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Radiowave propagation in the medium and high frequency spectrum in DOC format

Use this online calculator to determine the length of a dipole antenna from the frequency. Both metric and English units of measurement are supported.

Presents a comprehensive listing of VHF and UHF repeater systems operating within Ecuador, detailing their operational frequencies and geographical coverage. The resource includes specific entries for locations such as _Guayaquil_, Cuenca, and Manta, alongside their respective frequency pairs. For instance, the Cerro Azul repeater in Guayaquil operates on **6.760- T**, indicating a transmit offset, while the Sta. Elena system utilizes a 26.660 MHz transmit frequency. The data provides essential information for local and visiting amateur radio operators seeking to utilize regional repeater infrastructure. It delineates coverage areas using two-letter provincial abbreviations, such as AZ for Azuay and GY for Guayas, facilitating route planning and mobile operation. This compilation is particularly useful for those engaged in local communications or emergency preparedness within the Ecuadorian amateur radio community, offering a practical guide to available repeater assets.

Examining the _Angle of Radiation_ and its impact on amateur radio operations, the resource provides insights into optimizing antenna performance for DX and local contacts. It features a design for SPOTTO, a direct conversion high-performance universal DSB transceiver, detailing its construction and operational characteristics for homebrew enthusiasts. Additionally, the site presents a 7-element VHF high-gain antenna design, offering practical schematics and expected performance metrics for those seeking enhanced gain on VHF bands. The resource also covers the development and popularity of the _FT8_ digital mode, highlighting its effectiveness in weak-signal conditions and its role in special event operations like the FT8DMC anniversary. It includes information on Hamfest India 2023 and the Lamakaan Amateur Radio Convention, providing dates and organizational details for significant Indian amateur radio gatherings. Technical articles on Direct Digital Synthesizers (DDS) VFOs and low-cost multifunctional frequency counters offer practical project ideas for radio amateurs.

A chart presenting the results of impedance measurements made on a variety of common-mode choke implementations across the frequency range 1MHz to 30MHz by G3TXQ

Presents a detailed compilation of **6-meter** voice repeaters operating within the 53-54 MHz segment across Australia (VK) and New Zealand (ZL), providing essential data for local and visiting radio amateurs. Each entry specifies the repeater's output and input frequencies, its assigned callsign (where applicable), the primary service area, current operational status (e.g., operational, under construction, scrapped), and a **Maidenhead grid locator**. The resource also includes the date the repeater was last heard or updated, offering insights into its recent activity. This listing is meticulously maintained by VK2KFJ, who updates entries based on personal observations and confirmed reports from other operators. It serves as a practical reference for hams seeking to utilize the 6-meter band for local communication via repeaters, particularly for those engaged in mobile or portable operations within the specified regions. The data helps operators configure their transceivers correctly for accessing these vital communication hubs. Beyond the repeater details, the page also notes common 6-meter FM voice simplex frequencies, such as the 52.525 MHz international call frequency, and lists historical packet simplex frequencies, though their current operational status is uncertain. This comprehensive approach ensures that operators have a broad overview of 6-meter activity in VK and ZL.

International crystal manufacturing provides quartz crystals, oscillators, precision crystals, filters, tcxos / vctcxos, qcm crystals, and other frequency control products. read details about our crystals and frequency control products and services.

A system designed to automatically tune small transmitting magnetic loop antennas, particularly beneficial for **contest operations** where rapid frequency changes are common. The core of the system involves a PC-based control application, AutoCap, written in C#, which monitors antenna SWR via an external meter and commands a motor interface to adjust the loop's variable capacitor. The software is compatible with Windows and Linux via the Mono framework, offering a graphical user interface for monitoring system status, SWR, power, and motor commands. Key components include one or more magnetic loop antennas equipped with DC or stepper motors for capacitor adjustment, an SWR meter with data output (such as the Telepost LP-100A or a homebrew serial/USB SWR meter), the AutoCap PC software, and a motor interface. The most effective motor interface utilizes an **Arduino-based controller** with custom firmware, providing precise control over both simple DC motors and stepper motors, and supporting features like motor braking for finer adjustments. The system allows for configurable SWR thresholds, pulse widths, and motor effort settings to optimize tuning speed and resolution. Optional radio integration provides frequency hints, enabling the algorithm to learn the relationship between motor actions and resonant frequency, thereby speeding up initial tuning responses. The software also supports antenna profiles, allowing operators to save and recall specific configurations for different loops, including accumulated frequency hint data.

Over 100 amateur radio beacon audio files are presented, offering a direct auditory experience of propagation conditions across a wide spectrum of frequencies, from 1.8 MHz to 47 GHz. These recordings, primarily captured by IW3FZQ and IK3NWX, document signals from beacons such as DK0WCY, IY4M, GB3RAL, and S55ZRS, providing a valuable resource for **propagation study** and **beacon monitoring**. Each entry in the list specifies the beacon's callsign, its operating frequency in kHz, and the recording operator. This compilation includes signals from beacons located in various grid squares like JN55VF, JO44VQ, and IO91IN, illustrating diverse geographical origins. The frequencies covered span the 160m, 80m, 40m, 30m, 20m, 17m, 15m, 12m, 10m, 6m, 4m, 2m, 70cm, 23cm, 6cm, 3cm, 1.2cm, and 6mm amateur bands. Users can listen to these recordings to identify characteristic beacon tones and observe signal strength variations. The resource also invites other radio amateurs to contribute their own beacon audio files, fostering a collaborative archive of propagation data. The last update to this collection was on March 24, 2009, indicating a historical snapshot of beacon activity. Accessing the files requires the Real Player software.

Benelec Pty Ltd specializes in the design and manufacturing of **antennas** and RF components, covering a broad frequency range from 0.002 GHz to 8 GHz. Their product line includes Land Mobile Radio Antennas, such as HF 2-30MHz, VHF 40-180MHz, and UHF 200-520MHz models, alongside specialized Military Antennas for dismounted, UxS, C2, and EW applications. The company also produces Cellular Antennas, including 4G/5G and GPS/GNSS types, and Marine Antennas for both vessel-mounted and fixed-site installations. Additionally, Benelec offers a comprehensive range of coaxial cables, connectors like N-Type and SMA, and various radio accessories. The company's offerings extend to RF components such as duplexers, diplexers, and 50 Ohm loads, as well as DAS components like directional couplers and hybrid combiners. Benelec provides EMP and lightning protection solutions, including 1/4 Wave Stub protectors and replaceable GAS capsules. Their product catalog also features P25, DMR, and FM Analog radios, along with portable and mobile radio accessories like batteries, chargers, and cabled headsets. The company supports various sectors with robust communication solutions.

PIC micro controller based frequency counter with LCD readout

Frequency counter project. It includes quite a number of useful testing features which were very useful when building other projects

This resource, originally intended to detail the technical specifications of the **Clover** digital communications mode, currently presents a "Page not found" error. The _Clover_ mode was designed for conveying 8-bit digital data over narrow-band high-frequency radio channels, offering robust performance under challenging propagation conditions. Its design focused on efficient data transfer and error correction, making it suitable for amateur radio operators seeking reliable digital links. The absence of the page prevents analysis of specific technical parameters, such as modulation schemes, data rates, or error correction codes that would have been presented. Historically, Clover offered significant advantages in throughput and reliability compared to earlier digital modes over HF, often achieving higher effective data rates than modes like PACTOR or AMTOR under similar signal-to-noise ratios. Without the content, a direct comparison of its performance metrics or practical application scenarios is not possible.

One hundred and fifty words per minute (WPM) is a configurable speed setting in this online Morse code translator, which facilitates bidirectional conversion between plain text and **Continuous Wave (CW)**. Users can input text to generate corresponding Morse code, or enter Morse code using dots and dashes to receive a text translation. The tool supports various alphabets, including Latin, Cyrillic, Ukrainian, Hebrew, and Arabic, broadening its utility for international communication. The platform offers multiple output methods for the generated Morse code, including audible playback, visual flashing, and device vibration. Advanced configuration options allow for precise control over the sound's pitch (frequency), volume, and overall speed, including a **Farnsworth speed** setting. This flexibility enables users to customize the learning or communication experience to their specific needs. Additional features include the ability to save the generated Morse code audio as a WAV file and to create shareable links for messages, which can be sent with or without the accompanying text. The interface is entirely web-based, built with HTML5 and JavaScript, ensuring broad compatibility across modern browsers.

US coast guard frequency list

Radio Frequency Interference To/From touch lamps and dimmers

A parabolic dish ring feed optimum resonance frequency of 1325MHz

Presents construction details for Moxon antennas, specifically focusing on 10-meter and 17-meter band configurations. It covers practical aspects of building these directional wire arrays, including element spacing, feedpoint considerations, and material choices for optimal performance. The resource emphasizes homebrewing techniques suitable for amateur radio operators. Discusses the advantages of the Moxon rectangle design, such as its compact footprint compared to a full-size Yagi and its favorable front-to-back ratio. It provides insights into achieving proper impedance matching and structural integrity for portable or fixed installations. The content includes photographic examples of constructed antennas. Explains the iterative process of tuning and optimizing Moxon antennas for specific frequency segments within the 10m and 17m bands. It offers guidance on minimizing SWR and maximizing gain, drawing from real-world building experiences to assist constructors in replicating successful designs.

DK7ZB's fan dipole designs address the challenge of operating multiple HF bands with a single feedline, providing practical construction details for **multiband wire antennas**. The resource outlines specific lengths for half-dipoles across various band combinations, including 10-15-20m for classic bands and 12-17-30m for WARC bands. It emphasizes the importance of proper spacing between resonant elements to avoid impedance interaction and high SWR, a common issue when frequencies are too close. The article details the use of **current baluns** built with FT240-43 or FT140-43 cores, specifying turns and cable types for 1KW and 400-Watt power levels. It includes a correction table for adjusting dipole lengths based on frequency shifts, aiding in fine-tuning resonance. The 20+40m dipole is noted for its ability to operate on 15m with an ATU, demonstrating versatility.

This resource provides a detailed historical record of satellite downlink frequencies, systematically organized by both frequency range and the satellite's launch year. It presents extensive listings covering segments from 8 MHz to 9000 MHz, including specific breakdowns like 136-137 MHz and 1600-2200 MHz. The data is segmented into distinct frequency blocks, offering granular information for various bands. The content delineates frequencies for satellites launched across several decades, with specific sections for years such as 2004, 1999, and extending back to 1967. This chronological organization allows for tracking the evolution of satellite communication frequencies over time. The resource serves as a reference for identifying operational downlink frequencies of historical space assets, which is particularly useful for satellite enthusiasts and those interested in _space tracking_ or _vintage satellite_ communications. The utility of this compilation lies in its specific historical data, providing a unique perspective on past satellite operations and frequency allocations.

Accurate calibration of your receiver and sound card is necessary for good results with the weak signal modes in use at LF. Modern receivers with master oscillators that are synthesized to provide all conversion frequencies greatly simplify the process. This article describes a method of making the necessary measurements and adjustments to an ICOM R75 receiver and a sound card, using the ARGO software

Accurate frequency measurement is crucial for amateur radio operators, particularly when building or troubleshooting transceivers and test equipment. This resource details the construction of a _PIC microcontroller_-based frequency counter, providing a practical solution for precise frequency display. The design incorporates an LCD readout, offering clear visual feedback of measured frequencies. The counter can operate as a standalone unit, useful for general bench testing, or be integrated directly into a receiver. Its built-in offset functionality allows for seamless integration, enabling the display of the received signal frequency rather than the intermediate frequency. The project focuses on accessible components and construction techniques, making it suitable for homebrew enthusiasts. Key features include a measurement range up to **50 MHz** and a compact form factor.

Mitigating RF noise in a mobile operating environment, particularly within a _Jeep TJ_ vehicle, presents unique challenges due to the vehicle's electrical system and chassis characteristics. This resource details practical methods for identifying and suppressing various forms of radio frequency interference (RFI) that can degrade receiver performance for both CB and amateur radio transceivers. It covers common noise sources such as ignition systems, alternators, fuel pumps, and computer modules, explaining how these components generate broadband or specific frequency noise that impacts radio communications. The guide offers actionable solutions, including proper grounding techniques, the strategic use of ferrite beads and toroids on power and data lines, and the installation of bypass capacitors. It discusses the effectiveness of different filtering strategies for DC power lines and antenna feedlines, illustrating how a clean power supply and shielded cabling can significantly reduce conducted and radiated noise. The information presented helps operators achieve a lower noise floor, improving signal-to-noise ratio and enabling clearer reception of weak signals, which is crucial for effective mobile DXing or local ragchewing.

Graph of the frequency response of some of the legendary microphones favoured by radio hams

Extending frequency to FT-290R for transverter use

A free small database program for Palm OS that allows you to log ham radio contacts. You can log the call sign, name, date, time and frequency of the contact.

ScopeDSP analyzes sampled-data signals in the time and frequency domains. It can generate, read, write, window, and plot real and complex digital data signals.

FM & SWL, broadcasting, media, FMDX,frequency lists, ham adio

Global manufacturer of Satellite Earth Station, Air Traffic Control Radar Antenna and High Frequency Antenna products for broadcast, government and enterprise satellite communication applications.

An SSB radio for the HF bands will be presented. Featuring 12 to 20 Watts of output power (depending on DC supply), full DDS frequency generation, covering 6 major frequency bands (1.8, 3.5, 7, 14, 21 and 28 MHz) within the short wave amateur radio spectrum. The rig also features colored LCD and front panel backlight.

A NEC Model Comparative Analysis of Physical Orientation and Performance. The small magnetic loop is a useful compromise antenna for limited space and portability. For this reason, the magnetic loop antenna is a practical high frequency antenna solution for the restricted space of apartment dwellers

Low power radio modules - supplying rf modules, rf transceivers, radiometrix transmitters receivers, low power radio modules, scada, frequency hopping, 900 mhz, wireless data transmission, data telemetry, gps modules & receivers and more

Provides technology and solutions for the electronic test and measurement, optical, rf and microwave, wireless, wired, telecommunications. Make Frequency Counters, Antenna and spectrum analyzers, power meters, signal generators

A 200 kHz bandwidth digital transmission system for image transfer in the Amateur Service is under development, specifically targeting VHF allocations. John B. Stephensen, KD6OZH, leads this project under an FCC Special Temporary Authority (STA) valid until September 10, 2006, authorizing emissions up to 200 kHz bandwidth in the 50.3-50.8 MHz segment. Current regulations typically limit bandwidths to 20 kHz on VHF amateur bands, making this STA crucial for testing wideband digital modes. The modem, a modified **OFDM** (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexed) unit, was initially tested on the 70-cm band. It splits a high-rate data stream into multiple low-rate subcarriers to mitigate multipath echoes. The system uses a DCP-1 card with a Xilinx XC3S400 FPGA and Oki Semiconductor ML67Q5003 microcontroller. The transmitter, located at 36d 46m 30s N, 119d 46m 22s W, generates 150 WPEP into an 8 dBi gain vertical antenna, while the mobile receiver uses a Ham-stick. Three data formats for 50, 100, and 200 kHz channels are being tested, with encoded data rates of 96, 192, and 384 kbps. Verilog code for the VHF OFDM modem is 95% simulated, with modifications from the UHF version including increased filter coefficient precision and a change from Ungerboeck **TCM** to BICM for improved performance over fading paths. Final tests will involve one-way over-the-air measurements of bit error rates and coverage area.

A transceiver front-end protector in high signal level environments. An homemade RF limiter to protect your receiver front-end from high radio frequency.

This mod flattens out the ACC2 audio input low frequency response

Low Cost frequency counters and DDS VFO's for QRP and Vintage Radio's. LCD Digital Display, Frequency Counter or DDS VFO

This antenna can gets you on the air on 14MHz, and it has a useable frequency range. The VSWR is almost perfect at the centre-frequency abd the design uses no expensive components.

Mark Connelly, WA1ION article on Medium Frequency Amplifier Circuits in PDF format, include some RF amplifier schematics

Demonstrates a range of specialized radio frequency equipment and consulting services for amateur and professional applications. The offerings include _Vector-Finder_ direction finding antennas, various test equipment such as _gate dip meters_ and RF sniffers, and communications receiving adjuncts. Additionally, the company produces satellite antennas for weather satellite reception, voice amplification devices like the _Flex-Mike_, and custom prototype circuit boards. The company's product line addresses needs for precise RF measurement, signal detection, and specialized antenna systems, particularly for direction finding and satellite communications. Their historical association with National Radio (HRO) suggests a legacy in radio technology. The site also highlights a subsidiary, Sierra Mountain Products, which offers outdoor recreational gear, indicating a diversification beyond core RF manufacturing.

List compiled by N4LCD with description of main frequency usage

A receiving loop antenna for low frequency DX Work

This is about Small Antenna types and their properties which can help choosing proper antenna for high-frequency wireless communications as: two-way radio, microwave short links, repeaters, radio beacons or wireless telemetry

Real-time dashboard with 3000km optimal working & maximum usable frequency as well as maximum NVIS frequency; all for your internet access location.

Amateur radio spectrum management and frequency coordination entity for 219

The RadioFrequency Program is a professional Software dedicated to all HAM, SWL and Radio Listeners. Freeware. Included is a Text-CSV dBase Converter. Connection to the ICOM R8500 Receiver. Special Scanning Feature. Special Search Feature x large dBase.

Windows signal function generator sotfware, offers 4 main channels, 4 modulators, 1 measurement generator, 1 frequency standard generator, Amplitude, phase and frequency modulation, can generates real band-limited signals

iSpectrum is a free spectrum analyzer for MacOS that allows you to display live audio in a standard frequency plot, waterfall display or in a stereo oscilloscope view. Used by ham radio operators, audiofiles, musicians, and Sound Technicians.

SCRRBA is a volunteer organization providing coordination of a number of heavily utilized amateur radio frequency bands in Southern California.

The 60-page PDF document, "Antenna Systems and Theory For The Non-Technical Ham" by Jim Abercrombie, N4JA, provides a foundational understanding of antenna systems. It explains basic antenna theory, including how antennas work, electromagnetic wave polarization, and the role of frequency. The resource details various antenna types such as flat top dipoles, inverted-V dipoles, shortened loaded dipoles, G5RV dipoles, Carolina Windoms, and end-fed configurations. Vertical antennas, including ground-mounted trapped verticals and inverted-L verticals, are also covered. Directional beam antennas like monoband Yagis, cubical quads, and log-periodic arrays are discussed. Propagation modes, including ground-wave, direct wave, and skywave propagation, are explained in detail, with specific attention to the D, E, and F layers of the ionosphere and their effects on HF communication. Technical concepts such as standing wave ratio, decibels, resistance, and reactance are defined, along with calculations for half-wave resonant dipole lengths. The document addresses feed-line radiation, balun applications, and critical antenna and tower safety considerations. It aims to dispel common antenna myths and educate hams on making informed antenna choices.