resources include the _SETI League Mini-Manual_ for constructing a 12 GHz radio telescope under $200, and software like _SETIFox for Windows_ and _Radio Eyes_ for radio astronomy sky viewing. The site also features _Project Argus_ detections, moonbounce signal detections, and space probe signal detections, providing concrete examples of amateur radio astronomy applications. Publications such as the quarterly newsletter _SearchLites_ and various articles by Dr. SETI (H. Paul Shuch, Ph.D.) are available, alongside information on the Third Penn State SETI Symposium in 2025. The site also offers insights into hydrogen line emission observations, presented in time domain, frequency domain, waterfall, and surface plot formats.

137.7 kHz QRSS beacon exciter is described, utilizing a single chip for operation on the 2200m amateur band. The design focuses on simplicity and efficiency for weak signal applications, providing a compact solution for generating QRSS signals. This project targets the DX portion of the band, enabling long-distance communication with minimal power output. The resource details the construction and functionality of the **QRSS beacon**, emphasizing its **low-power operation** and suitability for experimental amateur radio. It provides insights into the circuit's architecture and potential for integration into existing station setups. The design aims to offer a practical and accessible entry point for amateurs interested in weak signal modes on the LF/MF bands.

Electroswitch Electronic Products specializes in the design and manufacture of various switch types, including rotary, toggle, pushbutton, and rocker switches, as well as encoders and indicator lights. The company provides commercial and MIL-spec compliant components, detailing features such as spring return, push/pull to turn, adjustable stop, concentric shaft, and keylock configurations for their rotary switch lines. Specific product series like the M5-series enclosed frame rotary switches are highlighted, demonstrating their engineering capabilities. The resource offers a Rotary Switch Configurator to assist customers in selecting appropriate components based on application requirements. It categorizes switches by construction, such as enclosed frame, open frame, military grade, sealed, subminiature, blade, and power options for rotary switches. Toggle switches are presented in miniature, full-size, military grade, and sealed variants, while pushbutton switches include ultra-miniature, miniature, standard, and sealed types. Further product details cover rocker switches in subminiature, miniature, and sealed configurations, alongside thumb switches. Encoder offerings include magnetic and mechanical types with options like concentric shafts and push-to-turn functionality. Indicator lights are available for both commercial rectangular panel mount and MIL-spec applications, featuring configurations such as Press-to-Test, Watertight, EMI Shielded, and Dimmable options.

BeaconSpot.uk provides an accurate, real-time picture of microwave and VHF/UHF beacons operating across Europe, alongside a worldwide listing of 6-meter beacons. The platform allows users to retrieve detailed data for individual beacons, facilitating in-depth analysis of signal characteristics and propagation paths. Interactive maps visualize beacon distribution by frequency band and display spot coverage for each station, offering a clear geographical overview of active beacons. The system integrates real-time DXCluster spots, sourced from contributors like Alain, ON4KST, and Pascal, F5LEN, and enables users to submit outgoing spots directly to the DXCluster. Beacon keepers can manage their beacon data, receive email alerts upon being spotted, and track their station's ODX (Outstanding DX) records. For every received spot, the distance to the beacon is automatically calculated and displayed, aiding propagation studies.

Experimental Longwave Transmissions from Tower Hill wayland Massachusetts Operator Name Warren, Ham Call K2ORS, Frequency: 137.7796 KHz

Presents the Sacramento Amateur Radio Club (W6AK), detailing its long-standing presence in the amateur radio community since 1914. The club's affiliation with the **ARRL** is highlighted, indicating its adherence to national amateur radio standards and participation in broader organizational activities. Content includes recent operational activities, such as participation at the Yolo County Fairgrounds, and social gatherings like meet-and-greets at East Portal Park, fostering member engagement. The resource also provides insights into the club's governance, listing current board members and their **call signs**, including the President Mike McDermott (KF6RUQ) and Vice President Jay Ballinger (N6SAC). Information on past elections and board position fillings offers transparency into the club's operational structure. The site functions as a central hub for club news and event announcements, reflecting its role in coordinating local amateur radio endeavors.

The article, "Using 75 Ohm CATV Coaxial Cable," details methods for employing readily available 75-ohm CATV hardline in standard 50-ohm amateur radio setups. It addresses the inherent impedance mismatch and practical considerations, such as connector compatibility, for hams seeking cost-effective, low-loss feedline solutions. The resource specifically contrasts common 50-ohm cables like RG-8, RG213, and _LMR-400_ with 75-ohm hardline, highlighting the latter's lower loss characteristics, particularly at VHF and UHF frequencies. It explores two primary approaches to manage the impedance difference: direct connection with an acceptable SWR compromise and precise impedance transformation. The direct connection method acknowledges that a perfect 1:1 SWR is not always critical, especially when using low-loss coax. For impedance transformation, the article explains the use of half-wavelength sections of coax to reflect the antenna's 50-ohm impedance back to the transmitter, noting its single-frequency effectiveness. It also briefly mentions transformer designs using toroid cores and a technique involving two 1/12 wavelength sections of feedline for broader bandwidth. The content further clarifies the concept of _velocity factor_ for calculating electrical versus physical cable lengths, providing a generic formula for precise length determination. It notes that while half-wave matching is practical for 10 meters and above, it can result in excessively long runs for lower bands like 160 meters, potentially adding **250 feet** of cable. The article also mentions achieving a usable bandwidth of 28.000 MHz up to at least **28.8 MHz** on 10 meters with specific transformation techniques.

A synthesized 2.3 GHz Amateur Television (ATV) transmitter design, conceived by Ian G6TVJ, is presented, targeting broadcast-quality video performance on the 13cm band and extending up to 2.6 GHz. The core of the design utilizes a commercial Z-comm Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) that tunes from 2.2-2.7 GHz, providing a +10 dBm output and simplifying RF alignment. This VCO's stability, originally intended for narrowband applications, readily accepts high-frequency video modulation, contributing to the transmitter's robust performance. The exciter stage, incorporating a Mini Circuits VNA 25 MMIC amplifier, boosts the signal to +16dBm, while a Plessey SP4982 prescaler divides the output frequency for the synthesizer. The synthesizer employs a Motorola MC145151 CMOS parallel IC, favored over the common Plessey SP5060 for its superior video modulation characteristics and ease of programming without microprocessors. This choice addresses issues like LF tilt and distorted field syncs often seen with SP5060 designs, particularly when operating through repeaters or over long distances. The MC145151 divides the signal further, enabling precise frequency stepping, with programming handled by EPROMs for channel selection and LED display. The loop filter network, critical for video integrity, was developed through experimentation to prevent the PLL from reacting to video modulation, ensuring a clean transmitted picture. The transmitter incorporates a Down East Microwave commercial power amplifier module, delivering approximately 1.6W output, driven by the exciter through a 3dB attenuator. Construction involves surface-mount SHF components on micro-strip lines etched onto double-sided fiberglass board, housed within a tinplate box. The design boasts no AC coupling in the video path, preserving low-frequency response, a common failing in other ATV transmitters. Performance tests with a 50Hz square wave revealed no LF distortion, and a calibrated "Pulse & Bar" signal showed a near 100% HF response, demonstrating its capability for high-quality ATV transmissions.

A simple, cheap and easy to build 26 feet long vertical antenna that works DX on 20 - 10 meters including WARC Bands, it is designed for portability for field days, camping, or permanent installation, cost, and to achieve at least 1/2 wavelength on the WARC bands.

Design a 50MHz long-yagi antenna by PA3FGA

Indexes over 100 digitized amateur radio callbooks, primarily from the early to mid-20th century, providing a historical record of callsign assignments and licensee data. The collection facilitates research into past amateur radio operations, tracing callsign lineage, and identifying operators from specific eras. Each entry typically includes the callsign, licensee name, and geographic location as published in the original printed volumes. Users can browse the collection by publication date or utilize the search function to locate specific callsigns or names within the archived documents. The resource serves as a valuable repository for historical amateur radio data, supporting genealogical and operational research. Access to these scanned documents is provided directly through the Internet Archive platform, ensuring long-term preservation and availability of these historical amateur radio records.

PY0FF Online Long by Andre in SA-003 Fernando De Noronha Archipelago

DK8KW Longwave Information

UV-3R Review at G4ILO Blog with long textual review, pictures and some sound files

The Broadcast Employees Amateur Radio Society, Inc. (BEARS) operates an extensive network of **VHF and UHF repeaters** across New York, the Hudson Valley, Long Island, and New Jersey, accessible to all licensed amateur radio operators. This resource details the club's structure as a 501c3 tax-exempt non-profit, emphasizing its role in providing ham radio training, testing, and critical communications support to various public and private emergency response agencies. Key repeaters include W2ABC/RPT on 147.27 MHz with a 141.3 PL tone, serving as a central point for club activities and broader network access. BEARS is also a founding member of the **Disney Amateur Radio Interconnect (DARI)**, a consortium of open, linked VHF and UHF repeaters spanning major metropolitan areas such as Philadelphia, Baltimore/Washington DC, Orlando, Bristol, Los Angeles, and Boston. This interconnected system facilitates wide-area communication for members and supports emergency preparedness efforts across multiple regions. The club's focus extends beyond Disney employees, welcoming aspiring and current hams from outside the company to participate in its activities and utilize its robust repeater infrastructure.

Constructing a digital interface for the Elecraft K2 transceiver, this resource details the "Fat Wire" design by WG4S. It demonstrates how to integrate a sound card for digital modes, outlining specific connections to the K2's microphone jack and internal audio path. The author shares practical insights from his build, including the use of _RG-62_ coax for its flexible braid and the strategic placement of components like the 2.2K resistor and _2N2222_ transistor. The guide provides a breakdown of the interface's internal wiring, specifying connections for AF In (pin 1), AF Out (pin 5), PTT (pin 2), and Ground (pin 7) on the K2's microphone connector. It also covers the external connections to a laptop's headphone and line-in jacks, along with a DB-9 connector for PTT control via _DTR_ or RTS lines. The author notes that his laptop's headphone output level was sufficient for the K2, negating the need for an attenuator. Reflecting on the design, the author, Dan WG4S, acknowledges a later suggestion to house the components directly within the DB-9 shell for a more compact build. This iterative feedback highlights the ongoing evolution of DIY ham radio projects and the community's collaborative spirit in refining designs.

100-watt UHF repeater (444.500+ PL100) and a 6-meter repeater (53.68- PL114.8) are owned and maintained by South County ARES to support emergency communications for Belmont, East Palo Alto, Foster City, Menlo Park/Atherton, Redwood City, San Carlos, San Mateo, and Woodside/Portola Valley. The organization emphasizes training, including weekly nets and practice sessions, to improve message passing accuracy and brevity, crucial skills for **emergency communication**. Resources like the San Mateo County Sheriff's Office Ham Radio Frequency Plan Recommendation and **Chirp-compatible CSV files** for Baofeng radios are provided. Participation in community events is encouraged to build skills and connections among members. The group operates without collecting dues, relying on donations and member contributions of time and expertise. Training pages are available for new hams and those seeking license upgrades, along with a "Tips for New Hams" section. The site also features a monthly calendar of events, including board meetings, general meetings, and hospital nets, alongside a newsletter, the "South County Communicator," and various operational documents like the Net Control Manual and SCARES Handbook.

The problem originates by improper TXOUT-to-RF timing (RF transmission exists still after a TX-EN prohibition), combined by too long decay of their CW pulses.

Just a single page describing my self as long some others interesting links.

Reports indicate the PA1RBZ DX Cluster, previously accessible via telnet at pa1rbz.dyndns.org on port 9000, is no longer operational. The QSL.net hosting platform displays a 404 error, indicating the specific page or file for the cluster's web interface or related information is missing. This service was designed to provide amateur radio operators with real-time DX spotting data, facilitating long-distance contacts across various bands. The cluster's primary function was to aggregate and disseminate DX spots, allowing users to monitor current propagation conditions and identify active stations. Such systems are crucial tools for DXers and contesters, enabling rapid response to new openings and rare DX entities. QSL.net, which hosts over 30,000 amateur radio websites, provides these services free of charge to hams, relying on user donations for operational continuity.

K1JJ presents a compilation of insights regarding vertical radial ground systems, specifically applied to 160m vertical arrays. The resource details 19 distinct observations and recommendations, emphasizing that ground radials primarily reduce ground losses rather than influencing pattern formation. It explains that RF current flows inefficiently through average soil, necessitating copper radials to create a low-resistance path back to the antenna base. The content suggests that **50-60 radials** are generally sufficient to achieve optimal efficiency, with diminishing returns beyond that number, and that radials should be laid on the surface for best performance. The discussion also addresses practical aspects such as wire gauge, installation techniques using 'U' shaped staples, and methods for connecting radials in multi-element arrays. It highlights the importance of radial length, stating that 1/4 wave radials are a crucial minimum, and that for 160m, radials should be at least _100 feet_ long. The resource critically examines the efficacy of elevated radials versus ground radials, noting that while a few elevated radials may suffice for VHF, HF applications, particularly on 160m, require extensive ground radial systems to efficiently collect RF currents in the near field. It also touches on the impact of radial systems on parasitic elements and the significance of symmetrical radial patterns for minimizing losses. Further practical advice includes wire type recommendations, proper soldering and weatherproofing techniques for radial connections, and considerations for integrating steel towers into the ground system. The author shares personal experience with installing 60 quarter-wave and half-wave radials under each of three in-line verticals, expressing satisfaction with the results.

This dynamic DX Map aggregates various resources that will help radio amateurs to operate their stations in search of long distance contacts, DX. HamDXMap displays current MUF values and foF2 critical frequency values around the globe.

Pignology is mainly an app developer focused on ham radio related topics. Offers radio remote control devices, and develop apps for them along to logbook apps and other ham radio related utilities.

Twenty-four repeaters, including D-STAR and Fusion systems, are maintained and operated by MARCA Inc., primarily located on Arizona mountaintops and around the Phoenix metropolitan area. The organization, holding the callsign _W7MOT_, facilitates a wide range of amateur radio activities, such as ARRL Field Day events near Forest Lakes, Arizona, and participation in ARRL FMT contests. Members engage in antenna experimentation, construction, and maintenance trips to repeater sites. The club's interests span diverse topics, including HF voice, digital modes like _WSPR_, _WSJT-X_ (FT8, FT4), and CW, alongside DXing, MESH networking, and EOC operations. It supports technologies from SDR radio building to antique radio restoration and computer-based operations like Echolink, fostering a Single Board Computer (SBC) and Raspberry Pi group. Monthly meetings, held on the third Tuesday, feature business discussions and guest presentations, with informal summer gatherings and an annual holiday dinner in December. Monthly VE testing sessions for Technician, General, and Extra Class licenses are conducted by Ray Vasquez, K4RMV. Post-meeting discussions often cover specialized interests such as repeater operations, technical topics, D-STAR, SDR, APRS, Fusion, and Raspberry Pi projects.

QTH.COM by KA9FOX offer classified swap ads for amateur radio and web design along to evoluted web hosting

This Club has long history in serving Henry County.