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The BTech DMR-6X2 dual-band DMR handheld radio is thoroughly reviewed, detailing its features and performance for amateur radio operators. This resource covers the radio's capabilities for both VHF and UHF frequencies, supporting Tier II DMR digital and FM analog modes. It highlights key specifications such as its **136-174 MHz** and **400-480 MHz** frequency ranges, CTCSS/DCS, DTMF, 2-TONE, and 5-TONE signaling, and its _digital simplex repeater_ function. The review provides a comprehensive unboxing experience, listing included accessories like two Li-Ion batteries (2100 and 3100 mAh), a programming cable, and a 37-page English user guide. It also specifies the radio's physical dimensions of 5.1 x 2.4 x 1.5 inches and weights of 9.9 oz with the 2100 mAh battery and 10.8 oz with the 3100 mAh battery, offering practical insights for hams considering this transceiver.

137.7 kHz QRSS beacon exciter is described, utilizing a single chip for operation on the 2200m amateur band. The design focuses on simplicity and efficiency for weak signal applications, providing a compact solution for generating QRSS signals. This project targets the DX portion of the band, enabling long-distance communication with minimal power output. The resource details the construction and functionality of the **QRSS beacon**, emphasizing its **low-power operation** and suitability for experimental amateur radio. It provides insights into the circuit's architecture and potential for integration into existing station setups. The design aims to offer a practical and accessible entry point for amateurs interested in weak signal modes on the LF/MF bands.

Over 15 years of operational notes are documented on the AA6E Station Log, covering diverse amateur radio topics. The blog presents detailed accounts of station setup, antenna experiments, and digital mode operations, often featuring specific equipment like the _Ten-Tec Orion_ transceiver. It includes practical discussions on **station grounding techniques** and insights into PSK31 Morse code communication. The resource provides a chronological record of Martin Ewing's amateur radio activities, offering firsthand perspectives on equipment performance and operational challenges. Content often includes technical observations and solutions developed through practical experience, such as optimizing antenna systems for various bands. Specific entries detail contest participation and DX chasing, providing context for operational decisions and results.

Demonstrates the _RoMac Automatic CW Identifier 2012_ software, a Windows application designed to automate station identification and provide a tuning pulser. It can send CW identification via a sound card's audio output or by keying a radio's manual CW jack using a serial port's DTR line. The software also supports CAT commands for various Kenwood, Yaesu, Flex, and Elecraft radios, enabling automatic mode and frequency changes for ID transmission. It integrates with USB audio-capable radios like the Icom 7300 and Yaesu FT-991, simplifying connectivity with a single USB cable. The application features a fully programmable interface, adjustable CW speed from **5 to 35 WPM**, and ID intervals from **5 to 30 minutes**. The integrated "Pulse Tuner" function allows for safe amplifier and antenna tuner adjustments by sending short audio tones or rapid CW keying, with an adjustable duty cycle from 1% to 100%. It offers compatibility with a wide range of transceivers and amplifiers, and a schematic for a basic sound card interface is included for users without existing setups.

137 kHz propagation analysis details ground wave and sky wave mechanisms, drawing heavily from **CCIR Rec. 368-6** for ground wave field strength predictions and **CCIR Rep. 265-7** for sky wave modeling. The resource presents field strength values for 1 W ERP at varying distances, considering ground conductivity and permittivity for ground wave, and ionospheric height (70km daytime, 90km nighttime) for sky wave. Key factors like ionospheric focusing (factor "D"), reflection coefficient ("RC"), and antenna ground pattern factors ("Ft", "Fr") are quantified for 137 kHz, enabling calculation of sky wave field strength. Practical coverage ranges are derived for 137 kHz, showing useful ground wave coverage up to 1600 km over seawater and 1100 km over average ground, assuming a -9 dBuV/m noise floor. Sky wave coverage extends beyond 2200 km during night-time and winter daytime, but is negligible during summer daytime at solar minimum. The document also compares ground wave and sky wave strengths, identifying crossover distances at 550 km (night-time), 750 km (winter daytime), and 1250 km (summer daytime), where interference fading can occur. Adjustments for solar maximum conditions are provided, indicating 2-11 dB higher sky wave values depending on distance and season.

The IFR-100 PMR446 radio, developed by ICIT Co., Ltd., incorporates a unique _private speaker_ function. This feature enables users to receive communications discreetly, preventing audio from being broadcast aloud from the radio's internal speaker. Instead, the operator can hear transmissions exclusively through a connected earpiece or similar accessory, facilitating private talk mode operations. ICIT Co., Ltd. positions itself as a primary developer and manufacturer of PMR446 equipment within Korea. Their product line emphasizes innovative features designed to enhance user privacy and operational flexibility in short-range, license-free radio communications. The company's focus is on delivering specialized two-way radio solutions. The resource highlights the company's manufacturing capabilities and its commitment to developing distinct functionalities for the PMR446 market. It underscores their role in providing specific communication tools for users requiring secure and private audio reception.

Amateur radio operators seeking local community and emergency communications involvement often look for active clubs. The Rock River Radio Club (RRRC) provides a platform for hams in Wisconsin to participate in weekly nets and monthly meetings, fostering camaraderie and operational readiness. Their activities include regular ARES/RACES nets, which are crucial for maintaining proficiency in emergency communication protocols and equipment. The club hosts weekly nets on both VHF/UHF and HF bands, allowing members to practice various modes and frequencies. These include a Monday evening net on the Juneau Repeater at _146.64 MHz_ (PL 123.0) and a Thursday evening net on the Knowles Repeater at _442.975 MHz_ (PL 123.0). An HF net operates on Saturdays at **3.947 MHz**, with an additional ARES/RACES net on Sundays at **3.967 MHz**. Monthly club meetings are held on the first Tuesday of each month at 7 PM in Randolph, Wisconsin, providing a consistent gathering point for members and prospective hams. The club also engages in public demonstrations, such as those at the Experimental Aircraft Association (EAA) Dodge County Chapter Fly-In, showcasing amateur radio to a broader audience.

FTRestore is a free Windows desktop application to upload, download and compare memory channels and menu settings in the Yaesu FTDX1200, FTDX3000 and FT-991/FT-991A model transceivers.

Aggregating real-time contest scores, this online scoreboard serves as a central hub for participants and spectators to monitor live progress during amateur radio competitions. It directly interfaces with widely used contest logging programs, collecting score data as operators make contacts. The platform then processes and displays these scores on dedicated contest pages, offering an immediate overview of standings. Supporting a diverse range of **DX contests**, the system accommodates various operating modes and rulesets. It facilitates score tracking for events like the YB DX RTTY, RSGB Commonwealth (BERU), EA PSK63, and the South America 10 Meter contest, among others. This functionality allows contesters to gauge their performance against competitors instantaneously, fostering dynamic participation. The scoreboard's integration with multiple contest log software applications ensures broad compatibility, making it accessible to a significant portion of the contesting community. It provides a crucial service by centralizing score visibility, enhancing the competitive experience for **amateur radio operators** worldwide.

Over 70 distinct contest rules are cataloged, including major events like the _ARRL DX Contest_, _CQWW DX Contest_, and numerous state QSO Parties, providing direct access to official guidelines. The resource also compiles contest calendars from sources such as _WA7BNM_, ARRL, and _LA9HW_, offering a centralized hub for upcoming operating activities. Historical contest records are detailed for various events, including _ARRL 10 Meter Records_ for W/VE and DX, _CQWW DX Records_, and _ARRL Sweepstakes_ results by K5KA. This compilation allows operators to review past performance and understand competitive benchmarks across different bands and modes, aiding in strategic planning for future contests. The resource serves as a practical reference for both casual participants and serious contesters.

The MMMonVHF database, curated by DL8EBW, currently lists 63,455 entries for VHF operators, providing a searchable resource for locating stations active on 144 MHz and higher bands. Operators can register their callsigns to be included, with specific criteria such as participation in _MS_ (Meteor Scatter), _WSJT_ modes, or _EME_ (Earth-Moon-Earth) operations required for inclusion in the `call3.txt` file. This resource facilitates VHF DX expeditions and contest planning by allowing users to identify potential contacts within a geographical area. The database supports various VHF/UHF operating modes, including those focused on weak signal propagation. Statistical data regarding the database entries is also presented, offering insights into the distribution of registered VHF activity.

The CAT and audio interface version 3 project by PA5CA presents a comprehensive solution for integrating amateur radio transceivers with computer sound cards, facilitating digital mode operation and CAT control. It includes detailed schematics for the interface circuitry, illustrating the isolation transformers for audio paths and optocouplers for CAT data lines, ensuring robust electrical separation between radio and PC. The resource also provides PCB layouts, enabling constructors to fabricate their own boards for this specific design. The project outlines the component selection and assembly process, emphasizing the use of readily available parts to build a reliable interface. It addresses common challenges in sound card interfacing, such as ground loops and RF interference, through its isolated design. This construction guide offers practical insights into building a functional interface, making it suitable for hams interested in DIY radio accessories for digital modes like FT8, RTTY, and PSK31.

The Guernsey Amateur Radio Society (GARS) provides a central hub for amateur radio operators in the Bailiwick of Guernsey, offering resources like a local _GU Callbook_ and specific notes tailored for visiting operators. The society maintains an active presence, holding regular meetings on Friday evenings from 7:30 to 9:00 PM in a unique World War II bunker located within the grounds of the Beau Sejour Leisure Centre. Beyond in-person gatherings, GARS facilitates on-air activity with a 2-meter net operating on 145.525 MHz every Tuesday night at 8:00 PM. Additionally, a DMR net is hosted on Thursday nights at 8:00 PM via the _GB7GY_ repeater, catering to digital mode enthusiasts. These nets provide opportunities for local members and visitors to connect and exchange information. Phil Cooper, GU0SUP, serves as a key contact for the society, managing inquiries and web content. The club's location is precisely described as being down a concrete staircase to the left of the road when approaching the Concourse entrance, making it straightforward for newcomers to find their way to the club's distinctive meeting place.

For over 50 years, Communications Specialists Inc. has been a cornerstone in specialized radio frequency solutions, initially gaining prominence with their **CTCSS** and **DTMF** tone signaling products widely used in amateur radio repeaters and commercial two-way radio systems. My own experience with their tone boards in various repeater builds confirms their reliability and ease of integration, a testament to their engineering. The company's legacy in tone encoding and decoding is well-established, providing robust solutions for access control and selective calling. Beyond tone signaling, Com-Spec has diversified into niche markets, including wildlife telemetry, pet tracking collars, and specialized tracking systems for model aircraft and rocketry. Their product line features compact transmitters and receivers designed for specific tracking applications, demonstrating a commitment to precision and durability in challenging environments. While some legacy products are no longer available, Com-Spec continues to innovate, as evidenced by the new R-30M receiver, which ships within five days. This focus on specialized RF applications, from tracking Alzheimer's patients to law enforcement, highlights their unique position in the radio communications industry.

The Hermes-Lite is a low-cost direct down/up conversion software defined amateur radio HF transceiver based on a broadband modem chip and the Hermes SDR project. It is entirely open source and open hardware, including the tools used for design and fabrication files. Over 300 Hermes-Lite 2.0 units have been successfully built.

Presents the W9VT Tri-Town Radio Club, an ARRL-affiliated organization serving the Illinois amateur radio community. The club maintains a 2-meter repeater on 147.180 MHz (+600 kHz offset, 107.2 Hz CTCSS) and a 70-centimeter repeater on 444.825 MHz (+5 MHz offset, 107.2 Hz CTCSS), both located in Woodridge, IL. Regular meetings are held on the second Tuesday of each month at 7:00 PM at the Woodridge Public Library, focusing on technical discussions, operating practices, and community service. The club participates in Field Day, supports local public service events, and offers licensing classes for Technician, General, and Extra class examinations. Members engage in various amateur radio activities, including DXing, contesting, and digital modes, fostering skill development among hams. The club's repeater infrastructure provides reliable local communication for members and supports emergency preparedness efforts within DuPage County. Participation in ARRL-sponsored events like the Simulated Emergency Test (SET) and various operating awards promotes active engagement and technical proficiency. The club provides a platform for mentorship, allowing experienced operators to guide newer hams through licensing and operational aspects.

Automated use of EZNEC. AutoEZ is an Excel application that works in conjunction with the EZNEC antenna modeling programs and allows you to use variables to control diverse aspects of the model. You can then run multiple EZNEC test cases while AutoEZ automatically changes one or more variables between runs. Commercial version and free demo available for download.

The CQ World Wide DX Contest records page details the highest scores achieved in the CQ WW DX Contest across various categories and years. It systematically lists records for both SSB and CW modes, segmenting results by entry class such as Multi-Multi, Multi-Two, Multi-Single High, Multi-Single Low, Single Operator High Power, Single Operator Low Power, Single Operator QRP, Single Operator Assisted High, Single Operator Assisted Low, and Single Operator Assisted QRP. Each record entry specifies the callsign, the operator's callsign in parentheses if different, the year of operation, and the total score achieved. The data is further broken down by individual amateur radio bands, including 160m, 80m, 40m, 20m, 15m, and 10m, allowing for granular analysis of performance within specific frequency segments. The page also includes records for the "ALL" band category, representing cumulative scores across all operational bands. The presented records span from 1948 to 2025, providing a historical perspective on contest performance. This resource also references other CQ contests like CQ WPX, CQ WW RTTY, CQ WPX RTTY, CQ 160, CQ VHF, and WW DIGI, indicating a broader context of contest record keeping. It explicitly states that late logs are not included in the records, ensuring data integrity. The page is maintained by the World Wide Radio Operators Foundation, Inc.

MorseExpert 1.15 decodes Morse Code audio to text, leveraging algorithms from CW Skimmer for optimal performance on weak, fading signals amidst interference on amateur radio bands. It processes audio from the device's built-in microphone or an external radio receiver via cable, optionally highlighting Ham callsigns and keywords. The application features a waterfall display with a bandwidth of 200-1200 Hz, decodes frequencies between 300-1100 Hz, and supports keying speeds from 12-45 WPM with automatic CW pitch detection. Recent updates include support for Android 15, edge-to-edge mode, improved stability, and a pause decoding button. A premium version offers an ad-free experience and user-selected text colors. Users can switch between General Text mode and Ham Radio QSO mode, which enhances word segmentation and highlights callsigns. The app also includes a frequency lock mode, text selection capabilities for copying, sharing, or saving decoded text, and provides guidance on reducing acoustic echo and constructing an audio attenuator for optimal radio interfacing.

Twenty-four repeaters, including D-STAR and Fusion systems, are maintained and operated by MARCA Inc., primarily located on Arizona mountaintops and around the Phoenix metropolitan area. The organization, holding the callsign _W7MOT_, facilitates a wide range of amateur radio activities, such as ARRL Field Day events near Forest Lakes, Arizona, and participation in ARRL FMT contests. Members engage in antenna experimentation, construction, and maintenance trips to repeater sites. The club's interests span diverse topics, including HF voice, digital modes like _WSPR_, _WSJT-X_ (FT8, FT4), and CW, alongside DXing, MESH networking, and EOC operations. It supports technologies from SDR radio building to antique radio restoration and computer-based operations like Echolink, fostering a Single Board Computer (SBC) and Raspberry Pi group. Monthly meetings, held on the third Tuesday, feature business discussions and guest presentations, with informal summer gatherings and an annual holiday dinner in December. Monthly VE testing sessions for Technician, General, and Extra Class licenses are conducted by Ray Vasquez, K4RMV. Post-meeting discussions often cover specialized interests such as repeater operations, technical topics, D-STAR, SDR, APRS, Fusion, and Raspberry Pi projects.

The K9IU Indiana University amateur radio club provides a robust station environment for its members, located within the Indiana Memorial Union. This setup includes a variety of radio resources, making it accessible for students and faculty interested in two-way radio communication, from local ragchews to international DXing. The club's facilities are available for use at any time, fostering an active amateur radio community on campus. Members can engage in various aspects of the hobby, utilizing the club's equipment for operating on different bands and modes. This hands-on access supports learning and practical experience in radio theory and operation, which is crucial for new hams and seasoned operators alike. The K9IU club serves as a central point for amateur radio activities at Indiana University Bloomington, aligning with the university's broader academic and extracurricular offerings.

The Noantri WebCLX presents real-time DX spots, including frequency, DX callsign, country, and comments, facilitating active DXing and contesting. It operates as a web-based cluster, offering an alternative to traditional Telnet clusters for accessing spotting data. The interface displays current UTC, allowing operators to track propagation and activity across various amateur bands. This service is maintained by the _Noantri DX Group ARI Roma_, indicating its origin within the Italian amateur radio community. It supports the dynamic exchange of DX information, crucial for operators seeking new entities or participating in competitive events. Key features include the display of spots for modes like FT8, and it functions as a DXSpider-based system, providing a robust platform for **DX spotting** and **propagation analysis**.

CCAE Software Log provides a dedicated platform for amateur radio operators to manage their QSO records, offering functionalities beyond basic logging. This application supports various operational aspects, including contest participation and general DXing activities, catering to the needs of radio enthusiasts who utilize classic equipment such as Collins radios. The software integrates features for efficient data entry and retrieval, allowing users to maintain a detailed history of their contacts. It is designed to be intuitive for operators focused on collecting and preserving their radio communication logs. The program's development by the European Collins Collector Association (F6HOY) suggests a focus on reliability and specific utility for vintage radio enthusiasts. Its core function is to serve as a robust **logbook software**, facilitating organized record-keeping for ham radio operations.

Mods.dk modifications for the Kenwood TS-690

Drake Mods for R4B and R4C models by VE3EFJ

How SSTV Works, article by F1ULT

The Kenwood TS-870S HF transceiver features two state-of-the-art 24-bit 20 MIPS DSP chips, providing over 100dB out-of-passband attenuation and CW bandwidth adjustable to 50 Hz. It operates across 160-10 meters with 100 watts output, incorporating digital filtering, a beat canceller, and 100 memory channels. The radio also includes a transmit equalizer, RX antenna input, and a K1 Logic Keyer, enhancing signal processing and operational flexibility for amateur radio operators. Advanced capabilities include IF stage DSP, dual noise reduction, and an auto notch filter, all contributing to superior signal reception and clarity. The TS-870S offers a variable AGC, voice equalizer, and an RS-232C port for computer control, with Windows™ software supplied. Its built-in automatic antenna tuner functions on all bands for both transmit and receive modes, streamlining station setup and operation. Available accessories such as the DRU-3A digital recording unit, SO-2 high stability crystal oscillator, and VS-2 voice synthesizer option further extend the transceiver's utility. The unit requires 13.8 VDC at 20.5 Amps and is supplied with an MC-43S hand microphone, making it a comprehensive station component.

IZ5CML, Enrico Giannerini, obtained his amateur radio license in 1998, achieving DXCC contacts with all entities over 18 years of activity. His station, located in Empoli, Tuscany, Italy, focuses on HF and 50 MHz operations, primarily using SSB, CW, and some RTTY. He emphasizes direct radio communication, preferring "human modes" over digital modes like FT8/4, which he views as detaching the operator from the signal. Enrico's operating interests include DXing, IOTA activations, and major HF contests, where he has participated both individually and with teams like IQ5LV and IO5O. Notable activations include Sao Miguel and Flores (CU8, EU-089) in the Azores in 2005, and Antiparos and Paros (EU-067) in Greece in 2006 and 2014. He also contributes to the Hamradioweb forum, promoting good operating practices and publishing the monthly "Dxschedule" for upcoming DX and contest activities. The website includes a blog with articles on DX, ionospheric propagation, and antennas, reflecting his long-standing passion for radio, sparked by the 1980s film "La Tenda Rossa" and years as an SWL.

The Utility DXers Forum (UDXF) provides a centralized platform for exchanging news and information concerning utility radio stations and signals operating within the 0 to 30 MHz spectrum. It specifically excludes broadcasting, pirate, and amateur radio transmissions, concentrating instead on a diverse array of other signals. The resource details the types of stations covered, including maritime coastal and ship stations, aeronautical ground and aircraft communications (voice, HFDL, Selcalls, Volmet), military operations, various beacons (NDB, driftnet, propagation, pirate, high-frequency), fax transmissions, numbers stations, diplomatic communications, clandestines, and other unusual signals. Further content addresses radar systems such as Over-the-Horizon, Ocean Wave, and CODAR, alongside ionosondes, chirpsounders, ALE-systems, Selcall-systems, and tone calls. Experimental stations and standard frequency and time stations are also within its scope. The forum also acknowledges utility radio-related amateur events like the International Lighthouse Weekend and Night of Nights, providing a broader context for listeners. The site offers sections for modes, hardware, software, a utility radio archive, digital BC & HF conditions, and a utility radio club archive, along with QSLs and pennants.

On March 27, 2017, the FCC adopted final rules for the USA 630-meter band, detailed in Report and Order FCC 17-33, which required PLC coordination with the Utilities Telecom Council before amateur operations could commence. This resource documents the WD2XSH experimental group's activities, including authorized stations, band plans, and frequency assignments within the 465-515 KHz range, with many stations operating between 495-499 KHz and 501-510 KHz. The site also highlights the WRC-12 decision on February 14, 2012, which granted a new **7-kilohertz-wide** secondary allocation between _472-479 kHz_ for the Amateur Radio Service worldwide. The group's efforts included operating with a maximum ERP of **20 Watts** across 45 stations in the continental USA, Alaska, and Hawaii, using emission modes such as CW, PSK-31, FSK-31, and MSK-31. The site provides links to download FCC 17-33 in PDF and DOCx formats, and offers a station location map, a list of stations by callsign and frequency, and an archive of news updates. Reception reports for any 600-meter station are encouraged to help the amateur radio community understand propagation and repeatability on this challenging band.

An SDR classification model edited ty Christophe F4DAN The model consists in describing a SDR with letters and digits, each one indicating the value of the corresponding key parameter.

IdealCircuit is an analog circuit simulator working with true ideal components. It uses exactly the same unique and robust algorithm as NL5 Circuit Simulator. Simple and intuitive interface, fewer components and models, no fancy and powerful features that are only useful for specialized applications.

Group of dedicated amateur radio enthusiasts who want to further digital modes of communication in the central Ohio area. We have been active in packet, APRS, VOIP and are now proud to provide D-Star digital voice and data connectivity.

Fifty-three digital modes, including PSK31, RTTY, and JT65, are explored in this resource, providing detailed descriptions of their underlying technologies and typical use cases. It covers error correction methods like ARQ in PACTOR and FEC in JT65, alongside modulation schemes such as FSK and PSK. The content highlights the evolution of digital communication from traditional TNC-based systems to modern sound card implementations, emphasizing the role of personal computers in advancing these modes. Specific modes like AMTOR, PACTOR, and G-TOR are discussed, noting their baud rates and error correction capabilities. For instance, AMTOR operates at 100 baud, while PACTOR offers 200 baud with Huffman compression. The article also delves into newer modes like MFSK16, which uses 16 tones and continuous Forward Error Correction, and Olivia, capable of decoding signals 10-14 dB below the noise floor. Each mode's bandwidth, speed, and resilience to propagation challenges are examined, such as MT63's 1 KHz bandwidth and 100 WPM rate, or Hellschreiber's 75 Hz bandwidth and 35 WPM text rate. The resource also lists predominant USA HF digital frequencies for bands like 160, 80, and 40 meters, specifying segments for PSK31, RTTY, SSTV, and Packet. It includes links to freeware and shareware sound card software such as Digipan, FLDigi, and MixW, enabling amateurs to experiment with these modes.

This resource documents numerous QRP (low power) portable amateur radio operations conducted by W1PID, Jim Cluett, primarily from various outdoor locations in New Hampshire. The content includes detailed accounts, photographs, and operational specifics for over 350 individual "QRP Adventures," often involving hiking, biking, or kayaking to remote sites. Each entry typically highlights the location, date, bands and modes used (frequently CW on HF), and notable DX contacts made with minimal power, sometimes as low as 200mW WSPR. The site serves as a chronicle of practical QRP field operation, demonstrating successful DXing and contesting from challenging environments. It showcases diverse operating scenarios, from mountaintops like Cannon Mountain and Knox Mountain to lakeshores, riverbanks, and even marine mobile operations. The documented contacts span numerous DXCC entities across Europe, Asia, and the Americas, providing empirical evidence of QRP's efficacy in varied propagation conditions and terrains. Specific events like the Worked All Germany contest, 13 Colonies Event, and CWT sprints are also featured.

Articles about TM-D710 radio modifications at Mods.dk

The _Alessandro Volta RTTY Contest_ is an annual digital mode competition focusing on Radioteletype (RTTY) operation, challenging participants to make contacts across various HF bands. This event typically occurs in January, drawing a global field of operators aiming to maximize their QSO count and multiplier accumulation. The contest emphasizes accurate exchange of signal reports and serial numbers, with specific rules governing single operator, multi-operator, and SWL categories. Participants utilize software like _N1MM Logger+_ or _WriteLog_ to manage their logs and generate Cabrillo files for submission. Scoring is based on points per QSO, multiplied by unique DXCC entities and Italian provinces worked on each band. The contest encourages both seasoned RTTY contesters and those new to digital modes to engage in competitive HF activity, promoting skill development in digital communication. Final results and logs are typically published on the contest website, showcasing top performers and providing detailed breakdowns of scores.

Explains the annual Jamboree on the Air (JOTA) event, a global amateur radio gathering for Scouts and Guides. This activity connects young people worldwide through ham radio, fostering international friendship and introducing them to radio communication technology. Participants use various amateur radio bands and modes, including HF, VHF, and digital modes like FT8 and JS8Call, to make contacts with other JOTA stations and learn about the hobby. The ARRL provides resources for Scout leaders and amateur radio operators interested in hosting a JOTA station, including guidelines for setting up temporary stations, safety protocols, and educational materials. The event typically occurs on the third full weekend of October, aligning with the World Organization of the Scout Movement's (WOSM) global schedule. JOTA emphasizes hands-on experience with radio equipment, antenna theory, and basic operating procedures. It serves as a significant public service opportunity for hams to engage with youth and promote the educational aspects of amateur radio.

The Alcorn County ARES group provides crucial **emergency communications** support within Alcorn County, Mississippi, operating under the Amateur Radio Emergency Service framework. This organization mobilizes licensed amateur radio operators to assist public safety agencies during emergencies, natural disasters, and other critical events when conventional communication infrastructure fails or becomes overloaded. Their activities include regular training exercises, participation in local drills, and maintaining readiness to deploy communication assets. Members engage in various aspects of amateur radio, including voice, digital modes, and message handling, ensuring a robust and redundant communication network. The group's focus on preparedness and community service aligns with the core principles of ARES, emphasizing rapid response and effective information relay during crises. They often collaborate with local emergency management agencies, such as the Alcorn County Emergency Management Agency, to integrate amateur radio capabilities into broader disaster response plans. Dustin Brumfield, KD5LAP, serves as the Public Information Officer, facilitating outreach and coordination. The club's operational area is specifically Alcorn County, Mississippi, contributing to local resilience.

The Mississippi QSO Party, sponsored by the Mississippi Section of the ARRL, offers a prime opportunity for hams worldwide to make contact with Mississippi stations. This annual event encourages both in-state and out-of-state operators to activate Mississippi counties, promoting activity across the Magnolia State's diverse geographic regions. Participants often operate from various locations, including parks and historical sites, contributing to the unique character of the contacts. Operators typically utilize a mix of HF and VHF bands, employing CW, SSB, and digital modes to maximize their QSO count and multiplier acquisition. The exchange usually involves a signal report and county for Mississippi stations, or state/province/country for others. Results are compiled and published, recognizing top scorers in various categories and encouraging friendly competition among participants. The event serves as a significant annual gathering point for the Mississippi amateur radio community, fostering camaraderie and operational skill development.

KComm, a logging and communication program, was specifically engineered for Elecraft K2, K3, and KX3 transceivers, leveraging the Lazarus cross-platform development tool. It operates natively on Windows XP and can be compiled for Linux, with potential for macOS, prioritizing low resource usage for casual DXers and contest participants. The software integrates with external applications like Fldigi for diverse digital modes and CW Skimmer for advanced Morse decoding, enhancing its functionality beyond basic logging. The design philosophy of KComm emphasizes utilizing the physical radio controls for operational adjustments, rather than replacing the transceiver's front panel. It facilitates keyboard CW operation via the Elecraft serial protocol and capitalizes on the K3 and KX3's built-in decoders for RTTY and PSK31. Additionally, KComm supports PSK31, PSK63, and PSK125 through the AE4JY PSK Core DLL on Windows and integrates with PSKReporter.info for spotting. While not a dedicated contest logging or award tracking program, KComm supports ADIF and Cabrillo export for casual use, allowing logs to be imported into other software. The author, G4ILO, ceased all software development, providing KComm "as is" without further support or updates; however, the source code is available under the GNU GPL for community continuation.

Operating Morse code (CW) relies on a diverse array of **telegraph keys**, each with unique characteristics and historical significance. This resource presents a personal collection of such keys, offering visual documentation and details on various models. It features early Marconi keys from the 1900s, including specific models like the Marconi Air Ministry Key and Marconi Coastal Station Keys, alongside **Vibroplex** bugs and JRC keys. The collection also highlights rare items such as the Brown Brothers Magnetic Twin Paddle Key, the Eddystone Bug Key, and Swedish SRA Ericsson Keys. Enthusiasts can view examples of GPO Double Current & Single Current Keys, Navy NATO Keys, and specialized aircraft and maritime keys. The site includes information on historical training devices like the OMNIGRAPH and a Morse Inker from 1900, providing context for the evolution of telegraphy equipment. Additionally, the resource showcases unique items like the B2 Spy Set SOE Agents Key and a WW2 Junker U-BOAT KEY, illustrating the varied applications of Morse keys throughout history. The author, G0RDO, also shares details on a home-made paddle key and invites inquiries for acquiring interesting Morse keys.

Amateur radio repeaters extend communication range for mobile and remote stations by retransmitting signals on a different frequency, often for emergency communications. The resource details various repeater bands, noting that 2 meters and 70 cm are primary for activity, with 10-meter repeaters offering potential national and overseas coverage. It specifies **18 channels** on 6 meters and **31 channels** on 2 meters, along with a new 70 cm offset of _7 MHz_ adopted in 2015. The content explains how repeaters can be linked via dedicated transmitters/receivers, landlines, or Internet VoIP systems like _IRLP_ and Echolink, enabling global connections. It also describes simplex gateways for multi-band operation and the use of CTCSS subaudible tones for access control and interference mitigation. The document highlights specialized repeaters for modes beyond voice, such as SSTV and ATV, particularly on 70cm and higher bands. Operational guidelines for efficient and courteous repeater use are referenced, along with links to Australian repeater listings and band plans.

Demonstrates the community-driven mission of the McKinney Amateur Radio Club (MARC), a North Texas organization dedicated to advancing amateur radio. The club actively promotes continuous learning, encouraging technical innovation among its members, and provides avenues for public service engagement, skill enhancement, and global connectivity with fellow operators. MARC hosts weekly breakfast discussions every Saturday at 7:30 AM at IHOP in McKinney, Texas, covering diverse topics and offering a Q&A forum. The club emphasizes emergency communication preparedness, antenna design and tuning, and the science of global radio wave propagation, crucial for clear amateur radio contacts. Furthermore, MARC explores modern radio technologies, including digital modes and _Software-Defined Radio_ (SDR), blending traditional amateur radio with cutting-edge advancements. The club also facilitates license testing sessions, hands-on training, and participates in events like _Field Day_ to hone emergency communication skills.

The Union Métropolitaine des Sans-filistes de Montréal (UMS) operates daily nets on **VE2REM** 147.015+ T103.5, **VE2RYV** 146.655- T141.3, and **VE2RVK** 145.430- T141.3, alongside Echolink VE2UMS-L and DMR TG302273. This Montreal-based club, representing hundreds of radio amateurs, provides information for those interested in amateur radio and serves as a communication hub for its members, including a regularly visited ham radio flea market section. The site also highlights significant club initiatives like the AREDN Mesh Network modernization project and an innovative after-school program. The UMS website details upcoming events such as the 2026 sugar shack invitation, Field Day 2025, and monthly meetings scheduled for September 18, 2024. It also features a live log sheet section and a WEB SDR, offering practical tools for members and visitors. The club's president, Bruno VE2VK, extends a welcome, emphasizing the UMS's role in fostering amateur radio in the greater Montreal region, with contact information provided for inquiries.

When assembling a robust shack, the quality of interconnects often determines overall system integrity and signal fidelity. Neutrik, with over 50 years in the connectivity sector, specializes in professional-grade connectors that withstand rigorous use in entertainment and industrial applications. Their product range includes XLR, speakON, powerCON, and opticalCON series, which are frequently adapted by hams for critical station infrastructure, particularly in contesting or DXpedition environments where reliability is paramount. Amateur radio operators often repurpose these durable connectors for antenna switching matrices, audio interfaces for digital modes, or power distribution systems. The robust locking mechanisms and high-quality contact materials found in Neutrik products ensure stable connections, minimizing intermittent faults that can plague field operations or even fixed station setups. This attention to mechanical and electrical integrity aligns well with the demands of high-power RF environments and sensitive receive chains. While primarily serving the pro-audio and video markets, the engineering principles behind Neutrik's designs translate directly to the needs of radio amateurs seeking superior performance and longevity from their cabling and connection points. Their commitment to innovation, as highlighted by their 50-year journey, suggests a continuous evolution of products that could benefit future amateur radio applications.

Constructing a high-performance RF spectrum analyzer up to 1000 MHz requires careful attention to component selection, shielding, and circuit isolation. This resource details a project that improves upon the _Spectrum Analyzer for the Radio Amateur_ design by Wes Hayward (W7ZOI) and Terry White (K7TAU), incorporating ideas from Scotty Sprowls' project, particularly his 1013.3 MHz IF bandpass cavity filter. The analyzer utilizes a Mini-Circuits SRA-11 mixer with a sweeping local oscillator from 1013 to 2013 MHz, feeding into a 4-pole copper pipe cavity filter. The design employs a second SRA-11 mixer with a fixed 1024 MHz LO to produce a 10.7 MHz final IF. This signal then passes through narrowband resolution filters and is processed by Analog Devices AD603 and AD8307 ICs for IF amplification and logarithmic detection, driving an oscilloscope in X/Y mode. The project emphasizes modular construction, using salvaged components and double-sided FR4 material for PCBs, with critical notes on minimizing spurious images through effective shielding and proper voltage regulation for each module. Key components include a Z-Communications V585ME48 VCO for the first LO and a Z-Comm V583ME01 VCO controlled by a Motorola MC145151 PLL for the second LO. An optional Hittite HMC307 step attenuator and K&L 5L121-1000/T5000-O/O low-pass filter manage RF input. Tuning procedures for the 10.7 MHz IF resolution filter are also detailed, showing before-and-after spectrum views.

Provides custom battery pack assembly services, focusing on portable power solutions for two-way radio applications. The company distributes batteries from numerous manufacturers, ensuring a broad selection for various radio models. This includes replacement packs for popular brands such as _Kenwood_, _Icom_, and Yaesu handheld transceivers, as well as batteries for CB radios and scanners. The core business function involves designing and building specific battery configurations to meet unique customer requirements, extending the operational life of portable radio equipment. Their offerings support a wide range of amateur radio activities requiring reliable, field-deployable power sources. Advanced Battery Systems also supplies individual cells and components, enabling radio operators to repair or rebuild existing battery packs, potentially saving costs compared to purchasing new OEM units. They emphasize durability and performance in their custom builds, aiming for **extended cycle life** and **consistent power output**.

Showcasing a diverse portfolio, RF Industries specializes in interconnect solutions crucial for modern communication infrastructure. Their product line encompasses a wide array of RF connectors, precision-engineered coaxial cables, and robust data cables, all designed to meet the rigorous demands of wireless and wireline telecom, data communications, and industrial applications. The company emphasizes its role in "Connecting the Next Generation" by providing foundational components for evolving network technologies. Their offerings extend beyond basic components to include comprehensive installation and test kits, alongside various adapters and wire harnesses. This focus ensures that their products not only perform reliably in the field but also integrate seamlessly into complex systems, supporting critical infrastructure. RF Industries' commitment to quality and innovation positions them as a key supplier for those building and maintaining advanced communication networks, from _5G deployments_ to industrial control systems, ensuring signal integrity and robust connectivity.

The DXCC World Map web application is a modern and interactive mapping tool designed for shortwave radio enthusiasts. It showcases a high-quality world map along with the Sun's position, sunrise and sunset times, the terminator, coordinates, QTH locator, azimuth, azimuth map, current DXCC list, Aurora, and WWV Geophysical Alert Messages. Additionally, it provides the SFI, X-Ray, Kp, and Ap indices.