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This resource provides a detailed guide on constructing a J-pole antenna specifically for the 2 meter band, which is popular among amateur radio operators. The article outlines the materials needed, including various sizes of aluminum pipes and PVC, as well as the tools required for assembly. It emphasizes the simplicity and effectiveness of the J-pole design, making it an ideal choice for newcomers to amateur radio. The instructions are straightforward, allowing users to build the antenna in less than an hour, and include tips for tuning the antenna for optimal performance. In addition to the construction details, the resource includes practical advice on the assembly process, such as how to cut and join the pipes, as well as how to mount the SO239 connector. The author shares personal experiences and insights on achieving a low standing wave ratio (S.W.R.) and suggests modifications for creating bi-band or tri-band J-pole antennas. This comprehensive guide is enriched with photographs that illustrate the construction steps, making it easier for users to follow along and successfully build their own J-pole antenna.

This guide provides step-by-step instructions for constructing a tin can waveguide antenna, commonly known as a cantenna, for enhancing WiFi signal range. The project is budget-friendly, costing under $5, and utilizes easily accessible materials like a food can and basic electronic components. The design is suitable for 802.11b and 802.11g wireless networks, operating within the 2.4 GHz frequency range. To start, gather the necessary parts including an N-Female chassis mount connector, nuts, bolts, and a suitable can. The assembly process involves drilling holes in the can for the connector and mounting the probe. The guide emphasizes the importance of can dimensions and placement for optimal performance, encouraging experimentation for best results. This project is ideal for amateur radio operators and DIY enthusiasts looking to improve their wireless connectivity without significant investment. Safety precautions are advised, as the author does not hold electrical engineering credentials. Users are encouraged to take responsibility for their equipment and ensure proper assembly. With this simple yet effective antenna, users can extend their WiFi coverage and enjoy enhanced connectivity.

Constructing a 2.4 GHz high-gain _cantenna_ for wireless networks is detailed, providing a practical approach to extending WiFi range. The author, WB8ERJ, shares insights into building these devices, noting their application in amateur radio for projects like Hinternet or HSMM (High-Speed Multimedia) networks. The article outlines the necessary components and steps, emphasizing the DIY aspect for hams interested in digital modes and local area networking. The resource explains how to determine the correct probe placement within the can, a critical dimension for optimal performance at 2.4 GHz. It references specific measurements, such as the 1.25-inch distance from the can's bottom, derived from calculations for the 2.4 GHz band. This precision ensures the antenna functions effectively for its intended purpose of signal amplification. Readers gain actionable knowledge for fabricating a functional antenna from common materials, suitable for experimentation or practical deployment in a ham shack or field environment. The focus remains on the hands-on construction and the measurable results of improved signal strength.

High performance indoor shortwave antenna, the Carpet Loop II is an ideal step upward for the listener who wants something better than a random wire but doesn't want the expensive dice roll of an active antenna.

Presents a practical design for a **crossed-dipole turnstile antenna** specifically engineered for 2-meter Amateur Radio Direction Finding (ARDF) events. The author, WB6RDV, details a robust, omnidirectional, horizontally-polarized antenna, addressing the international ARDF rules requiring such characteristics at a height of two to three meters above ground. This contrasts with the vertical polarization often used in Southern California, highlighting the design's adherence to specific event requirements. The electrical design employs a classic crossed-dipole with a 75-ohm phasing section, resulting in a slight impedance mismatch and an SWR of approximately 1.3:1 with a 50-ohm feedline. Construction utilizes readily available and inexpensive PVC plumbing components and 1/8-inch bronze welding rod for elements. The guide provides step-by-step instructions for mechanical assembly, including drilling element holes at precise 90-degree spacing and preparing the RG-179 matching section. WB6RDV shares insights from his own build experience, discussing the use of plated brass versus aluminum spacers for element attachment and the effectiveness of crimping as an alternative to soldering. The document also covers final assembly, including the integration of ferrite beads as a choke balun and options for weatherproofing and alternative mounting configurations, emphasizing the adaptability of the design for other VHF bands through scaling.

The Flower Pot Antenna project details a portable dual-band antenna primarily operating on 10 meters, with secondary resonance near the 30-meter band. Construction involves winding RG58 coaxial cable uniformly around a large plastic flower pot, approximately 70cm high with a 60cm top diameter. The design eliminates the need for radials, contributing to its compact and lightweight nature. Key construction steps include soldering the inner conductor to the shield at one end of the wound cable and connecting the wound cable's shield to the rig cable's inner conductor at the base. An LC network, comprising a variable capacitor (0-200pF) and an inductor (10 coils, 5cm diameter, 2mm wire), is inserted between the wound cable's inner conductor and the rig cable's shield. Tuning is performed with an antenna analyzer, adjusting cable length and the variable capacitor for optimal impedance on 10 meters. The antenna performs effectively when installed horizontally.

Over 30 distinct shortwave (SW) receiver models are reviewed, offering insights into their performance, features, and user experiences. These evaluations, contributed by readers of the Usenet newsgroup **Rec.radio.shortwave**, cover a wide array of portable and tabletop radios, including popular units like the Grundig YB-400, Sony ICF-SW77, and various Realistic DX series models. Each review details aspects such as frequency range, tuning steps, SSB functionality, antenna performance, and construction quality, often comparing them to other receivers or ham transceivers like the Icom 725. For instance, the Grundig YB-400 review highlights its 144-30000 kHz AM/SSB coverage, direct keypad entry, and 40 station memories, noting its useful narrow bandwidth and tone switch for adjacent signal separation. It also discusses the **SSB mode** stability and the limitations of its 1 kHz frequency resolution for precise zero-beating. The review further details antenna performance, including the effectiveness of the built-in whip, the provided 7m reel antenna, and the potential for overload with larger outdoor antennas. Other reviews delve into specific issues, such as the Sony ICF-SW77's frequency display inaccuracies and timer malfunctions, or the Realistic DX-342's compact size and surprisingly good MW DXing capabilities despite its analog tuning. The collection provides practical, user-generated feedback on sensitivity, selectivity, audio quality, and ergonomic features, helping shortwave listeners understand the real-world performance and quirks of these receivers.

Interesting article on mobile antennas by Cebik. . The article offers advice for setting up and operating mobile antennas for ham radio use. It emphasizes the lossy nature of mobile-in-motion antennas but encourages users to rise to the challenge. Steps include safeguarding car electronics, choosing proper cabling, and carefully selecting and mounting antennas. It highlights potential issues like roof mounting, trunk lip grounding, and side-mounting for trucks. For stationary operation, options like dipoles or beams are explored, with safety tips for masts and guying systems. Lastly, it stresses safety, suggesting stopping the vehicle to operate whenever possible

A rotary trapped-dipole for 17 and 20 meters, as described by IZ7ATH, presents a practical solution for multi-band HF operation. The author, Talino, recounts his experience building this antenna for IK7ZCQ, detailing the evolution from an initial concept involving a grounded-driven element and gamma-match to a direct-fed, non-grounded design. His pragmatic approach, adapting available materials, is evident throughout the construction narrative, particularly with the use of eight tapered aluminum pipes for the driven element. Construction specifics include precise measurements for the aluminum tubing, with diameters ranging from 30 mm down to 16 mm, and a critical note on reducing tip thickness for weight optimization. The _traps_, initially a concern, are fabricated using 8 turns of RG58 coax on a 27 mm support, tuned to resonate at 18.1 MHz using a dip-meter. Talino emphasizes sealing the traps with RF glue and PVC tape to prevent water ingress, a crucial step for longevity. Field test results, conducted on a 10-meter pole in a clear garden environment, showed an SWR of 1.2:1 on 17 meters and 1.5:1 at 14.200 MHz. While SWR varied slightly when installed at Mario's QTH due to nearby objects, the antenna's performance remained commendable. The final half-dipole length is 46 cm for the 18 MHz tips, and the total weight is under 6 kg, with potential for further reduction.

The page provides detailed instructions on how to build a double bazooka antenna for the 40 meters band. It includes information on materials needed, measurements, and assembly steps. The antenna can be configured as an extended dipole or an inverted V, offering low noise, wide bandwidth, and a 1:1 standing wave ratio. The content also offers calculations for other bands and includes photos of the antenna fabrication process.

20 meters through 6 meters, antennas

Details a practical QRP wattmeter construction, leveraging a simplified SWR meter design by JA6HIC. The project focuses on a forward-only power measurement circuit, providing a functional instrument for RF power levels from milliwatts up to 5 watts. It maintains a 50-ohm input and output impedance, suitable for typical QRP transceivers and antenna systems. The resource includes the schematic for the "VSW" (Very Simple Wattmeter) and outlines a six-step alignment procedure. This calibration process involves using a known RF source up to 5W, setting full-scale deflection, and marking power increments. It also addresses minimizing frequency effects on readings with a 100pF trimmer capacitor, noting that measurement error is highest at the lower end of the scale. Construction notes mention using a piece of RG-213 coaxial cable for the inductance and coupler, with the wattmeter assembled in early 2003. The author provides an example measurement showing 0.8W into a dummy load and 1W into a 3-element beam.

This PDF document, authored by KT4QW in October 2004, details the construction and modeling of a dual-band, horizontally polarized hanging rectangular loop antenna for **10 and 17 meters**. The design, adapted from *The ARRL Handbook*, utilizes _NEC4WIN95_ software for scaling and optimization, targeting a 50 ohm feedpoint impedance. The resource includes a bill of materials, step-by-step construction instructions, and a discussion of the antenna's radiation characteristics. It presents NEC-generated elevation and azimuth patterns, comparing the loop's performance to a half-wave horizontal dipole at the same height and frequency. The 17-meter element is centered at 18.140 MHz for low SWR across the phone band, while the 10-meter element is centered at 28.500 MHz. Construction involves 14-gauge stranded copper wire and Schedule 40 PVC spreaders, with the total wire length calculated by the formula: Length in feet = 1005/MHz. The feedpoint impedance can be adjusted by modifying the rectangular aspect ratio. The document specifies hoisting the antenna to at least a half-wave above ground for testing. It notes that a balun was tested and found to have no measurable effect on SWR or radiation characteristics. A 2-meter scale model is presented to illustrate the physical design, and a "rotator" string is incorporated for directional adjustment up to 90 degrees.

Constructing a linear focus parabolic antenna for WiFi operation involves precise metalwork, as detailed in this project. The author, AB9IL, shares a build that can be completed in a few hours, emphasizing the hands-on process of shaping and assembling metal components. This design aims to provide enhanced signal range for 2.4 GHz wireless networks, a common challenge in many ham shacks and home setups. The project outlines the practical steps required, from initial measurements to the final assembly, including cutting, bending, and bolting various metal parts. While specific gain figures are not provided, the parabolic design inherently offers significant _directional gain_ compared to omnidirectional antennas, making it suitable for point-to-point links or extending network coverage over distances. The construction process focuses on readily available materials and basic shop tools, aligning with the DIY spirit prevalent in amateur radio. This antenna project is presented as a straightforward build, requiring attention to detail in fabrication to achieve optimal performance.

This isn’t a set of step-by-step instructions, but my info might give you some ideas for building your own antenna support.

Constructing a compact, two-band magnetic loop antenna for HF operation, especially from constrained locations like a balcony, presents unique challenges. OK1FOU's design, inspired by DJ3RW's 50 MHz loop, addresses these by employing an unusual side-fed configuration and placing the symmetric, two-section variable tuning capacitor at the bottom of the loop, directly connected to the coax shield. The article provides specific material recommendations, including two 1-meter wooden pales and about 3 meters of thick loudspeaker cable, noting the high current (60A at 100W) in the loop. Construction steps detail forming two turns with a 5 cm gap, using a GDO to pre-tune the open loop to a frequency slightly above the desired highest band, and then integrating the tuning and coupling capacitors. For 10/14 MHz, an open loop resonance of 16-17 MHz is suggested. Practical experience with the 10 MHz band from a third-floor balcony in Prague (JO70GC) shows a 1:1 SWR across most of the band without an external ATU. While DX traffic was modest due to the urban environment, QSO examples with RA6WF, LA6GIA, G0NXA, and LZ1QK on 10 MHz are provided, demonstrating its operational capability.

The W1TAG LF Receiving Loop is a specialized antenna project for LF reception, designed to mitigate local noise and enhance weak signal pickup on the lower frequencies. This square loop, measuring 6 feet per side, utilizes 14 turns of #12 THHN wire wound on a PVC frame, offering a robust mechanical structure. The design incorporates a series-tuned circuit with a coupling transformer, allowing for tuning from over 400 kHz down to _45 kHz_ using a switched capacitor bank. Construction details include the use of 1.5-inch PVC pipe for the frame, with specific measurements for spreaders and drilled holes for wire threading. The two 7-turn sections of wire are connected at the center, providing an option for a center tap. The loop rotates on a 1-inch steel pipe, enabling directional nulling of noise sources. The tuning unit, housed in a box clamped to the PVC, employs a 1:2 step-up transformer wound on an _FT-82-77 core_ and uses relays to switch capacitance values from 50 pF to 6400 pF, providing precise frequency adjustment. The current setup connects to the shack via 100 feet of RG-58, feeding into a W1VD-designed preamp, with plans for a balanced, shielded twisted pair cable upgrade.

Illustrates the specific wiring and configuration steps required to interface an SGC-230 Smartuner with an Icom IC-706 HF/VHF/UHF transceiver. The document details the necessary connections for power, control, and RF signal paths between the two devices, ensuring proper impedance matching and automatic antenna tuning functionality. It specifies the pin assignments for the IC-706's ACC socket and the SGC-230's control port, crucial for successful integration. Outlines the operational considerations for the combined system, including initial setup procedures and potential troubleshooting tips for common connectivity issues. The resource presents a clear, diagrammatic representation of the interconnections, which aids in visual comprehension of the required cable fabrication or modification. Covers the specific settings within the IC-706 menu that need adjustment to enable external tuner control, such as the 'TUNER' function and other relevant parameters. This ensures the transceiver correctly communicates with the SGC-230 for efficient antenna tuning across various amateur bands.

The project outlines the process for constructing a low-power FM broadcast transmitter using a Raspberry Pi Zero, a simple wire antenna, and battery power. It details the software installation steps for PiFM and MPG123, essential for generating and transmitting audio. The resource provides instructions for configuring the Raspberry Pi to broadcast FM signals, including command-line operations for initiating transmission and playing audio files. It specifically focuses on the Raspberry Pi Zero's capabilities for this application, highlighting its cost-effectiveness and minimal hardware requirements. The content presents a practical, hands-on approach to creating a basic FM transmitter, suitable for short-range, experimental broadcasting. It includes guidance on testing the FM output and ensuring proper operation of the software components. The project emphasizes the use of readily available components and open-source software to achieve functional RF output.

Radial systems for elevated and ground mounted vertical antennas by SteppIR

This is a 200 Watt PEP step up transformer for end fed full and half wave antennas without radials, designed as a 200 Watt PEP

Presents a detailed construction guide for a **Quadrifilar Helix Antenna** (QHA) optimized for 137 MHz, specifically for receiving weather satellite transmissions. The resource outlines the author's experience building previous QHA designs, highlighting challenges with tuning and nulls, and then focuses on a refined design by John Boyer, documented by Steve Blackmore, which proved easier to build and yielded superior reception. The guide provides precise element dimensions, including 1.5m of 32mm PVC pipe for the mast and 8mm soft copper tubing for the helix elements. It specifies lengths for horizontal tubes (190mm, 90mm) and helix elements (903mm, 1002mm), along with instructions for drilling, assembly, and forming a **balun** by wrapping RG58 coax around the mast. The text emphasizes critical steps like ensuring elements are square and twisting in the correct direction to avoid phase issues. It includes references to original QST articles by Buck Ruperto (W3KH) and the WxSat program for decoding satellite transmissions, contextualizing the antenna's purpose. The article concludes with a sample NOAA 12 image from September 1998, demonstrating the antenna's reception capabilities.

Demonstrates the design and construction of a 9-element Yagi antenna for the **70 cm band** (432 MHz), based on the DK7ZB concept. The resource details EZNEC+ calculations for a single antenna, providing gain, sidelobe suppression, and front-to-back ratio figures. It also presents a comprehensive analysis of stacking two such antennas, including optimal stacking distance (1000 mm) and the resulting performance enhancements for the stacked array, such as an increased gain of 17.03 dBi. The article includes detailed drawings, wire file dimensions in millimeters, and azimuth/elevation plots for both single and stacked configurations. Practical construction steps are documented with original photographs, illustrating element mounting, the **28 Ohm matching system** using two quarter-wave 75 Ohm transmission lines, and the critical N-connector wiring. It also covers the iterative process of fine-tuning the driven element length to achieve a return loss of 20 dB, validating the EZNEC+ simulation results with actual measurements.

Constructing a portable, high-gain antenna for _AO-40_ satellite operations presents unique challenges, particularly regarding mechanical stability and parabolic accuracy. This resource details the build of a 1.2-meter "brolly dish" antenna, utilizing a non-conducting fiberglass umbrella frame as its foundation. The project outlines a method for achieving a parabolic shape using stressed aluminum fly screen mesh, guided by practical geometry and a temporary dowel template. Key steps include selecting an appropriate umbrella with a suitable f/D ratio (ideally >0.25), removing the original fabric, and precisely cutting and attaching eight segments of fly screen to the struts to form the reflective surface. The construction process, which took approximately five hours for the author, _G6LVB_, resulted in a dish with an f/D of 0.27 (depth=270mm, diameter=1160mm, f=310mm). The article also describes a modification to a _TransSystem AIDC_ feed, incorporating a PCB reflector behind the dipole for easier mounting. Performance tests at a squint angle of 15 deg and a range of 50,000km yielded a signal-to-noise ratio of 33dB on the S2 beacon and 23dB for SSB signals, indicating strong reception. The author notes that the modified umbrella may not close fully without risking surface disfigurement.

The ZS6BKW antenna, a popular multiband wire antenna, offers improved band matching compared to the traditional G5RV. This construction guide details the process, beginning with specific dimensions: 13.11 meters (43 feet) for the 450-ohm ladder line and initial dipole arm lengths of approximately 14.8 meters each. It emphasizes the critical role of an _antenna analyzer_ for accurate tuning, particularly for determining the velocity factor of the ladder line and achieving a 1:1 impedance match. The article outlines the materials required, including a 1:1 current balun, 450-ohm window line, wire for the dipole arms, and a 50-ohm non-inductive resistor for testing. It provides a step-by-step procedure for cutting the ladder line to its electrical half-wavelength, explaining how to calculate the velocity factor using measured and free-space frequencies. For instance, a measured 50-ohm impedance at 12.54 MHz with a calculated free-space half-wavelength frequency of 11.44 MHz yields a velocity factor of 0.91. Final adjustments involve hoisting the antenna to its operational height and fine-tuning the dipole arm lengths to achieve optimal SWR, specifically targeting 14.200 MHz. The _ZS6BKW_ design is noted for its performance on 80m, 40m, 20m, 10m, and 6m, though it is not optimized for 15m operation. The author, _VK4MDX_, shares practical tips for durable construction using stainless steel wire and cable clamps.

Optimizing the ZS6BKW antenna for full HF band coverage often requires specific modifications beyond its standard configuration. This resource details several enhancements, beginning with a simple series capacitor to improve 80m SWR, a technique W5DXP found effective for permanent installation due to its minimal impact on higher bands. Further improvements include a 10-inch parallel open stub for 10m resonance, shifting the frequency to 28.4 MHz with an SWR of approximately 1.8:1, a practical solution for Technician class operators. The document then explores a switchable matching section, adding or subtracting one foot of ladder line at the 1:1 choke-balun, which significantly impacts higher frequency bands and eliminates the need for a tuner on 17m. W5DXP's _AIM-4170D_ antenna analyzer measurements confirm these effects. More advanced modifications involve a parallel capacitor for further 80m SWR reduction, requiring remote switching for multi-band operation, and relay-switched parallel capacitors at specific points on the 450-ohm matching section to achieve low SWR on 60m, 30m, and 15m. These detailed steps, including _Smith chart_ analyses for the challenging bands, aim to transform the ZS6BKW into a truly all-HF-band antenna, reflecting W5DXP's practical experience in antenna tuning.

Demonstrates the construction and implementation of a **two-element phased vertical array** for 40 meters, utilizing _Christman phasing_ techniques. The author, W4NFR, details the process from building individual 1/4-wave aluminum verticals to integrating them into a phased system. The resource covers antenna spacing of 32 feet, elevated radial design, and the critical steps for tuning each vertical to achieve a 1.1:1 SWR before combining them. It also provides insights into calculating precise coax lengths for feedlines and the phasing delay line, emphasizing the use of an MFJ-269 Antenna Analyzer for verification. The finished system exhibits good front-to-back nulls, with an overall SWR ranging from 1.6:1 to 2.2:1, which is managed by an antenna tuner. The project includes detailed photos of the relay box, showing 12 VDC relays capable of handling 5KV, and the control box in the shack for switching between three different antenna pattern configurations. Static bleed-off chokes are incorporated for protection, and the construction emphasizes robust weatherproofing for outdoor elements.

Antenna dealer, antenna masts, towers, mounts, antenna rotators, steppir and optibeam inrad dealer

The ZS6BKW multi-band antenna, an optimized variant of the classic G5RV, is presented with detailed construction and tuning instructions. This resource outlines the antenna's design principles, which were developed by _Brian Austin (G0GSF)_ using computer programs and Smith charts to achieve optimal dimensions. It provides specific guidance on calculating and adjusting the lengths of the radiators (L1) and the matching ladder line (L2), emphasizing the critical role of velocity factor (VF) in achieving resonance. The article includes a step-by-step procedure for empirically determining the VF of ladder line using an antenna analyzer, ensuring accurate physical lengths for the matching section. It details the tuning process for the radiators, offering practical tips for incremental adjustments to achieve the best SWR curve. The resource presents SWR measurement results obtained with an _AIM-4170C_ analyzer across multiple bands, alongside predicted SWR graphs from an AutoEZ model. It confirms successful contacts on 80, 40, 20, and 17 meters, including a **17-meter DX contact** to Italy. EZNEC and AutoEZ models for the ZS6BKW antenna, covering 80 through 6 meters, are provided for download, allowing further analysis and customization. The document specifies component details, such as the use of Wireman 554 ladder line and #14 AWG THHN copper wire, and discusses the antenna's performance characteristics, noting high SWR on 15 and 30 meters but successful tuning on 6 and 80 meters with an external tuner.

The GM4JJJ VHF and EME pages document David's extensive work in Earth-Moon-Earth (EME) communication, specifically on the 144 MHz band, and his involvement in amateur radio astronomy. The resource details his station setup and operational experiences, providing insights into the technical challenges and rewards of bouncing signals off the moon. It offers a glimpse into the specialized equipment and techniques required for successful EME contacts, a niche but highly rewarding aspect of amateur radio. David's content shares practical applications and field results from his EME endeavors, which can be particularly useful for hams contemplating or actively pursuing moonbounce operations. The information, while not a step-by-step guide, implicitly compares the complexities of EME with more conventional VHF/UHF operations, highlighting the significant power and antenna gain necessary to overcome path losses. This resource serves as a testament to the advanced capabilities achievable in amateur radio.

A step by step approach for a ham radio vertical antenna mount using only a hole, gravel and a piece of plumbing pipe

A system designed to automatically tune small transmitting magnetic loop antennas, particularly beneficial for **contest operations** where rapid frequency changes are common. The core of the system involves a PC-based control application, AutoCap, written in C#, which monitors antenna SWR via an external meter and commands a motor interface to adjust the loop's variable capacitor. The software is compatible with Windows and Linux via the Mono framework, offering a graphical user interface for monitoring system status, SWR, power, and motor commands. Key components include one or more magnetic loop antennas equipped with DC or stepper motors for capacitor adjustment, an SWR meter with data output (such as the Telepost LP-100A or a homebrew serial/USB SWR meter), the AutoCap PC software, and a motor interface. The most effective motor interface utilizes an **Arduino-based controller** with custom firmware, providing precise control over both simple DC motors and stepper motors, and supporting features like motor braking for finer adjustments. The system allows for configurable SWR thresholds, pulse widths, and motor effort settings to optimize tuning speed and resolution. Optional radio integration provides frequency hints, enabling the algorithm to learn the relationship between motor actions and resonant frequency, thereby speeding up initial tuning responses. The software also supports antenna profiles, allowing operators to save and recall specific configurations for different loops, including accumulated frequency hint data.

Building a Windom HF Antenna. A PDF file presentation about homebrewing a windom antenna for the HF bands with formulas for 40 and 80 meters bands and step by step guide on making a 4:1 balun to feed the antenna.

A 38-foot Tristao Tower, similar to the U.S. Tower HDX538, was installed twice by the author, first in 1980 and then reinstalled in 1989. The resource details the challenges of self-performing heavy construction tasks like breaking concrete and digging a 3' x 3' x 6' deep footing, contrasting it with hiring professionals for the second installation. It highlights the financial and physical costs associated with DIY tower foundation work, noting a rebar cage cost of $65 in 1980 versus $150-$175 today, and the expense of tools for bending rebar. The content emphasizes the critical importance of obtaining building permits, recounting how a permit in Buena Park, California, nullified a neighbor's complaint about TVI. It also discusses the necessity of adhering to local building codes, such as the 1975 UBC and the subsequent 1985 UBC recertification requirement, which reduced the allowed antenna wind loading from 30 square feet to 20 square feet for the author's _KT34A_ Yagi. The footing depth also increased from 6 feet to 6.5 feet under the newer code. Practical advice includes hiring licensed contractors for specialized work, delaying antenna installation for a month after raising the tower, and verifying buried utilities before any excavation. The author provides specific examples of utility location services like _DigAlert_ in California, underscoring the legal and safety implications of neglecting this step. The narrative is grounded in personal experience, offering a realistic perspective on tower projects.

**LDG Z100** automatic tuner repair focuses on toroid replacement and troubleshooting. The guide provides detailed steps for diagnosing and fixing common issues with the toroid, which is crucial for the tuner's performance. It includes specific instructions on disassembling the unit, identifying faulty components, and sourcing replacements. The document is technical, requiring familiarity with electronic components and soldering techniques. It emphasizes the importance of using the correct toroid specifications to ensure optimal functionality. Successful repair of the **LDG Z100** ATU restores its ability to match a wide range of antennas, enhancing transmission efficiency. The guide compares the performance before and after the repair, highlighting improvements in SWR readings and overall reliability. Practical application of this repair extends the life of the tuner, making it a cost-effective solution for amateur radio operators. The document serves as a reference for similar repairs on other models, providing insights into common issues and solutions. It is a valuable resource for those looking to maintain their equipment without resorting to professional services.

Pictures and description of a SteppIr vertical antenna setup in a small backyard using DX Engineering radial plates.

A 200 kHz bandwidth digital transmission system for image transfer in the Amateur Service is under development, specifically targeting VHF allocations. John B. Stephensen, KD6OZH, leads this project under an FCC Special Temporary Authority (STA) valid until September 10, 2006, authorizing emissions up to 200 kHz bandwidth in the 50.3-50.8 MHz segment. Current regulations typically limit bandwidths to 20 kHz on VHF amateur bands, making this STA crucial for testing wideband digital modes. The modem, a modified **OFDM** (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexed) unit, was initially tested on the 70-cm band. It splits a high-rate data stream into multiple low-rate subcarriers to mitigate multipath echoes. The system uses a DCP-1 card with a Xilinx XC3S400 FPGA and Oki Semiconductor ML67Q5003 microcontroller. The transmitter, located at 36d 46m 30s N, 119d 46m 22s W, generates 150 WPEP into an 8 dBi gain vertical antenna, while the mobile receiver uses a Ham-stick. Three data formats for 50, 100, and 200 kHz channels are being tested, with encoded data rates of 96, 192, and 384 kbps. Verilog code for the VHF OFDM modem is 95% simulated, with modifications from the UHF version including increased filter coefficient precision and a change from Ungerboeck **TCM** to BICM for improved performance over fading paths. Final tests will involve one-way over-the-air measurements of bit error rates and coverage area.

Assembling installing and tuning the Butternut HF9V multiband vertical antenna

Presents a construction project for a 1:1 current balun, specifically detailing the _Sorbie Balun and Bottle Choke_ design. The resource outlines the winding technique, employing 4+4 turns of mini coaxial cable on a large ferrite core, and provides insights into the physical assembly. It includes specific material recommendations, such as the type of ferrite and coaxial cable, crucial for achieving the desired impedance transformation and common-mode current suppression. The content covers the practical steps involved in building the balun, from preparing the coaxial cable to securing the windings on the ferrite toroid. It also discusses the integration of the balun into an antenna system, emphasizing its role in maintaining pattern integrity and reducing RF interference in the shack. The resource offers a clear, step-by-step approach, making the project accessible for homebrewers. Illustrations and photographs accompany the text, visually guiding the builder through each stage of construction. The article concludes with performance expectations and considerations for deployment, ensuring the constructed balun functions effectively across the intended frequency range.

The **TransWorld Antennas TW2010 Traveler HF Portable Vertical Antenna** assembly video provides a visual walkthrough for deploying this popular portable HF antenna. It details the step-by-step process, from unpacking components to final setup, which is crucial for operators preparing for field day operations or DXpeditions. The video focuses on practical aspects, showing how to connect the various elements and secure the antenna for optimal performance. Operators often seek clear assembly instructions for portable antennas like the TW2010 to ensure quick and correct deployment in diverse environments. This visual aid helps clarify potential ambiguities found in written manuals, illustrating the proper handling of the antenna's radial system and telescopic elements. The video serves as a valuable resource for those aiming to achieve efficient operation with the **TW2010 Traveler** in a portable setting. Understanding the assembly sequence can significantly reduce setup time and prevent common errors encountered during initial deployments.

Indoor setup of a two element SteppIR antenna

Operating the AO-51 amateur radio satellite with a handheld transceiver (HT) presents a practical entry point for newcomers to satellite communications. This resource details the necessary steps and considerations for making basic contacts, focusing on accessible equipment. It covers fundamental concepts such as _Keplerian elements_ for satellite tracking and the importance of understanding Doppler shift effects on both uplink and downlink frequencies. The tutorial outlines a straightforward approach to satellite passes, emphasizing the use of readily available gear. It provides insights into antenna orientation and timing for successful two-way communication. The content aims to demystify satellite operation, enabling operators to achieve their first **AO-51** contacts with minimal specialized equipment. Key aspects include frequency management and basic operational techniques.

This web article details the construction of a 4-meter band coaxial dipole antenna, designed for operation between **70.000 MHz and 70.500 MHz**. The resource provides a bill of materials and step-by-step assembly instructions for a half-wave dipole constructed from _RG-58_ coaxial cable. The design specifies a direct 50 ohm feedpoint impedance, eliminating the need for an external matching network. Construction photographs illustrate the stripping and soldering processes for the coaxial cable elements, ensuring proper electrical connection and physical integrity. The article includes specific dimensions for the radiating elements, derived from calculations for the 70 MHz band. The project outlines the physical dimensions required for resonance at 70 MHz, with the outer braid forming one half and the inner conductor forming the other. The feedline connection is directly to the coaxial dipole's center, maintaining a 50 ohm characteristic impedance. While the article does not present SWR plots or VNA sweeps, it focuses on the mechanical construction and dimensional accuracy for achieving a functional 4-meter dipole. The design is intended for fixed station use, with no specific mention of polarization or height above ground, but implies a standard horizontal orientation for dipole operation. DXZone Focus: Web Article | 4m Coaxial Dipole | Construction Guide | 50 ohm Feed

The page provides a detailed guide on how to build your own NOAA weather satellite receiving station, covering hardware, antenna, computer setup, and software installation. It offers a straightforward explanation suitable for beginners and serves as an educational project. The content includes step-by-step instructions and tips for observing satellites in the night sky.

Mobile RFI, often manifesting as persistent noise in the receiver even with the antenna disconnected, frequently originates from the vehicle's power supply system. This guide details systematic troubleshooting steps, beginning with isolating the radio from the car's 12-volt supply to confirm the power system as the noise source. It emphasizes the critical importance of drawing power directly from the battery using **heavy gauge wire**, bypassing the fuse block to leverage the battery's natural capacitance for RFI suppression and ensuring a solid RF ground. Proper routing of power lines through the firewall is also covered, advocating for dedicated grommeted holes to prevent inductive coupling from other wiring harnesses. The article stresses the necessity of fusing both positive and negative leads from the battery, a crucial safety measure to prevent damage to the rig and mitigate high-current risks should the battery's engine block ground become compromised during service. Addressing **alternator whine**, a common high-pitched noise that varies with engine speed, the resource suggests checking battery connections and the alternator-to-battery harness for looseness or corrosion. It also mentions the utility of adding an external RF noise suppression capacitor in parallel with the alternator's internal capacitor for enhanced filtering, and the effectiveness of commercially available in-line power supply filters.

The AT-AUTO automatic antenna tuner handles 1.5kW CW operation, employing stepper motors under microprocessor control to precisely position a roller inductor and air-dielectric variable capacitor, avoiding relay-switched discrete components. This design choice prevents loud relay clacking and burning contacts, a common issue with competing products. The tuner features auto-retuning capabilities and receives periodic firmware updates, ensuring continuous improvement and added user-requested features. Its companion product, the _CX-AUTO_ coaxial switch, also features an embedded microprocessor controller. It enables selection of 1-of-8 coaxial outputs via a serial data interface. When integrated with the _AT-AUTO_, the tuner can associate specific coaxial outputs with amateur radio bands, automatically commanding the _CX-AUTO_ to select the correct antenna when the operator QSYs to a different band. Don Kessler began designing the AT-AUTO in 2005, with its debut at the 2006 Dayton Hamvention. Kessler Engineering also offers custom RF product design and electrical engineering consulting, specializing in Class-E RF amplifiers.

Installing a mobile rig in a vehicle requires careful planning and execution to ensure optimal performance and safety. The process begins with selecting the right equipment, such as the ICOM IC706MKII for low bands and the ALINCO DR-610 for VHF/UHF operations. Proper mounting is crucial; both radios are strategically placed under the back seat of the Silverado, allowing for a clean installation while maintaining passenger comfort. The Hustler antenna, equipped with various resonators, ensures coverage across multiple bands, while the LDG automatic antenna tuner fine-tunes the match for efficient operation. A remote head for the tuner enhances accessibility, making adjustments easier while driving. Each step of the installation is documented to provide insights and tips for fellow operators looking to enhance their mobile setup. The experience shared here reflects practical knowledge gained through hands-on work, aiming to inspire others in the ham community to undertake similar projects.

Building an amateur station for competitive radiosport involves a number of critical steps, regardless of the band or bands you focus on. These include, but are certainly not limited to: Station layout, Equipment interconnection and switching, Inter-station interference, Antenna selection. Radio interface with the logging program, CW and voice keyer integration, Rotator control

Presents _Beam Quest_, the official Japanese distributor for _SteppIR_ antennas, detailing their product lineup and services. The site showcases various _SteppIR_ Yagi models, including the _Dream Beam_ series (DB42, DB36, DB18E, DB11) with configurations from two to four elements, alongside the _Big IR_ and _Small IR_ vertical antennas. It also lists accessories such as TX/RX and PC interfaces, essential for integrating these advanced antenna systems into a ham shack. Operators often seek out _SteppIR_ antennas for their dynamically adjustable element lengths, which allow for optimization across multiple bands, a significant advantage for DXing and contesting. This adaptability contrasts sharply with fixed-element Yagis, providing a distinct edge in varying band conditions. The resource provides contact information, including email and phone numbers, for inquiries and support regarding _SteppIR_ products within Japan, serving as a direct point of contact for sales and technical assistance.

Italian ham radio dealer for major brands like Icom Kenwood Yaesu HY-GAIN Heil Sound Rigexpert Palstar GAP antennas Diamond SteppIR and others